Maluwa a Tiarella: zithunzi pamapangidwe amitundu, mitundu ndi mitundu yokhala ndi mayina

Zithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe a tiarella (Tiarella) amafotokoza za chikhalidwe chomwe sichidziwika bwino pakati pa anthu okhala m'chilimwe, chomwe, pamodzi ndi ferns ndi hostas, chimakula bwino m'makona amthunzi wamunda. Ndi osatha, ogwirizana kwambiri ndi geyhera, amapanga ma hybrids nawo. Komanso, ubwino wa mbewu ndi mkulu kukana kuzizira.

Tiarella ndi wamtundu wa zikhalidwe za banja la saxifrage.

Kufotokozera za chomera cha tiarella

Tiarella kapena tiarca ndi chomera chokonda mthunzi chomwe chimamera mwachilengedwe m'mapiri komanso m'nkhalango zonyowa. Zitha kupezeka m'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira. Kupanda kuwala kwa dzuwa sikulepheretsa kuphuka ndi kupanga chobiriwira chobiriwira. M'munda, chikhalidwecho chimakula ngati chomera chokongoletsera, cholemera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zitsamba ndizoyenera mabedi amaluwa opangidwa mosiyanasiyana, minda yamwala, rockeries. Zina mwazofunikira zomwe tiarella imapanga ndi malo amthunzi kapena mthunzi, nthaka yonyowa, nthaka yopanda madzi komanso yachonde.

Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa botanical, tiarca imakhalabe ndi zokongoletsera zake nyengo yonseyi, zomwe zimatheka chifukwa cha masamba okongola obiriwira nthawi zonse. Mtundu wawo ukhoza kukhala wosavuta kapena wovuta, mtunduwo nthawi zambiri umakhala wobiriwira wakuda ndi likulu la pinki kapena lofiirira. Zili zazikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 10 cm mulifupi, mpaka 15 cm mulitali. Pamwamba pawo ndi pubescent, mawonekedwe ake ndi serrated. Rhizome ya chomeracho ndi yapakatikati, koma imakula mwachangu kwambiri.

Kutalika kwa Tiarella

Kutengera kufotokozera kwa herbaceous osatha, kutalika kwake, kutengera mitundu ndi kukula kwake, kumatha kukhala kosiyana. Nthawi zambiri kukula kumayambira 10 mpaka 60 cm, koma nthawi zina pamakhala zitsanzo zomwe zimatambasula mpaka 80 cm.

Kodi tiarella imaphuka liti?

Nthawi yophukira imayamba kumayambiriro kwa tiarella, nthawi yamaluwa imagwera mu theka lachiwiri la masika. Nthawi zambiri nthawi yomwe imatha kuwonedwa imagwa kumapeto kwa Epulo ndipo imatha mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Maluwa a chikhalidwecho ndi ang'onoang'ono, ngati chulu kapena tubular, mtundu nthawi zambiri umakhala woyera, koma nthawi zina ukhoza kukhala wotumbululuka pinki, calyx imakhala ndi ma sepals asanu, omwe amakula pamodzi m'munsi. Ma petals pamasamba ndi ang'onoang'ono, kuchuluka kwa ma PC 5. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mumagulu a inflorescences, omwe ali pa peduncles. Pambuyo pa maluwa, zipatso zimapangidwa m'malo mwawo - mabokosi, mkati mwake momwe njere ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zimacha.

Maluwa a Tiarca amatha kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka iwiri.

Zosiyanasiyana

Chomeracho chimagunda ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa, mitundu yosakanizidwa ya tiarella idabzalidwanso. Amakongoletsa chifukwa cha masamba owoneka bwino, komanso maluwa akulu. Mitunduyi, kutengera magwero ambiri, imaphatikizapo mitundu isanu, inayi yomwe imamera kumphepete mwa nyanja ndi kum'mawa kwa North America, ndi imodzi ku Asia. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu itatu ya chikhalidwe imapezeka mu ulimi wamaluwa: Werry, tiarella wokhala ndi masamba atatu ndi mtima, zithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe omwe ali pansipa.

