Le kukhudza achire ndi njira yomwe imakumbukira machitidwe akale akusanjika kwa manja, popanda tanthauzo lachipembedzo komabe. Ichi mwina ndi chimodzi mwanjira za mphamvu ophunziridwa mwasayansi kwambiri ndi olembedwa. Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana amakonda kuwonetsa mphamvu zake pochepetsa nkhawa, ululu, ndi zotsatirapo zapambuyo pa opaleshoni ndi chemotherapy, mwachitsanzo.

Njirayi imavomerezedwanso ndi mabungwe ambiri aanamwino kuphatikizapo Order of Nurses of Quebec (OIIQ), Nurses of the Order of Victoria (VON Canada) ndi American Nurses Association. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ambiri zipatala ndipo amaphunzitsidwa m'mayunivesite ndi makoleji opitilira 100, m'maiko 75 padziko lonse lapansi¹.

Ngakhale dzina lake, the kukhudza achire nthawi zambiri sichimakhudza mwachindunji. Dokotala nthawi zambiri amasunga manja ake pafupifupi masentimita khumi kuchokera pathupi la wodwala yemwe amakhalabe atavala. Kukhudza kwachirendo kumatenga mphindi 10 mpaka 30 ndipo nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu magawo asanu:

• Dokotala amadziika yekha mkati.
• Pogwiritsa ntchito manja ake, amawunika momwe mphamvu ya wolandirayo ikuyendera.
• Amasesa ndi kusuntha kwakukulu kwa manja kuti athetse kuchulukana kwa mphamvu.
• Imagwirizanitsanso gawo lamphamvu powonetsa malingaliro, mawu kapena mitundu mkati mwake.
• Potsirizira pake, imawunikiranso ubwino wa gawo la mphamvu.

Othandizira ochiritsa amafotokozera kuti thupi, malingaliro ndi malingaliro ndi gawo la a gawo la mphamvu zovuta komanso zosunthika, zenizeni kwa munthu aliyense, zomwe zingakhale kuchuluka kwachilengedwe. Ngati munda uwu uli mkati mgwirizanondi thanzi; kusokonezedwa ndi matenda.

Kukhudza achire kungalole, chifukwa a kutumiza mphamvu, kukonzanso gawo la mphamvu ndikulimbikitsa thanzi. Malinga ndi otsutsa Njirayi, kukhalapo kwenikweni kwa "munda wa mphamvu" sikunatsimikizidwe mwasayansi ndipo phindu la kukhudza kwachirengedwe liyenera kukhala chifukwa cha kuyankha. maganizo zabwino kapena zotsatira zake placebo².

Kuonjezera mkangano, malinga ndi okhulupirira za kukhudza kwachirengedwe, chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo chamankhwala chingakhale khalidwe lachirengedwe. pakati, wacholinga ndi chifundo wa wokamba nkhani; zomwe, ziyenera kuvomerezedwa, sizosavuta kuziyesa zamankhwala ...

Le kukhudza achire linapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi "mchiritsi," Dora Kunz, ndi Dolores Krieger, Ph.D., namwino ndi pulofesa pa yunivesite ya New York. Adagwirizana ndi asing'anga odziwa za ziwengo ndi chitetezo chamthupi, neuropsychiatry komanso ofufuza, kuphatikiza katswiri wa zamankhwala ku Montreal Bernard Grad wa Allen Memorial Institute ku McGill University. Uyu adachita kafukufuku wambiri pakusintha komwe asing'anga amatha kupanga, makamaka pa mabakiteriya, yisiti, mbewa ndi makoswe aku labotale.^3,4.

Pamene idalengedwa koyamba, kukhudza kwachirendo kunakhala kotchuka ndi anamwino chifukwa cha iwo kukhudzana mwayi ndi anthu ovutika, chidziwitso chawo cha matupi anthu ndi awo chifundo zachilengedwe. Kuyambira pamenepo, mwina chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake (mutha kuphunzira njira yoyambira masiku atatu), kukhudza kwachirendo kwafalikira pakati pa anthu ambiri. Mu 3, Dolores Krieger adayambitsa Nurse Healers - Professional Associates International (NH-PAI)⁵ zomwe zimagwirabe ntchito masiku ano.

