Incisor (yochokera ku mawu akuti incision, kuchokera ku Chilatini The chocheka, incise) ndi mtundu wa dzino, lomwe lili m'kamwa ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito podula chakudya.

Mano aumunthu ali ndi ma incisors asanu ndi atatu omwe amagawidwa motere:

• Ma incisors awiri apamwamba chapakati
• Ma incisors awiri apamwamba
• Ma incisors awiri apakati
• Ma incisors awiri am'munsi

Amapanga zipilala zamano zomwe zili kutsogolo kwa maxilla ndi mandible, zomwe zimayenderana ndi nsagwada zapamwamba ndi zapansi.

Ma incisors ndi mano oyamba ooneka ndi kukhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakukongoletsa kwa mano. Ndiwo amene ali patsogolo pa zowawa zakuthupi zaubwana.

Mawu oti “mano achimwemwe” amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza mtunda wa pakati pa ma incisors apakati apakati. Mtunda uwu umatchedwa "diastema".

Ma incisors apakati ndi apansi nthawi zambiri amakhala ofanana.

Ili m'kamwa ndi m'mphepete mwa mano, pali canines 4, zomwe zimagawidwa motere:

• ma canines awiri apamwamba, omwe ali mbali zonse za incisors zapamwamba
• canines awiri m'munsi, ili mbali zonse za incisors m'munsi.

Canines ndi mano akuthwa okhala ndi mbali ziwiri zakuthwa. Chifukwa cha izi komanso mawonekedwe awo osongoka, ma canine amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphwanya zakudya zolimba ngati nyama. Ndi dzino losiyana ndi mano ena kuyambira chiyambi cha mzere wa mammalian.

Nyama zonse zili ndi ng'ombe yamphongo yokhazikika, koma kholo lomwe limapezeka m'mabanja onse a nyama zolusa, Miacis, nyama yaing'ono ya zaka 60 miliyoni, inali ndi mano 44 ndi canines zomwe sizinapangidwe bwino.

Mano amenewa nthawi zina amatchedwa “mano a m’diso” chifukwa mizu yawo yaitali kwambiri imafika m’dera la diso. Ichi ndichifukwa chake matenda omwe amapezeka m'matumbo apamwamba nthawi zina amatha kufalikira kudera la orbital.

The premolar (molar, kuchokera ku Latin molaris, yochokera ku mwala, kutanthauza kuti grinding wheel) ndi mtundu wa dzino lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popera chakudya.

Ma premolars amayikidwa pakati pa canines, yomwe ili kutsogolo kwa mano, ndi molars, yomwe ili kumbuyo. Mano aumunthu ali ndi ma premolars asanu ndi atatu okhazikika omwe amagawidwa motere:

• anayi chapamwamba premolars, awiri amene ali pa chapamwamba theka nsagwada.
• ma premolars anayi m'munsi, awiri omwe ali pa nsagwada iliyonse ya m'munsi.

Ma premolars ndi mano owoneka ngati cubic pang'ono, kupanga korona nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma tubercles awiri ozungulira.

Molar (kuchokera ku Latin molaris, yochokera ku mwala, kutanthauza kuti grinding wheel) ndi mtundu wa dzino lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popera chakudya.

Zokhala m'kamwa, ma molars amapanga mano am'mbuyo kwambiri pamphuno ya mano. Mano amunthu ali ndi ma molars 12 okhazikika omwe amagawidwa motere:

• zisanu chapamwamba molars, atatu amene ali pa chapamwamba theka nsagwada ndi kutsatira chapamwamba premolars.
• zisanu m'munsi molars, atatu amene ali pa m'munsi nsagwada iliyonse m'munsi ndi kutsatira premolars m'munsi.

Chachitatu molars, otchedwa mano anzeru, kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala magwero a mavuto ndi ululu. Makamaka, amatha kuyambitsa matenda kapena kusamuka kwa mano.

Apa pali zokhudza thupi kuphulika ndandanda mano okhazikika

Mano otsika

- Miyezo yoyamba: zaka 6 mpaka 7

- Ma incisors apakati: zaka 6 mpaka 7

- Lateral incisors: 7 mpaka 8 zaka

- Canines: wazaka 9 mpaka 10.

- Ma premolars oyamba: zaka 10 mpaka 12.

- Ma premolars achiwiri: 11 mpaka 12 wazaka.

- Molars yachiwiri: zaka 11 mpaka 13.

- Chachitatu molars (mano anzeru): zaka 17 mpaka 23.

Mano okwera

- Miyezo yoyamba: zaka 6 mpaka 7

- Ma incisors apakati: zaka 7 mpaka 8

- Lateral incisors: 8 mpaka 9 zaka

- Ma premolars oyamba: zaka 10 mpaka 12.

- Ma premolars achiwiri: 10 mpaka 12 wazaka.

- Canines: wazaka 11 mpaka 12.

- Molars yachiwiri: zaka 12 mpaka 13.

- Chachitatu molars (mano anzeru): zaka 17 mpaka 23.