Tyarella wokoma mtima

Heart tiarella (cordifolia) ndi chomera chamtundu wapansi, chomwe chimadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri. Amadziwika ndi masamba okongoletsa otseguka, omwe ali ndi utoto wokongola walalanje. Masamba amtundu wamtundu wina amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi komanso mitsempha yowala. Zosiyanasiyana zimamveka bwino m'mabedi amaluwa ndi zowunikira zilizonse, zimakula bwino osati mumthunzi komanso mthunzi pang'ono, komanso padzuwa. Ndi chithandizo chake, mabwalo a thunthu lamitengo, malire, ndi udzu amakongoletsedwa. Imamasula ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono amtundu wa kirimu, ma inflorescence amapangidwa molunjika. Kutalika kwa tchire lokhala ndi mtima wa tiarella sikudutsa 30 cm.

Mtima-leaved tiarella ndi chikhalidwe chofala kwambiri.

Wamasamba atatu

Tiarka yokhala ndi masamba atatu (polyphylla) ndi chikhalidwe chokhazikika, chomwe chimapezeka m'chilengedwe cha Asia, Scotland, Alaska, Georgia. Chomeracho chajambula masamba amtundu wakuda, maluwa ndi owoneka ngati cone, ndi fluffiness, masamba ndi pinki.

Ngati tiarella ya masamba atatu isasamalidwe bwino, imakula mwachangu ndikusanduka udzu.

Wherry

Tiarella wherry (wherri) amasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya zomera pakukula kwake pang'onopang'ono komanso kusowa kwa mphukira zam'mbali. Kutalika kwa mitunduyi ndi kochepa, pafupifupi 20-25 cm. Masamba amasamba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi, ndi palmate, okhala ndi m'mphepete mwake, mtundu wawo ndi emerald wonyezimira, mitsempha imakhala yofiirira, ikafika nthawi yophukira amapeza mtundu wa carmine. Maluwa a Werry pafupifupi chilimwe chonse, masamba ake amakhala ngati pinki kapena oyera.

Tiarella Werry amasiyanitsidwa ndi tchire lake lophatikizana

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya tiarell yokhala ndi mayina

Pali mitundu yambiri ya zomera izi, ndipo iliyonse ili ndi makhalidwe ake, komanso malamulo akukula. Mwa omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'minda, mitundu yotsatirayi imasiyanitsidwa:

1. Black Snowflake. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi ma inflorescence amtundu wa pinki ndi masamba osema.
   
   

   Masamba a Tiarella Black Snowflake ali ndi mawonekedwe onyezimira

2. Jeepers Creepers. Mawonekedwe achilendo okhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira.
   
   

   Masamba a Jeepers Creepers amakhala ofiirira m'dzinja

3. Kuwala kwa Neon. Amadziwika ndi masamba akulu ndi maluwa oyera-chipale chofewa okhala ndi mitsempha yofiirira.
   
   

   Mtundu wosazolowereka wa Neon Light umawonetsedwa kwambiri nyengo yozizira.

4. Pinki Skyrocket. Masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana amafanana ndi masamba a mapulo, amakhala ndi utoto wofiirira chapakati.
   
   

   Ma inflorescence a tiarella Pink Skyrocket conical, pinki masamba

5. Spanish Cross. Maluwa amtunduwu poyamba amakhala ndi pinki, koma pang'onopang'ono amakhala oyera ngati chipale chofewa.
   
   

   Masamba a Spanish Cross a mawonekedwe oyambirira ndi utoto wofiirira pakati

6. Timbuktu. Masamba a chomeracho ali ndi mitsempha yofiirira, burgundy pakati. Maluwa ndi ang'onoang'ono, otumbululuka pinki.
   
   

   Ma inflorescence a Timbuktu amanjenjemera komanso otsika

Komwe mungabzale tiarella

Tiarella, chisamaliro ndi kulima chomwe sichimayambitsa mavuto kwa wamaluwa, chimamveka bwino mu nthaka yotayirira, yopatsa thanzi, yopanda ndale kapena acidic pang'ono, yomwe imatha kusunga chinyezi bwino. Mitundu yambiri ya zomera imamva bwino mumthunzi ndi mthunzi pang'ono, koma palinso mitundu yokonda kuwala. Malo abwino obzala tiarka ndi pansi pa mitengo ndi zitsamba.

Malamulo obzala tiarella

Chomera obzalidwa kasupe kapena oyambirira autumn, mu chisanadze okonzeka anakumba dothi. Algorithm yofikira ili motere:

1. Mabowo akuya amapangidwa pansi.
2. Organic kanthu amaikidwa pansi pa maenje.
3. Mbeu ya chomera imayikidwa pamwamba.
4. Lembani dzenje ndi dothi.