Mayesero angapo osankhidwa mwachisawawa adawunika zotsatira za kukhudza achire pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Ma meta-analysis awiri, omwe adasindikizidwa mu 1999^6,7, ndi ndemanga zingapo mwadongosolo^8-12 , yofalitsidwa mpaka 2009, yatha kuthekera kotheka. Komabe, olemba kafukufuku ambiri amawonetsa zosiyana kuvutika methodological, maphunziro ochepa olamuliridwa bwino omwe adasindikizidwa komanso zovuta kufotokoza momwe ntchito yochizira imagwirira ntchito. Amaganiza kuti sizingatheke panthawiyi ya kafukufukuyu kutsimikizira motsimikiza kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chikugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti mayesero ena olamulidwa bwino adzafunika.

 Pewani nkhawa. Pobwezeretsanso malo opangira mphamvu ndikupangitsa kuti mukhale omasuka, kukhudza kochiritsira kungathandize kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino pochepetsa nkhawa.^13,14. Zotsatira za mayesero angapo achipatala awonetsa kuti, poyerekeza ndi gulu lolamulira kapena gulu la placebo, magawo okhudza chithandizo chamankhwala anali othandiza kuchepetsa nkhawa mwa amayi apakati. oledzera¹⁵, okalamba okhazikika¹⁶, odwala wamisala¹⁷, chachikulu yotentha¹⁸, kuchokera kwa odwala mpaka kusamalira kwambiri¹⁹ ndi ana omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV²⁰.

Kumbali inayi, palibe phindu lomwe lidawonedwa mu kafukufuku wina wachipatala wowunika momwe chithandizo chamankhwala chikugwirira ntchito pochepetsa ululu ndi nkhawa mwa amayi omwe amayenera kukumana. biopsy inu m'mawere²¹.

Mayesero awiri osasinthika adawunikiranso zotsatira za kukhudza achire m'maphunziro athanzi. Mayesowa akuwonetsa zotsatira zotsutsana. Zotsatira za woyamba²² zikuwonetsa kuti magawo okhudza kuchiza omwe ali ndi akatswiri azaumoyo 40 komanso ophunzira alibe zotsatira zabwinonkhawa poyankha nthawi yovuta (mayeso, kuwonetsera pakamwa, etc.) poyerekeza ndi gulu lolamulira. Komabe, kukula kwachitsanzo chaching'ono cha mayeserowa kukhoza kuchepetsa mwayi wozindikira zotsatira zazikulu za kukhudza kwachirengedwe. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, zotsatira za mayeso achiwiri²³ (Amayi athanzi 41 azaka zapakati pa 30 mpaka 64) amawonetsa zotsatira zabwino. Poyerekeza ndi gulu lolamulira, akazi mu gulu loyesera anali ndi kuchepa kwa nkhawa ndi kukangana.

 Kupititsa patsogolo umoyo wa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa. Mu 2008, odwala 90 m'chipatala kuti athandizidwe mankhwala amphamvu analandira, kwa masiku 5, tsiku ndi tsiku mankhwala achire kukhudza²⁴. Azimayiwa adagawidwa mwachisawawa m'magulu a 3: kukhudza kwachirengedwe, placebo (kutsanzira kukhudza) ndi gulu lolamulira (njira zachizolowezi). Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chogwiritsidwa ntchito mu gulu loyesera chinali chothandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa ululu ndi kutopa poyerekeza ndi magulu ena awiri.

Mayesero a gulu lolamulira omwe adasindikizidwa mu 1998 adawunikira zotsatira za kukhudza achire mwa anthu 20 azaka 38 mpaka 68 omwe ali ndi khansa yomaliza²⁵. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti njira zochizira zogwira mtima zomwe zimatha mphindi 15 mpaka 20 zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa masiku 4 motsatizana zidapangitsa kuti kumva bwino kwa thupi kukhale kwabwino. ubwino. Panthawiyi, odwala omwe ali mu gulu lolamulira adawona kuchepa kwa moyo wawo.

Chiyeso china chosasinthika chinayerekeza zotsatira za kukhudza kwachirengedwe ndi kutikita minofu ya ku Sweden panthawi ya kuyika mafupa m'mitu 88 ndi khansa²⁶. Odwalawo adalandira chithandizo chamankhwala kapena kutikita minofu masiku atatu aliwonse kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto kwa chithandizo chawo. Mitu ya gulu loyang'anira idachezeredwa ndi munthu wodzipereka kuti achite nawo zokambirana zaubwenzi. Odwala omwe ali m'magulu ochiritsira komanso kutikita minofu adanena kuti a chitonthozo chapamwamba panthawi yomuika, poyerekeza ndi omwe ali mu gulu lolamulira. Komabe, palibe kusiyana komwe kunawonedwa pakati pa magulu a 3 ponena za zovuta zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

