Vanilla - kufotokozera zonunkhira. Zaumoyo ndi zovulaza

Kufotokozera

Fungo lokoma la zinthu zowotcha ndi fungo lokoma la zonunkhiritsa - vanila amapereka zest yapaderayi ku zokometsera ndi zodzoladzola. Osasokoneza zonunkhira zamtengo wapatalizi ndi vanila yotsika mtengo kwambiri.

Vanilla ndi chipatso chonunkhira chowumitsidwa ndi dzuwa chamtundu wamtundu wa orchiding womwe umamera kumadera otentha. Ndi khwangwala lalitali, lopyapyala la mtundu woderapo.

Vanila yatsopanoyi ilibe kukoma konse. Zonunkhira zimawululidwa chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kupesa.

Kununkhira ndi kukoma kwa vanila weniweni ndikuphatikizana kwa zinthu pafupifupi 200 zachilengedwe.

Kulima movutikira komanso kukonza movutikira kwapangitsa kuti ikhale yokwera mtengo kwambiri.

Vanilla amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kununkhira zakudya zotsekemera:

• makeke;
• makeke;
• puddings;
• makeke;
• custard;
• ayisi kirimu;
• zakumwa;
• maswiti;
• chokoleti.

Kuti achepetse mtengo wazinthuzi, choloweza mmalo chopanga chinapangidwa - vanillin. Mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi 5% ya mtengo wa vanila weniweni, ndipo kununkhira kuli kutali kwambiri ndi mphamvu ndi mgwirizano wapachiyambi. Chifukwa chotsika mtengo, vanillin ndiyofala kwambiri, ngakhale kukoma kwake kopanga sikungatheke kwa ma gourmets.

Momwe vanila amawonekera

Vanila amawoneka ngati poto wakuda, nthawi zambiri kutalika kwa 17 mpaka 23 cm, amalemera pafupifupi 5 g, ndipo amakhala ndi ½ supuni ya tiyi ya njere zazing'ono.

Imamera bwanji komanso komwe imamera

Vanilla ndi mpesa wamaluwa wa banja la orchid. Imakula pozungulira mitengo. Mexico imatengedwa kuti ndi kwawo, zigawo za dziko limene nkhalango zotentha ndizofala.

Mpesawu uli ndi maluwa ambiri akuya alalanje-achikasu, okhala ngati mapaipi, omwe ndi ovuta kwambiri kotero kuti si mitundu yonse ya njuchi yomwe ingathe kutulutsa mungu.

Vanilla orchid imamasula ndikubala zipatso mchaka chachitatu chokha. Maluwa amatseguka kwa tsiku limodzi lokha. M'malo awo achilengedwe panthawiyi ayenera kukhala ndi mungu wamtundu wina wa njuchi kapena hummingbird - ndi milomo yayitali. M'minda, iwo pamanja mungu wochokera.

Kupitilira apo, zipatsozo zimapangidwa ndikupsa mkati mwa miyezi 9. Zipatso zakupsa za vanila ndi zowutsa mudyo (zotchedwa poto kapena nyemba) zodzazidwa ndi njere zazing'ono, zopepuka.

Vanilla orchids amamera m'madera otentha monga Mexico, Tahiti, Reunion, Mauritius, Comoro, Indonesia, Uganda, ndi Tongo. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu mwa magawo atatu a zinthu zonse padziko lapansi zimachokera ku Madagascar. Madagascar yokha imapanga 80% ya zokolola zapadziko lonse lapansi.

Masiku ano, pafupifupi mayiko onse okhala ndi nyengo yotentha komanso yotentha amalima zonunkhira izi. Pakati pa atsogoleri pakupanga vanila:

• Madagascar;
• Reunion Island ku Indian Ocean;
• Indonesia;
• chomera chachilendo chimamera ku Central America, Tahiti ndi Ceylon.

