Valui (Russula foetens) chithunzi ndi kufotokoza

Valui (Russula foetens)

• Agaricus pepperatas Bull.
• Agaricus bulliardii JF Gmel.
• Agaricus wofulumira Pers.
• Agaricus foetens (Pers.) Pers.
• Agaricus incrassatus Sowerby

Dzina lapano: Russula foetens Pers., Observationes mycologicae 1: 102 (1796)

Etymology: Kuchokera ku Latin foetens = fetid, chifukwa cha fungo lapadera, nthawi zambiri losasangalatsa. Dzina lachi Italiya: Russula fetida

Mayina achisilavo amawonetsa mawonekedwe ndi "linga" la valuu:

• Goby
• kamera
• Kulibik
• Swinur
• Soplivik

mutu: chachikulu, chachikulu, 5-17 masentimita m'mimba mwake, m'zaka zabwino chimatha kukula mpaka 20 centimita. Mu unyamata, ozungulira, minofu-zovuta, ndiye procumbent, osaya ndi ambiri maganizo pakati, nthawi zina ndi yaing'ono lonse tubercle.

Mphepete mwa kapu nthawi zambiri imakhala yosakhazikika, yozungulira kwambiri, yakuthwa, yokhala ndi ma radial grooves omwe amawonekera kwambiri akamakalamba.

Mtundu wa kapu ndi wopepuka, wopepuka m'mphepete komanso wodzaza pang'ono pakati, mu ma valuya akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawanga owoneka bwino ofiira-bulauni komanso ngakhale ofiira-wakuda.

Khungu la kapu la bowa laling'ono ndilomata kwambiri, losalala, loterera, ngati kuti laphimbidwa ndi mafuta a gel, koma nyengo youma, ntchentche imauma mofulumira. Peel imachotsedwa mosavuta ndi theka la utali wa kapu.

Mtengo wachinyamata, "Fist":

mwendo. Imafanana ndi chipewa: chachikulu, chokulirapo, mpaka 20 (kapena kupitilira apo) masentimita muutali ndi 2-5 cm wandiweyani. Kawirikawiri uniformly cylindrical kapena kukula pang'ono pamwamba kutsogolo kwa mbale, akhoza kukhala thickening pansi.

Pazitsanzo zazing'ono kwambiri, tsinde ndi lathunthu, koma mwachangu kwambiri zamkati pakati pa tsinde zimakhala za thonje komanso ma cavities amapangika, mapanga amapangidwa, kulumikiza m'mimba imodzi yayikulu yapakati yokhala ndi minofu yofewa, yonyansa yofiirira.

Mwendo ndi wandiweyani komanso wamphamvu, koma pamikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi ukalamba umalowa mwachangu ndikugwedezeka ukakanikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi zala, umakhala wosalimba, makamaka ukalamba.

Mtundu wa tsinde ndi woyera, koma achinyamata bowa. Pansi pa tsinde loyera limakhala lodetsedwa kwambiri ndi imvi, zonyansa zofiirira, zofiirira zofiirira, nthawi zambiri zimakhala mawanga akulu, koma nthawi zina pamakhala kufalikira kwa mawanga ang'onoang'ono ndi madontho.

Pamwamba pa tsinde ndi owuma, ochepera kutchulidwa akhakula kapena losweka ndi ukalamba, yokutidwa ndi coarse powdery ❖ kuyanika pansi mbale.

Pulp: wandiweyani, wolimba ndi wolimba, wowonda kwambiri ndi gelatinized m'mphepete mwa kapu mu bowa wamng'ono. White pa odulidwa ndi fracture, sasintha mtundu pamene kuonongeka. Koma oyambirira amakhala pabuka-bulauni m'mapanga a tsinde ndipo ngakhale mkati dera m'munsi mwa tsinde. Wowutsa mudyo mu zitsanzo zazing'ono, zouma, koma osati zouma, mwa akuluakulu.

Futa: Yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yosasangalatsa (mseru, yopsereza malinga ndi Munthu) ikadulidwa. Nthawi zina amatchulidwa ngati fungo la hering'i wovunda "pamtundu wa fruity", nthawi zina ngati fungo la mafuta a rancid kwambiri.

Kukumana: lakuthwa kwambiri, lopweteka komanso lowawa mu kapu, koma nthawi zina "pafupifupi kufatsa" m'chigawo chapakati cha phesi.

Kusintha kwa mankhwala: KOH imakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pa ziwalo zoyera za thupi, kuphatikizapo khungu la mwendo (zofiira pang'ono kapena zonona bwino kwambiri), koma zimapangitsa kuti thupi lamkati la mwendo likhale lofiira kapena lofiira.

Records: ochepa, wandiweyani, opindika m'malo, ophulika, lanceolate, chakuthwa mpaka chakuthwa kutsogolo, mwachitsanzo, 8-14 mm mulifupi. Kukula pang'onopang'ono. Pafupifupi mbale palibe. Choyamba choyera, nthawi zina chokhala ndi madontho amadzi omveka bwino, kenako zonona ndi mawanga ofiira ofiira, ofiira ofiira, koma m'mphepete mwake nthawi zambiri amakhala athunthu ndi yunifolomu (kapena ndi mdima mochedwa).

spore powder: woyera kapena kirimu, wotumbululuka kirimu, wotumbululuka chikasu.

Mikangano 7,5-8,5-10,25-(11,5) x 6,7-8,7 µm, ozungulira kapena pafupifupi ozungulira, warty. Njerewerezo zimakhala zozungulira kapena zozungulira, zokhala ndi zitunda zingapo zolumikizana, zomwe zimafika mosavuta 1,5 x 0,75 µm.

Amapezeka m'nkhalango zonyowa pang'ono, pa dothi lolemera, pansi pa mitengo yamtengo wapatali komanso ya coniferous, m'zigwa ndi m'mapiri. Amakula kwambiri ku Europe, Asia ndi North America. Nthawi zambiri imabala zipatso m'magulu akuluakulu.

Zimayamba kubereka zipatso kuyambira Julayi, ndi kasupe wofunda - kuyambira Juni mpaka autumn.

Zambiri zakunja zimatsimikizira kuti Russula foetens ndi mitundu yosadyedwa komanso yapoizoni. Mwachitsanzo, buku lina la ku Italy linati: “M’lingaliro lililonse liyenera kuonedwa ngati russula wapoizoni, ngakhale kuti fungo losasangalatsa limangothamangitsa.”

Pa gawo la USSR yakale, valui amaonedwa kuti ndi bowa wodyedwa, ngati mukudziwa kuphika. Pambuyo pa Urals, Valuev amakololedwa m'migolo ikuluikulu, makamaka yamchere.

Chikhalidwe chachikulu: bowa ayenera kuthiridwa bwino, nthawi zambiri amasintha madzi. Pre-kuwira (pambuyo pa kuviika) ndikofunikira.

Pansi (Russula subfoetens)

Mitundu yapafupi kwambiri, yosazindikirika ndi Valuy. Kusiyana kwakukulu koonekeratu: momwe KOH amachitira. Valui amasintha mtundu kukhala wofiira, Podvalui - kukhala wachikasu. Zina zonse zikuphatikizana. Koma izi sizofunikira: mitundu yonse iwiriyi imadyedwa mokhazikika ndipo ikaphika imakhala yosazindikirika.

Kuti mumve zambiri za russula yofananira, onani nkhani Podvaluy.

Video:

Nkhaniyi imagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi ndi makanema a Sergey ndi Vitaly.