 Kuchepetsa ululu wokhudzana ndi opaleshoni kapena chithandizo chopweteka kwa odwala omwe ali m'chipatala. Pakupangitsa kuti mukhale ndi chitonthozo komanso kumasuka, kukhudza kochizira kumatha kukhala njira yolumikizirana ndi chithandizo chamankhwala wamba kuti muchepetse ululu wa odwala omwe ali m'chipatala.^27,28. Mayesero oyendetsedwa bwino omwe adasindikizidwa mu 1993 adapereka imodzi mwamaubwino okhudza chithandizo chamankhwala m'derali.²⁹. Mlanduwu unakhudza odwala 108 omwe adadwala opaleshoni opaleshoni yaikulu ya m'mimba kapena m'chiuno. Kuchepetsa mu kupweteka pambuyo pa opaleshoni adawonedwa mwa odwala omwe ali ndi "mankhwala ochiritsira" (13%) ndi "mankhwala okhazikika a analgesic" (42%), koma palibe kusintha komwe kunawonedwa mwa odwala omwe ali mu gulu la placebo. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti kukhudza kwamankhwala kumatalikitsa nthawi yayitali pakati pa Mlingo wamankhwala oletsa ululu omwe odwala amafunsidwa poyerekeza ndi omwe ali mgulu la placebo.

Mu 2008, kafukufuku adawonetsa kukhudza kwamankhwala kwa odwala omwe akudwala kwa nthawi yoyamba. kudutsa mitima³⁰. Maphunzirowa adagawidwa m'magulu a 3: chithandizo chamankhwala, maulendo ochezeka komanso chisamaliro chokhazikika. Odwala omwe ali m'gulu lachipatala adawonetsa kuchepa kwa nkhawa komanso kukhala m'chipatala kwakanthawi kochepa kuposa omwe ali m'magulu ena a 2. Kumbali inayi, palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zochitika za vuto la mtima wamtima pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

Zotsatira za kuyesa kwina kosasinthika kwa 99 kuyaka kwakukulu Odwala omwe ali m'chipatala adawonetsa kuti, poyerekeza ndi gulu la placebo, magawo ochiritsira ochizira anali othandiza pakuchepetsa ululu¹⁸. Komabe, palibe kusiyana komwe kunawonedwa pakati pa magulu a 2 ponena za kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zotsatirazi sizimatilola kuti tilimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochiritsira okha kuti achepetse ululu wotsatira. Koma amawonetsa kuti kuphatikiza ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika, zingathandize kuchepetsa ululu kapena kuchepetsa kumwa mankhwala. Mankhwala.

 Kuchepetsa ululu wokhudzana ndi nyamakazi ndi osteoarthritis. Mayesero awiri azachipatala adayesa zotsatira za kukhudza achire motsutsana ndi ululu womwe umawonedwa ndi anthu omwe akudwala nyamakazi ndi osteoarthritis. Choyamba, okhudza anthu 31 ndi nyamakazi ya bondo, kuchepetsa mlingo wa ululu ankaona mu nkhani achire kukhudza gulu poyerekeza ndi nkhani mu placebo ndi kulamulira magulu.³¹. M'mayesero ena, zotsatira za kukhudza kwachirengedwe ndi kupumula kwa minofu pang'onopang'ono kunayesedwa mu maphunziro a 82 omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka.³². Ngakhale kuti mankhwala onsewa anachititsa kuti ululu ukhale wochepa, kuchepa kumeneku kunali kokulirapo pankhani ya kupumula kwapang'onopang'ono kwa minofu, kusonyeza kuti njirayi ikugwira bwino ntchito.

 Chepetsani zizindikiro za odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la dementia monga matenda a Alzheimer's. Mayesero ang'onoang'ono pomwe phunziro lililonse linali lodzilamulira okha, lochitidwa ndi anthu a 10 azaka zapakati pa 71 mpaka 84 omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's apakati kapena aakulu.³³ linasindikizidwa mu 2002. Anthu analandira 5-7 mphindi achire kukhudza mankhwala, 2 pa tsiku, kwa masiku atatu. Zotsatira zimasonyeza kuchepa kwa chikhalidwe chakusokonezeka maphunziro, vuto la khalidwe lomwe limawoneka panthawiyi maganizo.

