Zamkatimu
Zipatso kapena masamba osasamba m'munda, kulankhulana ndi nyama, ngati simusamba m'manja pambuyo pake ndikugwira nawo chakudya, kungayambitse matenda ndi mazira kapena mphutsi za tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Ambiri mwa olowa ndi helminths (parasitic worms) amene amakhala m'matumbo kapena (kawirikawiri) mbali zina za thupi ndi parasitize mmenemo. Helminths sizosangalatsa zokha, zimatha kuvulaza thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino, kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba, kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zamkati (ngati zimachokera m'mapapo, ubongo kapena diso, kulowa mu minofu).
Inde, ndi bwino kupewa matenda a helminths, koma izi sizingatheke nthawi zonse. Majeremusi ena amatha kulowa m'thupi ndi chakudya - nsomba, nyama, zipatso zatsopano. Pazonse, mitundu yopitilira 20 ya helminthiasis imadziwika m'dziko lathu, imasiyana ndi mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo, motero, mapiritsi apadera a nyongolotsi kwa anthu amafunikira kuti athetse.
Pali mitundu itatu ya majeremusi a anthu:
- helminths yozungulira (kalasi ya nematode);
- flatworms (kalasi trematode);
- tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (kalasi ya cestodes).
Kwa mphutsizi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ingakhale yothandiza, ndipo ndikofunika kuti tiyambe kuzindikira helminth, komanso kudziwa siteji ya chitukuko chake. Izi zitha kukhala mphutsi (pamene munthu ali ndi nyongolotsi yapakati) kapena anthu okhwima pakugonana (ngati ndi wolandira alendo). Pali mankhwala omwe amakhudza mphutsi zokha, ndipo pali omwe amagwira ntchito pamagulu onse a tizilombo. Pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi pinworms ndi roundworms, ngakhale kuti pakhoza kukhala tapeworms, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tapeworms (yamphongo, nkhumba, ng'ombe), komanso hookworms.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kukhalanso m'matumbo (kukhala m'matumbo aang'ono kapena akulu) ndi minofu (kuyambitsa chiwindi, impso, mapapo, kapena ubongo). Antiparasite mankhwala makamaka zimakhudza matumbo mitundu ya mphutsi, minofu ndi zovuta kwambiri kuchiza.
Mapiritsi 5 apamwamba a nyongolotsi malinga ndi KP
Tasankha mankhwala odziwika kwambiri komanso omwe nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - ascariasis ndi enterobiasis, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
1. Nemozol
Amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi okutidwa ndi filimu, mapiritsi otafuna ndi kuyimitsidwa. Yogwira pophika kukonzekera ndi albendazole. Amatulutsidwa ndi mankhwala. Ili ndi zochita zambiri motsutsana ndi nyongolotsi zozungulira komanso tapeworms. Mankhwala ndi yabwino ntchito, pa mankhwala safuna chakudya chapadera ndi kudya kwambiri madzi. Malinga ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, njira ya mankhwala imatha masiku atatu mpaka mwezi umodzi. Ndi enterobiasis ndi ascariasis, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndikotheka.
Patatha milungu iwiri, mlingo wachiwiri wa mankhwalawa umayenera kupewa helminthiasis. Panthawiyi, mazira a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe adatsalira panthawi yoyamba ya mankhwala amatha kuswa kale. Ndikofunika kuti achibale onse omwe akukhala ndi wodwala amwe mankhwalawa kuti asatengenso kachilomboka. Mankhwalawa ali ndi kukoma kokoma, samayambitsa zotsatira zamphamvu, koma sayenera kumwedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi ayenera kusamala kwambiri, mankhwalawa amatha kukhala oopsa. Komanso, zingakhale zovuta kuwerengera mlingo pa kulemera kwa thupi. Zoletsedwa kwa amayi apakati ndi ana osakwana zaka 6.
2. Piperazine
The mankhwala mapiritsi ndi yogwira mankhwala piperazine adipinate ali ndi ntchito yolimbana mphutsi, kuphatikizapo pinworms ndi ascaris. Zimasonyezedwa zochizira akuluakulu ndi ana, ndizothandiza kuthetsa anthu okhwima okha, zilibe mphamvu pa mazira a tizilombo.
Pambuyo kumwa mankhwala, mphutsi ndi mwachangu excreted ndi ndowe, njira ya mankhwala 2 masiku, pakati kumwa mapiritsi kumapangitsanso zotsatira, Ndi bwino kutenga mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba kapena enema. Mankhwalawa amatha kutengedwa kapena popanda chakudya, koma osati pamimba yopanda kanthu. Mphamvu ya chithandizo imafika 95%, kuti tichotsere tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tikulimbikitsidwa kubwereza maphunzirowo patatha masiku 14.
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa akuluakulu ndi ana a zaka zitatu, zotsatira zake sizimatchulidwa kwambiri, kumasuka kwa chopondapo kapena matumbo am'mimba ndizotheka. Panthawi ya chithandizo, kutsatira mosamalitsa malamulo aukhondo ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kuyambiranso.