Kusamalira Tiarella kutchire

Chomeracho sichifunikira chisamaliro choyenera, koma kuti chisangalatse wamaluwa ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso chitukuko chathanzi, ndikofunikira kuchita nawo zinthu zina. Tiarella imayankha bwino kuvala pamwamba ndi mulching, iyeneranso kuthiriridwa panthawi yake, ndipo nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa.

Kuthirira

Mitundu yambiri ya tiarella imatha kupirira chilala, koma imasokoneza mawonekedwe a mbewu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuthirira madzi ambiri komanso pafupipafupi. Chifukwa cha ichi, maluwa adzakhala wandiweyani, ndipo masamba adzakhala owala.

Feteleza

M'chaka, kusamalira tiarella kumakhala kuvala pamwamba ndi feteleza wamchere kapena organic matter. Musanayambe maluwa, ma nitrogenous complexes amatha kuwonjezeredwa pansi pa tchire. Pambuyo pa kutha kwa nthawi yophukira, mbewuyo imathanso kudyetsedwa.

Kuzizira

Kuwonjezera pa mitundu ya zomera zolimba m'nyengo yozizira, palinso mitundu ina imene imafunika pogona. Zomera zimadulidwa kumapeto kwa autumn, zokutidwa ndi peat ndi masamba akugwa.

Kubereka kwa tiarella

Tiarella imatha kufalitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• magawano;
• zodula;
• mbewu.

Njira ziwiri zoyambirira ndizothandiza kwambiri komanso zosavuta, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa. Chomeracho chimafalitsidwa ndikugawikana koyambirira kwa kasupe, tchire lisanatuluke, ndi kudula - pambuyo pa kutha kwa nthawi yophukira.

Chomeracho chimafesedwa ndi mbewu pafupipafupi, chifukwa ndi njira yoberekera iyi, zovuta zingapo zimatha kukumana:

• kufunika stratification kubzala zakuthupi;
• kuwunika nthawi zonse mbande;
• imfa ya yokongola mitundu ya makhalidwe awo.

Pamalo amodzi, tiarka imatha kukula kwazaka zopitilira khumi.

Mavuto mukukula tiarella

Duwali lili ndi chitetezo chokwanira, ndipo mavuto ndi kulima kwake sizichitika kawirikawiri. Tiarella imalepheretsa namsongole, imatetezedwa ku tizirombo, ndipo imathamangitsanso zina mwazo. Mavuto amatheka ngati chitsamba chikumera pamalo amdima kwambiri komanso achinyezi. Ngakhale kuti chomeracho sichikonda kwambiri kuwala kwa dzuwa, mikhalidwe yotereyi imakhalanso yovuta kwa izo. Pabedi lamaluwa losawoneka bwino, chitsamba chikhoza kufowoka, masamba amayamba kuvunda, duwa likhoza kugwidwa ndi nkhono ndi slugs.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kazithunzi

Tiarella m'munda amatha kugwira ntchito zambiri ndipo amakhala ngati chokongoletsera kumadera osiyanasiyana. Chomeracho ndi chabwino kwambiri chobzala mozungulira mitengo kapena zitsamba, chimawoneka chokongola m'nkhalango ndi minda yamwala, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro cha pansi. Amabzalidwa m'makona amithunzi, oyikidwa m'mphepete mwamadzi opangira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tchire la zitsamba zazitali.

Chomeracho chimagwirizana bwino ndi miyala ya rockeries, ndi chithandizo chake mungathe kupanga malire a flowerbeds ndi mabedi a maluwa, zimayenda bwino ndi mbewu zina zokongoletsera.

Oyandikana nawo abwino kwambiri a tiarka ndi awa:

• anafuna
• Brunner;
• conifers;
• Honeysuckle;
• violet;
• boxwood;
• heichera;
• periwinkle;
• fern;
• mbewu zazing'ono bulbous.

Tiarella amamva bwino pansi pa chivundikiro cha hydrangea kapena azalea.

Kutsiliza

Chithunzi ndi kufotokozera kwa tiarella zikuwonetsa kuti chomerachi ndi chokongola, chodzichepetsa, cholimba bwino m'nyengo yozizira. Sichidziwikabe kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa, koma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa makhalidwe abwino ndi oyenera chidwi chawo. Zosatha zimakula bwino mumthunzi, zimakhala ndi masamba okongoletsera, zimamasula kwambiri. Kutengera ndemanga, mbewuyo imawoneka bwino pamabedi amaluwa osiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe aliwonse.

Ndemanga za kukula kwa tiarella