Kuyesa kwina kosasinthika, kuphatikiza magulu a 3 (kukhudza kwamankhwala kwa mphindi 30 patsiku kwa masiku 5, placebo ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika), kunachitika pa anthu 51 azaka zopitilira 65 omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's komanso akuvutika ndi zizindikiro zamakhalidwe. matenda a dementia³⁴. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti kukhudza kochizira kunapangitsa kuchepa kwa zizindikiro zosachita zaukali za dementia, poyerekeza ndi placebo ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika. Komabe, palibe kusiyana komwe kunawonedwa pakati pa magulu a 3 ponena za nkhanza zakuthupi ndi chipwirikiti chapakamwa. Mu 2009, zotsatira za kafukufuku wina zidatsimikizira zomwe zapezazi powonetsa kuti kukhudza kochizira kumatha kukhala kothandiza pakuwongolera zizindikiro monga.kusokonezeka ndi nkhawa³⁵.

 Kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa mutu. Chiyeso chimodzi chokha chachipatala chofufuza zizindikiro za mutu chasindikizidwa^36,37. Kuyesa kosasinthika kumeneku, komwe kumakhudza anthu 60 azaka zapakati pa 18 mpaka 59 ndipo akuvutika kumutu kwa mutu, poyerekeza zotsatira za gawo la kukhudza achire kupita ku gawo la placebo. Ululu unachepetsedwa kokha mu maphunziro omwe ali mu gulu loyesera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepetsa uku kunasungidwa kwa maola 4 otsatira.

 Limbikitsani kuchira kwa bala. Kukhudza kochiritsira kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zingapo kuti kuchiritse mabala, koma ndi maphunziro ochepa oyendetsedwa bwino omwe achitika. Ndemanga mwadongosolo yomwe idasindikizidwa mu 2004 idawunikira mayeso anayi achipatala osasinthika, onse ndi wolemba yemweyo, pankhaniyi.³⁸. Mayeserowa, kuphatikizapo okwana 121, adanena zotsutsana. Awiri mwa mayeserowa adawonetsa zotsatira zokomera chithandizo chamankhwala, koma ena awiri adapereka zotsatira zosiyana. Choncho, olemba a kaphatikizidwewo adatsimikiza kuti palibe umboni weniweni wa sayansi wokhudza kugwira ntchito kwachipatala pa machiritso a zilonda.

 Thandizani kuchiza kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Chiyeso chimodzi chokha chachipatala chomwe chasindikizidwa pankhaniyi (mu 2006)³⁹. M'mayeserowa, okhudza ophunzira a 92 omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, maphunzirowa adagawidwa m'magulu a 3: kukhudza kwachirengedwe (3 nthawi 15 mpaka mphindi 20 patsiku, masiku 3 mosiyana), placebo kapena palibe. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kukwera kwa mitengo yahemogulobini ndi magazi zambiri m'nkhani za gulu loyesera monga za gulu la placebo, mosiyana ndi gulu lolamulira. Komabe, kuwonjezeka kwa hemoglobini kunali kwakukulu m'gulu lachirengedwe lachipatala kusiyana ndi gulu la placebo. Zotsatira zoyambirirazi zikuwonetsa kuti kukhudza kochizira kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, koma maphunziro owonjezera adzayenera kutsimikizira izi.

 Chepetsani ululu wosatha. Kafukufuku woyendetsa ndege wofalitsidwa mu 2002 anayerekezera zotsatira za kuwonjezera chithandizo chamankhwala ku chithandizo chamaganizo chomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa anthu 12 omwe ali ndi ululu wosatha.⁴⁰. Ngakhale zoyambira, zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti kukhudza kochizira kumatha kupititsa patsogolo luso lamankhwala. zosangalatsa kuchepetsa ululu wosatha.

 Thandizani kuthetsa zizindikiro za fibromyalgia. Kafukufuku woyendetsedwa woyendetsa ndege wofalitsidwa mu 2004, wokhudza anthu 15, adawunika momwe kukhudzidwira kumathandizira.⁴¹ pa zizindikiro za fibromyalgia. Omwe adalandira chithandizo chamankhwala okhudza kukhudza adawonetsa kusintha ululu kumva ndi khalidwe la moyo. Komabe, kusintha kofananirako kudanenedwa ndi anthu omwe ali mugulu lolamulira. Choncho mayesero ena adzafunika kuti athe kuwunika momwe njirayo ikuyendera.

Le kukhudza achire imachitidwa makamaka ndi anamwino m'zipatala, malo osamalira anthu kwa nthawi yaitali, malo otsitsimula ndi nyumba za anthu akuluakulu. ena Therapists amaperekanso chithandizo mu zochitika zapadera.

