Zamkatimu
Kodi tracheitis ndi chiyani?
Tracheitis ndi kutupa kwa chitseko cha trachea. Kutengera ndi mawonekedwe a maphunzirowa, pachimake komanso chosachiritsika tracheitis amasiyanitsidwa.
Pachimake tracheitis zambiri pamodzi ndi matenda ena a nasopharynx (pachimake rhinitis, laryngitis ndi pharyngitis). Mu pachimake tracheitis, pali kutupa kwa trachea, hyperemia ya mucosa, pamwamba pa ntchofu amaunjikana; nthawi zina petechial hemorrhages amatha kuchitika (ndi chimfine).
Matenda a tracheitis nthawi zambiri amayamba kuchokera pachimake mawonekedwe. Kutengera kusintha kwa mucous nembanemba, ili ndi mitundu iwiri: hypertrophic ndi atrophic.
Ndi hypertrophic tracheitis, ziwiya zimakula ndipo nembanemba ya mucous imakula. Kutuluka kwa ntchofu kumakhala kwakukulu, purulent sputum imawonekera. Atrophic chronic tracheitis imayambitsa kupatulira kwa mucous nembanemba. Imakhala imvi mumtundu, yosalala komanso yonyezimira, imatha kuphimbidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikuyambitsa chifuwa champhamvu. Nthawi zambiri, atrophic tracheitis kumachitika pamodzi ndi atrophy wa mucous nembanemba wa kupuma thirakiti ili pamwamba.
Zifukwa za tracheitis
Pachimake tracheitis nthawi zambiri akufotokozera chifukwa cha matenda tizilombo, nthawi zina chifukwa staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, kuledzera, ndi zina zotero. Matendawa amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha hypothermia, inhalation ya mpweya wouma kapena wozizira, mpweya woipa ndi nthunzi zomwe zimakwiyitsa mucous nembanemba.
Matenda a tracheitis nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa osuta kwambiri ndi oledzera. Nthawi zina chifukwa cha matenda ndi matenda a mtima ndi impso, emphysema, kapena kutupa kwa nasopharynx aakulu. Chiwerengero cha tracheitis matenda kumawonjezera mu autumn ndi masika nthawi.
Zizindikiro za tracheitis
Zina mwa zizindikiro za tracheitis ndi chifuwa chowuma chowawa chomwe chimakula usiku ndi m'mawa. Wodwala amatsokomola ndi mpweya wozama, kuseka, kusuntha mwadzidzidzi, kusintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi cha chilengedwe.
Kutsokomola kuukira limodzi ndi ululu pakhosi ndi sternum. Kupuma kwa odwala kumakhala kozama komanso pafupipafupi: motere amayesa kuchepetsa kupuma kwawo. Nthawi zambiri tracheitis limodzi ndi laryngitis. Kenako mawu a wodwalayo amakhala osamveka.
Kutentha kwa thupi kwa odwala akuluakulu kumawonjezeka pang'ono madzulo. Kwa ana, kutentha thupi kumatha kufika 39 ° C. Poyambirira, kuchuluka kwa sputum kumakhala kochepa, kukhuthala kwake kumadziwika. Pamene matendawa akupita, ntchofu ndi mafinya zimatuluka ndi sputum, kuchuluka kwake kumawonjezeka, kupweteka pamene chifuwa chikutha.
Ngati, pamodzi ndi tracheitis, bronchi imakhalanso ndi kutupa, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umaipiraipira. Matendawa amatchedwa tracheobronchitis. Kuukira kutsokomola kumakhala pafupipafupi, kumakhala kowawa komanso kowawa, kutentha kwa thupi kumakwera.
Tracheitis imatha kuyambitsa zovuta m'munsi mwa kupuma (bronchopneumonia).
Kuzindikira kwa tracheitis kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi kufufuza: dokotala amafufuza pakhosi la wodwalayo ndi laryngoscope, amamvetsera m'mapapo.
Chithandizo cha tracheitis
Chithandizo cha tracheitis kumafuna kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zinayambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa. Choyamba, chithandizo cha etiotropic chimachitika. Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bakiteriya tracheitis, antiviral agents for viral tracheitis, ndi antihistamines a matupi awo sagwirizana tracheitis. Expectorants ndi mucolytics (bromhexine) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi chifuwa chowuma champhamvu, ndizotheka kupereka mankhwala oletsa antitussive.
Ndikofunikira kuchita inhalations pogwiritsa ntchito inhalers ndi nebulizers pogwiritsa ntchito njira zama pharmacy.
Chithandizo chokwanira cha tracheitis chimatsimikizira kuchira mu masabata 1-2.