Mtengo wapamwamba wa zonunkhira umafotokozedwa ndi zovuta za kulima - ntchito yamanja yokha imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula, kutulutsa mungu, kusonkhanitsa ndi kukonza zipatso. Palibe mankhwala ndi zida zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, vanila imacha kwa nthawi yayitali - pafupifupi miyezi 9. Zimatengera ntchito yambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru komanso chidziwitso kuti mupeze chinthu chamtengo wapatali.

Duwa limapukutidwa mwapadera, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungalumikizire stamen ndi pistil. Sakalamenti yopangidwa ndi manja iyi imatchedwa "ukwati wa vanila".

Ngati zikuyenda bwino, duwa la ndodo lidzawoneka kuchokera ku duwa, lomwe liri ndi mtundu wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda, ndi wochuluka komanso wonyezimira kukhudza.

Momwe mungakulire vanila kunyumba?

Njirayi ndiyosakhwima komanso yolemetsa, liana amafunika kupanga zinthu zomwe sizingatheke kukwaniritsa kunyumba. Chifukwa chake chachikulu ndikukulitsa mpesa wa orchid womwe udzakongoletsa chipindacho. Koma kuphuka ndi kubala zipatso ... ichi ndi chinthu chofanana ndi chozizwitsa.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Pali mitundu yopitilira 110 ya maluwa a vanila. Odziwika kwambiri mwa iwo ndi lathyathyathya (Vanilla planifolia). Pafupifupi 99% ya vanila yonse imapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo.

Mitundu iyi imapezeka makamaka pa malonda:

• Bourbon (Vanilla planifolia) kapena Madagascar - wolemera, wokoma, wochenjera.
• Mexican - ndi kukoma kofewa.
• Chitahiti (Vanilla tahitiensis) - ili ndi nyemba zakuda kwambiri komanso zokhuthala. Ili ndi fungo lamphamvu kwambiri lomwe nthawi zina limawoneka ngati lochita kupanga. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu perfumery.
• Indian - ndi zolemba za caramel mu fungo.

Kodi vanila amapeza bwanji?

Zipatso za vanila zomwe, zomwe zimakololedwa zosapsa, zilibe fungo. Iwo aumbike mu ndondomeko yaitali olondola kukonzekera.

Mitengo ya liana yomwe yasonkhanitsidwa imakonzedwa movutikira:

• amaikidwa mwachidule m'madzi otentha;
• kenako amachotsedwa ndikusiya kuti ziume ndi kupesa mu mpweya wabwino - osachepera sabata. Nkhokwe zimakulungidwa m'mabulangete ndikusungidwa pansi pa dzuwa kwa nthawi inayake, ndikuwonjezera tsiku ndi tsiku;
• Gawo lotsatira ndikuwumitsa zipatso mumthunzi (mpaka miyezi ingapo), mpaka potoyo itaphimbidwa ndi pachimake cha makhiristo oyera oyera a vanillin. Zokometsera zake zonse sizoposa 3%, koma kwa iye kuti vanila ali ndi fungo lake lodabwitsa;
• makoko akupsa amasanjidwa ndikutumizidwa kunkhokwe kuti akapakidwe.

Kodi vanila idzakhala ndi mtundu wanji zimatengera mtundu wa liana komwe zipatso zimasonkhanitsidwa, komanso kutsatira ukadaulo wophika. Panthawiyi, zopangira zimataya mpaka 2/3 ya kulemera kwake, koma zimapeza fungo lapadera.

Chemical zikuchokera, kalori okhutira

Kodi calorie ya vanila ndi chiyani? 100 g ya zonunkhira ili ndi 288 kcal.

Lili ndi mankhwala ambiri:

• mchere mchere, mosavuta digestible chakudya;
• mavitamini - PP, thiamine, riboflavin, B5, B6;
• macronutrients - choyamba, potaziyamu, komanso magnesium, calcium, sodium, phosphorous;
• kufufuza zinthu - chitsulo, zinki, mkuwa, manganese;
• omega mafuta acids.
• Vanila ili ndi mafuta ofunikira, ma tannins, glycoside glucovanillin, omwe amasandulika kukhala vanillin ndi shuga panthawi ya nayonso mphamvu pogawanika.

