Padziko lonse lapansi, matani oposa 1,3 biliyoni a chakudya amawonongeka chaka chilichonse. Kudyetsa anjala 1 biliyoni padziko lonse lapansi kutha kutheka ndi chakudya chocheperako kotala cha chakudya chomwe chimaponyedwa m'malo otayirako ku US ndi Europe.
Pamsonkhano waposachedwa wa World Economic Forum, kuchepetsa kuwononga chakudya mpaka matani 20 miliyoni pachaka kunadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazinthu 12 zomwe zingathandize kusintha machitidwe a chakudya padziko lonse lapansi pofika 2030.
Ndipo South Korea yatsogola, tsopano ikubwezeretsanso mpaka 95% yazakudya zake.
Koma zizindikiro zoterezi sizinali nthawi zonse ku South Korea. Zakudya zam'mbali zothirira pakamwa zomwe zimatsagana ndi zakudya zaku South Korea, panchang, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosadyedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chakudya chiwonongeke kwambiri padziko lapansi. Munthu aliyense ku South Korea amapanga zoposa 130 makilogalamu a chakudya chaka chilichonse.
Poyerekeza, zinyalala za chakudya ku Europe ndi North America zili pakati pa 95 ndi 115 kg pachaka, malinga ndi Food and Agriculture Organisation ya United Nations. Koma boma la South Korea lachitapo kanthu mwamphamvu kuti liwononge mapiriwa a zakudya zopanda thanzi.
Kalelo mu 2005, South Korea inaletsa kutaya chakudya m'malo otayirako, ndipo mu 2013 boma lidayambitsanso kukonzanso zinyalala zazakudya pogwiritsa ntchito matumba apadera omwe amatha kuwonongeka. Pa avareji, banja la ana anayi limalipira $6 pamwezi pamatumba amenewa, zomwe zimalimbikitsa anthu kupanga manyowa apanyumba.
Ndalama za thumba zimalipiranso 60% ya ndalama zoyendetsera ndondomekoyi, zomwe zachulukitsa zowonongeka za chakudya kuchokera pa 2% mu 1995 kufika pa 95% lero. Boma lavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zotayidwanso ngati feteleza, ngakhale zina zimasanduka chakudya cha ziweto.
Zotengera zanzeru
Zipangizo zamakono zakhala zikuthandizira kwambiri chiwembuchi. Mu likulu la dziko, Seoul, zotengera 6000 zokhala ndi masikelo ndi RFID zayikidwa. Makina ogulitsa amayezera zinyalala zomwe zikubwera ndikulipiritsa anthu kudzera pama ID awo. Makina ogulitsa achepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zikuwonongeka mu mzindawu ndi matani 47 m'zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, malinga ndi akuluakulu a mzindawo.
Anthu okhalamo akulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuchepetsa kulemera kwa zinyalala pochotsa chinyezi. Sikuti izi zimangochepetsa mtengo wawo wotaya zinyalala - zonyansa zazakudya zimakhala ndi chinyezi pafupifupi 80% - komanso zimapulumutsa mzinda $8,4 miliyoni pamalipiro otolera zinyalala.
Zinyalala zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito thumba lachikwama losawonongeka zimakanikizidwa pamalo opangirapo kuti achotse chinyezi chotsalira, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga biogas ndi biooil. Zinyalala zouma zimasandutsidwa feteleza, zomwe zimathandiza kulimbikitsa ulimi wokulirapo m'mizinda.
Mafamu a mumzinda
M’zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri zapitazi, chiŵerengero cha minda ndi minda ya zipatso m’tauni ya Seoul chawonjezeka kuŵirikiza kasanu ndi kamodzi. Tsopano ndi mahekitala 170 - kukula kwa mabwalo a mpira pafupifupi 240. Ambiri aiwo ali pakati pa nyumba zogona kapena padenga la masukulu ndi nyumba zamatauni. Famu imodzi ili ngakhale m’chipinda chapansi pa nyumba ndipo amameramo bowa.
Boma la mzindawo limapereka 80% mpaka 100% ya ndalama zoyambira. Ogwirizana ndi ndondomekoyi akuti minda ya m’tauni sikuti imangotulutsa zinthu za m’deralo, komanso imasonkhanitsa anthu m’madera, pamene anthu ankakonda kuthera nthawi yambiri akudzipatula. Mzindawu ukukonzekera kukhazikitsa zida zotayira zakudya kuti zithandizire mafamu amzindawu.
Chifukwa chake, South Korea yapita patsogolo kwambiri - koma nanga bwanji panchang? Malinga ndi akatswiri, anthu a ku South Korea sangachitire mwina koma kusintha kadyedwe kawo ngati akufunadi kulimbana ndi kuwononga chakudya.
Kim Mi-hwa, Wapampando wa Korea Zero Waste Network: “Pali malire a kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati feteleza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakufunika kusintha kadyedwe kathu, monga kusamukira ku zakudya zamtundu umodzi monga momwe zilili m’mayiko ena, kapenanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma panchang omwe amatsagana ndi chakudya.”