Zigawo ziwiri zimapanga dongosolo lathu lamanjenje, dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha ndi autonomic kapena vegetative nervous system.

Dongosolo lamanjenje la autonomic, lomwe limayang'anira machitidwe onse amthupi omwe amangochitika okha, amagawidwa m'magulu awiri omwe ali ndi zochita zotsutsana: dongosolo lamanjenje la parasympathetic ndi dongosolo lamanjenje lachifundo. Amayang'anira zovuta za kupsinjika ndi kumasuka pathupi lathu. 

Gulu lamanjenje la parasympathetic limayang'anira ntchito zodziyimira pawokha za thupi, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito amthupi.

Zochita za dongosolo lamanjenje la parasympathetic limatsutsana ndi dongosolo lachifundo posamalira kuchepetsa ntchito za chamoyo kuti apulumutse mphamvu.

Dongosolo la parasympathetic limagwira ntchito makamaka pa chimbudzi, kukula, kuyankha kwa chitetezo chamthupi, nkhokwe zamphamvu.

mtima

• Kuchedwetsa kwa mtima ndi kupuma ndi mphamvu ya kugunda kwa atria;
• Kutsika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi vasodilation.

mapapo

• Kuphulika kwa bronchial ndi kutuluka kwa ntchofu.

M'mimba thirakiti

• Kuwonjezeka kwa luso lamagalimoto;
• Kupumula kwa sphincters;
• Kukondoweza kwa digestive secretions.

Chikhodzodzo

• Kutsika.

Wophunzira

• Myosis (chiwopsezo cha pupillaire).

Amitundu

• Erection.

zipatso zokwana

• Kutuluka kwa malovu ndi thukuta zopangitsa thukuta;
• Exocrine kapamba: kukondoweza kwa katulutsidwe;
• Endocrine kapamba: kukondoweza kwa insulin katulutsidwe komanso kuletsa katulutsidwe ka glucagon.

Mitsempha ya pneumogastric ndi mitsempha ya cranial yomwe imatsika pa thorax ndikulowa pamimba. Mitsempha imeneyi imagwira ntchito chifukwa cha neurotransmitter yotchedwa acetylcholine, yomwe imagwira ntchito zonse zomwe zimakhudzidwa. Ndi chinthu ichi chomwe chimayambitsa parasympathetic zotsatira.

Dongosolo lachifundo ndi dongosolo la parasympathetic limatha kuwongolera ziwalo zambiri, komanso:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi ;
• kugunda kwa mtima;
• kutentha kwa thupi;
• kulemera, chimbudzi;
• metabolism;
• madzi ndi electrolyte bwino;
• thukuta;
• kukodza;
• kuchimbudzi;
• kuyankha pogonana ndi njira zina.

Tiyenera kukhala tcheru chifukwa ntchitozo zikhoza kukhala zofanana: kuwonjezereka kwa dongosolo lachifundo kumawonjezera kugunda kwa mtima; parasympathetic imachepa.

Kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje la autonomic kumayambitsa zovuta kapena kulephera kwa vegetative komwe kumasintha minyewa yodziyimira payokha kapena mbali zaubongo zomwe zimatha kukhudza dongosolo lililonse m'thupi.

Nthawi zambiri, machitidwe awiriwa amakhala okhazikika ndipo malingana ndi zosowa, ntchito yawo imasinthidwa nthawi zonse. Machitidwe awiriwa ali chete: amagwira ntchito popanda chidziwitso chathu modzilamulira kwathunthu. Chilengedwe chikasintha mwadzidzidzi kapena chochitika chosayembekezereka chikachitika, chimodzi kapena chinacho chimakhala chochulukira kutengera momwe zinthu zilili komanso zomwe zimachitikazo zitha kuwoneka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a autonomic ndi:

• Matenda a shuga (chifukwa chofala kwambiri);
• Matenda a zotumphukira mitsempha;
• Kukalamba;
• Matenda a Parkinson.

Matenda a zamasamba amachiritsidwa kawirikawiri chifukwa cha chifukwa chake, ngati chifukwa chake sichipezeka kapena sichingachiritsidwe, chithandizo chidzayang'ana kuthetsa zizindikirozo.

• Kuchepetsa kapena kusatuluka thukuta: kupeŵa malo otentha ndikothandiza, ngati thukuta likuchepa kapena kulibe;
• Kusunga mkodzo: ngati chikhodzodzo sichingagwirizane bwino, catheter ikhoza kuperekedwa;
• Kudzimbidwa: Zakudya zamafuta ambiri zimalimbikitsidwa. Ngati kudzimbidwa kukupitilira, ma enemas angafunike.

Mayeso azachipatala

• Yang'anani zizindikiro za kusokonezeka kwadzidzidzi, monga postural hypotension (kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuyeza kugunda kwa mtima, electrocardiography: kuti mudziwe ngati kusintha kwa mtima kumakhala kozolowereka panthawi yopuma kwambiri komanso kayendetsedwe ka Valsalva;
•  fufuzani ophunzira kuti aone ngati ali ndi mayankho olakwika kapena kusowa kuyankha pakusintha kwa kuwala;
•  kuyeza m'maso: mwana wofutukuka, wosachita chidwi akuwonetsa zilonda za parasympathetic;
•  genitourinary and rectal reflexes: Kusokonezeka kwa genitourinary ndi rectal reflexes kungasonyeze zolakwika mu dongosolo lamanjenje la autonomic.

Mayeso owonjezera

• Mayeso a thukuta: Zotupa za thukuta zimalimbikitsidwa ndi ma electrode omwe amadzazidwa ndi acetylcholine ndikuyikidwa pamiyendo ndi pamphumi. Kuchuluka kwa thukuta kumayesedwa kuti adziwe ngati kutuluka kwa thukuta kuli koyenera;
• Kupendekeka kwa tebulo: onani kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima pakusintha kwa malo;
• Dziwani momwe kuthamanga kwa magazi kumasinthira pakuyenda kwa Valsalva (yesani kukakamiza kutulutsa mpweya popanda kulola kuti mpweya udutse pamphuno kapena pakamwa, mofanana ndi kuchitapo kanthu panthawi ya matumbo).