Kununkhira ndi kukoma

Vanila weniweni ali ndi fungo labwino, lachilendo komanso losaiwalika. Imafotokozedwa ngati yofewa, yofewa komanso yokoma yokhala ndi zolemba zamatabwa komanso zosuta. Vanila amamva kuwawa pang'ono, koma ali ndi kutsekemera kwamaluwa. Kununkhira kumatuluka kukatenthedwa.

Mutalawa vanila, simukufunanso kugwiritsa ntchito vanila yopangira. Sizingayerekezedwe ndi kukoma kokoma ndi fungo lovuta la zonunkhira zachilengedwe.

Momwe mungasankhire komanso komwe mungagule

Vanila weniweni amatha kupezeka m'masitolo apadera azokometsera. Sizipezeka kawirikawiri m'masitolo akuluakulu, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika mtengo.

Makoko amagulitsidwa payekhapayekha kapena m'mitolo ing'onoing'ono yopakidwa mu chubu lalitali kapena mtsuko.

Zakudya zabwino za vanila ziyenera kukhala:

• yonse, yodzazidwa bwino m'litali lonse;
• ndi peel yopyapyala, yamafuta;
• osinthasintha, osavuta kupindika ndi kupindika kukhala mphete, kuwongola pang'onopang'ono;
• mtundu yunifolomu kuchokera ku bulauni kupita ku mthunzi wa chokoleti;
• kutalika kwa 14-16 cm, pafupifupi 1 cm mulifupi;
• zopanda madontho ndi zowonongeka (zovomerezeka ming'alu pamphepete mwa pod osapitirira 3 cm);
• Kuphimba pang'ono ndi pachimake cha crystalline - vanila wachilengedwe, yemwe amachititsa kukoma kwa vanila.
• Ngati makokowo ndi akale komanso owuma, amakhala osasunthika, osasunthika, komanso ovuta kutulutsamo njere.

Vanila nthawi zambiri amapangidwa mwachinyengo poviika makoko a zomera zina muzokometsera zopangira, ngakhale ndodo zachitsulo zimasakanizidwa. Pofuna kupewa chinyengo, gulani zinthu kuchokera kwa opanga odziwika padziko lonse lapansi.

Momwe mungasungire

M'matumba osindikizidwa a fakitale, ma vanilla pods abwino amasungidwa kwa zaka 3-4 kuyambira tsiku lopangidwa.

Mukatsegula phukusi, kulungani nyembazo mu pepala la sera kapena pulasitiki, kenaka muyike mu chidebe chagalasi chokhala ndi chivindikiro cholimba. Sungani kutentha m'malo amdima. Vanilla alumali moyo pansi pazimenezi ndi kwa zaka ziwiri.

Tulutsani mtsukowo kwa mphindi 10-15 pakatha milungu ingapo iliyonse kuti mubwezeretse chinyontho ku poto wouma.

Musasunge zonunkhira mufiriji, chifukwa chinyezi chochulukirapo chingayambitse nkhungu kukula.

Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito timitengo ta vanila mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chifukwa zimauma pakapita nthawi, ngakhale zitakhala bwino.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa vanila

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito vanila ndizambiri kuposa zovulaza. Ngakhale kuli koyenera kudziwa za zoyipa za zonunkhira izi, za contraindication pakugwiritsa ntchito kwake.

Zopindulitsa

Chifukwa chiyani spice imathandiza:

• imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamanjenje - imakhala ndi sedative, mpumulo, imasintha maganizo;
• normalizes m'mimba ndondomeko, nthawi njala, bwino kagayidwe;
• imakhala ndi zotsatira zopindulitsa pakhungu - imachotsa ziphuphu, imayera, imapangitsa kuti ikhale yosalala;
• kumathandiza kupewa matenda a shuga, mavuto a mahomoni;
• kumawonjezera ubwino pa nthawi ya kusamba;
• amasewera gawo lamphamvu aphrodisiac.