Gawoli nthawi zambiri limatenga ola limodzi mpaka ola limodzi ndi theka. Panthawi imeneyi, kukhudza kwenikweni kochizira sikuyenera kupitirira mphindi 1. Nthawi zambiri amatsatiridwa ndi nthawi yopumula ndi kuphatikiza pafupifupi mphindi makumi awiri.

Kuchiza matenda osavuta, monga kupweteka kwa mutu, nthawi zambiri msonkhano umodzi ndi wokwanira. Kumbali ina, ngati ndi funso la zovuta kwambiri, monga kupweteka kosalekeza, zidzakhala zofunikira kukonzekera mankhwala angapo.

Palibe ziphaso zovomerezeka za omwe akukhudzidwa nawo kukhudza achire. Namwino Ochiritsa - Professional Associates International akhazikitsa Miyezo kuphunzitsa ndi kuchita, koma zindikirani kuti mchitidwewu ndi wokhazikika komanso wosatheka kuunika "mwakufuna". Ndibwino kusankha wogwira ntchito yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi nthawi zonse (osachepera kawiri pa sabata) komanso yemwe ali ndi zaka zosachepera 2 moyang'aniridwa ndi mlangizi. Pomaliza, chifukwa chifundo ndi kufuna kuchiza akuwoneka kuti ali ndi gawo lodziwikiratu pakukhudza achire, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha wochiritsa yemwe mumamva naye muubwenzi komanso mokwanira. bwenzi kugula.

Kuphunzira njira zoyambira za kukhudza achire kawirikawiri zimachitika 3 masiku 8 hours. Ophunzitsa ena amati maphunzirowa sanathe mokwanira ndipo m'malo mwake amapereka masabata atatu.

Kukhala akatswiri odziwa ntchito, mutha kutenga nawo gawo pamisonkhano yosiyanasiyana yopititsa patsogolo akatswiri ndikuyeserera moyang'aniridwa ndi mlangizi. Mabungwe osiyanasiyana monga a Nurse Healers - Professional Associates International kapena Therapeutic Touch Network of Ontario amavomereza maphunziro omwe amatsogolera ku maudindo a Katswiri Woyenerera or Wodziwika Wothandizira, Mwachitsanzo. Koma kaya zizindikirika kapena ayi, onetsetsani kuti maphunzirowo ndi abwino. Onani kuti ndi chiyanizinachitikira ophunzitsa enieni, monga akatswiri komanso aphunzitsi, ndipo musazengereze kufunsa Zolemba.

West Andree. Kukhudza kwachirengedwe - Kuchita nawo machiritso achilengedwe, Zosindikiza za du Roseau, 2001.

Chitsogozo chokwanira kwambiri cholembedwa ndi mtima ndi chidwi. Maziko amalingaliro, malingaliro, chikhalidwe cha kafukufuku, njira ndi magawo ogwiritsira ntchito, chirichonse chiripo.

Wopanga chithandizo chamankhwala adalemba mabuku angapo pankhaniyi. Chimodzi mwa izo chamasuliridwa ku French:

Wankhondo Dolores. Kalozera wachire kukhudza, Live Sun, 1998.

Videos

Namwino Ochiritsa - Professional Associates International amapereka makanema atatu omwe akuwonetsa kukhudza kwachirengedwe: Therapeutic Touch: Masomphenya ndi Zowona, ndi Dolores Krieger ndi Dora Kunz, Udindo wa Matupi Athupi, Amaganizo ndi Auzimu pa Machiritso by Dora Kunz, and Maphunziro a Kanema a Akatswiri Osamalira Zaumoyo ndi Janet Quinn.

Therapeutic Touch Network yaku Quebec

Tsamba la gulu la achinyamatali lili mu Chingerezi pakadali pano. Bungweli limagwirizana ndi Therapeutic Touch Network of Ontario ndipo limapereka maphunziro osiyanasiyana. Zambiri ndi mndandanda wa mamembala.

www.ttnq.ca

Namwino Ochiritsa - Professional Associates International

Tsamba lovomerezeka la bungwe lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 1977 ndi mlengi wa chithandizo chamankhwala, Dolores Krieger.

www.therapeutic-touch.org

Therapeutic Touch Network of Ontario (TTNO)

Ndi imodzi mwamayanjano ofunikira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pazachipatala. Tsambali lili ndi zambiri, maphunziro, zolemba ndi maulalo.

www.therapeuctouchontario.org

Therapeutic Touch - Kodi imagwira ntchito?

Tsamba lomwe limapereka maulalo ambiri kumasamba omwe ali abwino, kapena okayikira, kapena osalowerera ndale zokhudzana ndi kukhudza kwachirengedwe.

www.phact.org/e/tt