3. Pyrantel
Mankhwalawa amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi ndi zoyimitsidwa, zoperekedwa ndi mankhwala. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwalawa ndi pyrantel, zogwira mtima motsutsana ndi zozungulira ndi flatworms. Ili ndi mphamvu yofulumira komanso yodziwika bwino, njira ya chithandizo ndi masiku 1 mpaka 3. Pambuyo pa masabata a 2 - 3, muyenera kubwereza mankhwalawo kuti muwononge tizilombo totsalira, zomwe pofika nthawi ya mlingo woyamba sizingakhale zisanaswe mazira.
Mankhwalawa amalekerera bwino, zotsatira zake pa gawo la chimbudzi ndizochepa. Amatengedwa mukatha kudya, safuna mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba kapena enemas, tinene kwa ana azaka zitatu. Komabe, mlingo wa mankhwalawa uyenera kuwerengedwa mosamalitsa malinga ndi kulemera kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake pangakhale zovuta kugawa piritsi. Mankhwalawa amaletsedwa kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena anthelmintic, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa poizoni ndikotheka.
4. Vermox
Mankhwala amapangidwa m'mapiritsi okha, chinthu chogwira ntchito ndi mebendazole, chimagulitsidwa kokha ndi mankhwala. Zimagwira ntchito mu lumen ya m'mimba popanda kukhudza makoma ake; amachotsedwa mu chopondapo ndipo pafupifupi 10% ndi impso. Amasonyezedwa zochizira ana a zaka 3 ndi akuluakulu, ndi yogwira motsutsana roundworms ndi nematodes, cestodes. Mosiyana ndi mankhwala ena ambiri, izo linalake ndipo tikulephera ntchito ya onse akuluakulu majeremusi ndi mphutsi, koma sizimakhudza tiziromboti mazira.
Mapiritsi a 2-4 amatengedwa nthawi imodzi, kutengera kulemera kwa thupi, nthawi ya chithandizo ndi masiku atatu, kotero kuti pangafunike kupitilira paketi imodzi. Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, zakudya zamafuta, mowa ndi mankhwala otsekemera amayenera kupewedwa. Iwo akhoza kuonjezera kawopsedwe ndi zotsatira za mankhwala.
5. Decaris
Likupezeka mapiritsi awiri Mlingo, kumasulidwa mosamalitsa ndi mankhwala. Zomwe zimagwira ndi levamisole, zimagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi nyongolotsi, pinworms ndi hookworms. Mankhwalawa ndi ovomerezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi akuluakulu ndi ana opitirira zaka 3, kwa iwo pali mitundu ya lozenges ndi makapisozi. Ndikofunika kumeza mankhwala onse, popanda kutafuna kapena kugawaniza piritsi.
Imwani mankhwala kamodzi, nthawi yomweyo lonse mlingo, mobwerezabwereza makonzedwe tikulimbikitsidwa pambuyo 1-2 milungu kulimbikitsa zotsatira. Ndizowopsa chifukwa chifukwa cha zowonjezera zipatso zimatha kuyambitsa ziwengo, zina zoyipa ndizosowa.
Momwe mungasankhire mapiritsi kuchokera ku nyongolotsi kwa munthu
Mankhwala onse olimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kupatulapo kawirikawiri, ndi mankhwala opangira. Kukonzekera kwa zitsamba sikuthandiza ndipo nthawi zambiri sikungaphe mphutsi zonse m'matumbo kapena m'matumbo. Mfundo ya zochita za mankhwala anthelmintic ndi osiyana, iwo amakhudza njira zosiyanasiyana zofunika mphutsi kapena mphutsi. Potengera izi, adotolo akazindikira majeremusi m'thupi, amasankha mapiritsi abwino kwambiri a nyongolotsi kwa anthu.
Pali gulu la mankhwala omwe:
- kusokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa matumbo a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuyambitsa imfa yawo;
- kuyambitsa kutsekeka kwa mayamwidwe a zakudya, makamaka shuga;
- kukhala ndi ziwalo komanso kusokoneza kagayidwe ka maselo a tizilombo;
- kuletsa mantha dongosolo la mphutsi, kuchititsa ziwalo zawo ndi excretion ku thupi;
- kuphatikiza kumatanthauza kuti kuphatikiza zotsatira zingapo nthawi imodzi.
Zofunika! Mankhwala onse motsutsana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amasankhidwa ndi dokotala yekha. Mankhwalawa ndi oopsa, mlingo wawo uyenera kuwerengedwa pa kulemera kwa thupi, ndipo chithandizo chowonjezera chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti tipewe zovuta. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pamene mphutsi zambiri zimachotsedwa nthawi imodzi.
Kuonjezera apo, mankhwala ena ali ndi machitidwe awoawo - ena amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mphutsi zozungulira, ena kuchokera ku flatworms kapena tapeworms. Palibe mankhwala onse komanso otetezeka omwe angakhale othandiza pa nyongolotsi zonse zodziwika.
Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka
Tinafunsa mafunso okhudza kusankha mankhwala motsutsana ndi helminths wazamankhwala, mphunzitsi wa pharmacology, mkonzi wamkulu wa MedCorr Olga Zorina.