Chithunzi chowona cha polypore (Fomes fomentarius) ndi kufotokozera

True polypore (Fomes fomentarius)

• Siponji yamagazi;
• Polyporus fomentarius;
• Boletus fomentaria;
• Unguline fomentaria;
• Njala zoopsa.

Bowa weniweni (Fomes fomentarius) ndi bowa wochokera ku banja la Coriol, wamtundu wa Fomes. Saprophyte, ali m'gulu la Agaricomycetes, gulu la Polypores. Kufalikira.

Kufotokozera Kwakunja

Matupi a zipatso za bowa wam'madzi amakhala osatha, mu bowa achichepere amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ndipo mwa okhwima amakhala ngati ziboda. Bowa wamtunduwu alibe miyendo, chifukwa chake thupi la fruiting limadziwika ngati lokhazikika. Kulumikizana ndi pamwamba pa thunthu la mtengo kumachitika kokha kudzera pakatikati, kumtunda.

Chophimba cha mitundu yomwe yafotokozedwayi ndi yayikulu kwambiri, m'matupi okhwima okhwima amakhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 40 cm ndi kutalika mpaka 20 cm. Nthawi zina ming'alu imatha kuwoneka pamwamba pa thupi la fruiting. Mtundu wa kapu ya bowa ukhoza kusiyana ndi kuwala, imvi mpaka imvi kwambiri mu bowa wakucha. Nthawi zina mthunzi wa kapu ndi thupi la fruiting la bowa weniweni ukhoza kukhala wopepuka beige.

Zamkati mwa bowa zomwe zafotokozedwazo ndi zowuma, zowonda komanso zofewa, nthawi zina zimatha kukhala zamitengo. Akadulidwa, amakhala velvety, suede. Mumtundu, thupi la bowa lomwe lilipo nthawi zambiri limakhala lofiirira, lofiirira, nthawi zina la mtedza.

Tubular hymenophore ya bowa imakhala ndi spores zowala, zozungulira. Mukadina, mtundu wa chinthucho umasintha kukhala wakuda. Ufa wa spore wa bowa wonyezimira ndi woyera, uli ndi spores ndi kukula kwa 14-24 * 5-8 microns. m'mapangidwe awo ndi osalala, mawonekedwe awo ndi oblong, alibe mtundu.

Grebe nyengo ndi malo okhala

Bowa weniweni wa tinder ndi wa gulu la saprophytes. Ndicho bowa chomwe chimayambitsa kuoneka kwa zowola zoyera pamitengo yamitengo yolimba. Chifukwa cha parasitism, kupatulira ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu yamitengo kumachitika. Bowa wamtunduwu umagawidwa kwambiri kudera la Europe. Mutha kuziwona kulikonse m'maiko ambiri aku Europe, kuphatikiza Dziko Lathu. Bowa weniweni wa tinder amafalikira makamaka pamitengo yophukira. Mitengo ya birch, thundu, alders, aspens, ndi beech nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi zotsatira zake zoipa. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza bowa weniweni (Fomes fomentarius) pamitengo yakufa, zitsa zowola ndi mitengo yakufa. Komabe, zimatha kukhudzanso zofooka kwambiri, koma zimakhalabe mitengo yophukira. Mitengo yamoyo imagwidwa ndi bowa limeneli chifukwa cha kuthyoka kwa nthambi, ming'alu ya mitengo ikuluikulu ndi makungwa.

Kukula

Bowa wosadya

Mitundu yofananira ndi kusiyana kwawo

Palibe kufanana ndi mitundu ina ya bowa mu bowa wamtundu uwu. Makhalidwe a bowa ndi mthunzi wa kapu ndi mawonekedwe a kusalaza kwa thupi la fruiting. Nthawi zina anthu otolera bowa sadziwa amasokoneza bowa ndi bowa wabodza. Komabe, mbali ya mtundu wofotokozedwa wa bowa ndi kuthekera kwa kupatukana kosavuta kwa thupi la fruiting kuchokera pamwamba pa thunthu la mtengo. Izi zimawonekera makamaka ngati kupatukana kumachitidwa pamanja, molunjika kuchokera pansi mpaka pansi.

Zambiri za bowa

Mbali yaikulu ya bowa wa tinder ndi kukhalapo kwake kwa zigawo za mankhwala zomwe zingalepheretse kukula kwa zotupa za khansa m'thupi la munthu. Pachimake, bowa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewa komanso kuchiza khansa koyambirira.

Fomes fomentarius, monga tanenera kale, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, choncho nthawi zonse zimayambitsa kuvulaza kosayembekezereka kwa ulimi ndi malo a paki. Mitengo yomwe imakhudzidwa nayo pang'onopang'ono imafa, zomwe zimawonekera moyipa mu kukongola kwa chilengedwe chozungulira.

Mbiri yakugwiritsa ntchito bowa wotchedwa tinder bowa weniweni ndiyosangalatsa kwambiri. Kalekale, bowali linkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tinder (chinthu chapadera chomwe chimatha kuyatsidwa movutikira ngakhale ndi kamoto kamodzi). Chigawo chimenechi chinapezedwanso m’mafukufuku m’zida za mayi wa Ötzi. Mbali yamkati mwa thupi la fruiting la mitundu yomwe ikufotokozedwa nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asing'anga ngati mankhwala abwino kwambiri a hemostatic. Kwenikweni, ndichifukwa cha zinthu izi kuti bowa mwa anthu adatchedwa "siponji wamagazi".

Nthawi zina bowa weniweni wa tinder amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo popanga zikumbutso. Oweta njuchi amagwiritsa ntchito bowa wouma poyatsira osuta. Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, mtundu uwu wa bowa unkagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pa opaleshoni, koma tsopano palibe mchitidwe wogwiritsa ntchito bowa m'derali.