Chipembere chakuda (Chroogomphus rutilus)

Zadongosolo:
  • Gawo: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
  • Kugawikana: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
  • Kalasi: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
  • Kagulu: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
  • Order: Boletales (Boletales)
  • Banja: Gomphidiaceae (Gomphidiaceae kapena Mokrukhovye)
  • Mtundu: Chroogomphus (Chroogomphus)
  • Type: Chroogomphus rutilus (Canada)
  • Mtengo wa pine
  • Mtundu wa mucous
  • Mokruha chonyezimira
  • Mokruha purple
  • Mokruha yellow-legged
  • Gomphidius viscidus
  • Gomphidius wofiira

mutu: 2-12 masentimita m'mimba mwake, unyamata wozungulira, wotukuka, nthawi zambiri wokhala ndi tubercle yowoneka bwino pakati. Ndi kukula, imawongoka, imakhala pafupifupi yathyathyathya komanso ngakhale ndi m'mphepete mwake, tubercle yapakati, monga lamulo, imakhalabe, ngakhale kuti imatchulidwa mochepa. Khungu la kapu ndi losalala ndipo limasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku chikasu kupita ku lalanje, mkuwa, wofiira, purplish wofiira kapena wofiira bulauni, nthawi zambiri imakhala yakuda pamene ikukhwima. Pamwamba pa kapu ndi slimy ali wamng'ono, nyengo yamvula imakhala yonyowa komanso yonyezimira mu bowa wamkulu. Koma musaganize kuti "mokruha" nthawi zonse imakhala yonyowa. Mu nyengo youma kapena maola angapo mutakolola, zisoti zimauma, zimakhala zowuma, zonyezimira kapena zosalala, zokondweretsa kukhudza.

mbale: yotsika kwambiri, yocheperako, yotambasuka, nthawi zina yanthambi, yokhala ndi masamba ochepa. Mosavuta olekanitsidwa ndi chipewa. Mu mokruha wachinyamata wofiirira, mbalezo zimakutidwa kwathunthu ndi chophimba cha mucous chamtundu wa lilac-bulauni. Mtundu wa mbalezo poyamba umakhala wachikasu, kenako umakhala wotuwa-sinamoni, ndipo pamene spores amakhwima, amakhala akuda, a bulauni-wakuda.

Mokruha wofiirira, monga mitundu ina yambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi hypomyces, ndiyeno mbale zake zimatengera mawonekedwe awa.

mwendoKutalika: 3,5-12 cm (mpaka 18), mpaka 2,5 cm mulifupi. Pakatikati, cylindrical, yunifolomu yochulukirapo kapena yocheperako, yolowera m'munsi. Nthawi zambiri amapotozedwa.

Pa mwendo, "gawo la annular" limawoneka bwino nthawi zonse - chotsatira chochokera ku cobweb-mucous bedspread. Iyi si "mphete" kapena "skirt", iyi ndi njira yonyansa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakumbutsa zotsalira za chivundikiro cha uta, monga ma cobwebs ali nawo. Mtundu wa tsinde pamwamba pa annular zone ndi wopepuka, kuchokera ku chikasu kupita ku lalanje wotumbululuka, pamwamba pake ndi yosalala. Pansi pa annular zone, tsinde, monga lamulo, limakula pang'ono koma mwamphamvu, mtunduwo umakhala wakuda kwambiri, wofanana ndi kapu, nthawi zina umakhala ndi ulusi wowoneka bwino walalanje kapena wofiyira.

Pulp: Chipewacho chimakhala chopinki, chotuwa mu tsinde, chokhala ndi utoto wofiirira, wachikasu m'munsi mwa tsinde.

Ikatenthedwa (mwachitsanzo, ikawiritsa), ndipo nthawi zina itangoviika, zamkati za mokruha wofiirira zimapeza mtundu wosaiwalika wa "wofiirira".

Mawormholes akale amathanso kuyimilira motsutsana ndi thupi la pinki lachikasu.

Kununkhira ndi kukoma: Yofewa, yopanda mawonekedwe.

Mokrukha wofiirira amapanga mycorrhiza ndi mitengo ya coniferous, makamaka paini, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi larch ndi mikungudza. Pali maumboni omwe amatha kukula popanda conifers, ndi birch. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, Chroogomphus rutilus parasitizes pa bowa wamtundu wa Suillus (Oiler) - ndipo izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake mokruha amamera kumene agulugufe amamera.

Mokruha wofiirira amakula kuyambira koyambirira kwa Ogasiti mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala m'nkhalango za paini komanso m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi paini. Ikhoza kukula m'nkhalango zakale ndi zomera zazing'ono, m'mphepete mwa misewu ya m'nkhalango ndi m'mphepete. Nthawi zambiri moyandikana ndi mbale wamba batala. Zimachitika paokha kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.

Chochititsa chidwi:

Mokruha purple - mitundu yomwe imapezeka ku Europe ndi Asia.

Ku North America, mitundu ina imakula, kunja pafupifupi yosadziwika ndi Chroogomphus rutilus. Ichi ndi Chroogomphus ochraceus, kusiyana komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyesa kwa DNA (Orson Miller, 2003, 2006). Chifukwa chake, Chroogomphus rutilus pakumvetsetsa kwa olemba aku North America ndi ofanana ndi Chroogomphus ochraceus.

Pa msinkhu wolemekezeka, komanso nyengo yamvula, mokruhas onse amafanana.

Spruce mokruha (Gomphidius glutinosus)

Imakula, monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira, ndi spruce, imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa bluish wa kapu ndi kuwala, mwendo woyera. Pansi pa mwendo ndi chikasu chowoneka bwino, mu odulidwa, mnofu m'munsi mwa mwendo ndi wachikasu, ngakhale mu bowa wokhwima bwino.

Mokruha pinki (Gomphidius roseus)

Zowoneka kawirikawiri. Imasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi Chroogomphus rutilus ndi chipewa chowala cha pinki ndi chopepuka, mbale zoyera, zomwe zimakhala zotuwa, zotuwa ndi ukalamba, pomwe Mokruha wofiirira amakhala ndi kamvekedwe kofiirira.

Bowa wabwinobwino. Kuphika kusanachitike ndikofunikira, pambuyo pake mokruha wofiirira akhoza yokazinga kapena kuzifutsa. Ndikoyenera kuchotsa khungu ku kapu.

Zithunzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nkhaniyi komanso muzithunzi: Alexander Kozlovskikh ndi mafunso ovomerezeka.

Siyani Mumakonda