Zovuta komanso zotsutsana

Zotsatira zoyipa za vanila ndikuti zonunkhira zimatha:

• kuyambitsa thupi lawo siligwirizana;
• onjezerani chiwopsezo cha kuwala kwa ultraviolet - mutagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ofunikira a vanila padzuwa, sikoyenera kukhala;
• kuledzera ndi fungo linalake.

Ndi contraindicated kugwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira:

• anthu omwe ali ndi tsankho laumwini;
• akazi pa nthawi ya mimba ndi lactation;
• ana.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Pophikira: Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Vanilla Pod

Ngati chophimbacho chimafuna ndodo yonse ya vanila, tsegulani ndikuchotsa mbewuzo. Za ichi:

• Ikani nsonga ya mpeni pakatikati pa poto pansi pa poto, gwirani mpeniwo molunjika ndikudula pang'onopang'ono mpaka kunsonga, koma osadutsa, mutagwira pamwamba pa pod ndi zala ziwiri. .
• Tsegulani poto pang'ono, tembenuzirani mpeni mozungulira ndikuwutsitsa mkati mwa masamba, ndikutsuka njere.
• Bwerezani kangapo kuti mukolose chilichonse.

Gwiritsani ntchito mbewu nthawi yomweyo, sizingasungidwe kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati pakufunika gawo limodzi lokha, gwiritsani ntchito mpeni wakuthwa kudula mulingo womwe mukufuna ndikutsata malangizo omwe aperekedwa.

String vanila ndi zonunkhira, popanda mbale zambiri sizikanakhala ndi kukoma kwapadera koteroko, ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, kununkhira.

Zonunkhira zachilengedwe ndizotsika mtengo, choncho zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'malesitilanti olemekezeka komanso ma cafe okwera mtengo. M'makampani opanga ma confectionery, ma analogi otsika mtengo a vanila amakondedwa.

Porridge wotchuka wa Guryev lero ndi chakudya chenicheni. Ndipo zikuwoneka kuti sizingakonzekere bwino popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zokometsera zonunkhira.

Kodi mapoto a vanila amawonjezedwa kuti?

Zokometsera zachilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakukometsera zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri za confectionery:

• chokoleti chokha;
• zodzaza maswiti okwera mtengo;
• ma cookies a mtedza ndi Khrisimasi;
• creams kwa makeke a gourmet;
• zakumwa zoledzeretsa zapamwamba.

Ngati mtengo wa nkhaniyi ulibe kanthu, pali njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito pod:

• kwa kukoma ayisikilimu;
• monga chofunikira chokometsera chigawo cha masikono, puddings, soufflés;
• monga chowonjezera ku mkaka - yoghurt, kirimu, curd kufalikira;
• popanga zakumwa - ma liqueurs, coca-cola, cocktails.

Makampani opanga confectionery nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito vanillin ngati chowonjezera chotsika mtengo pazinthu:

• mchere, mousse;
• jams, zoteteza;
• compotes, zakumwa za zipatso;
• glaze, syrups.

Vanilla amakongoletsedwa ndi maswiti okha - ngati musakaniza mbewu za zonunkhira ndi mafuta a azitona, zomwe zimatsatira zimasiya kukoma kwa mbale kuchokera ku nyama, nkhuku, nsomba zam'madzi, sauces.

Mlingo

Kodi mumakhulupirira nthawi zonse kuti zokometsera zokhala ndi fungo lokoma ziyenera kulawa moyenera? Pankhani ya vanila, chirichonse chiri chosiyana - ndi chowawa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'anira mlingo weniweniwo kuti muwonjezere kukoma kwa mbaleyo, osati kuiwononga.

Magawo olondola ndi awa:

• kotala la ndodo ya vanila idzapita ku 1 kilogalamu ya mankhwala;
• 1/20 ya pod ndi yokwanira 1 kutumikira.
• Vanila shuga kwa mtanda kapena kuwaza pa mbale yomalizidwa kumachitika motere: shuga wa ufa (0.5 kg) amapukutidwa ndi 1 spice pod.

Kodi mlingo wa vanila ndi chiyani? Kwa magawo 6 a mbale, madontho atatu ndi okwanira.

Otsatira

Popeza vanila pod ndi zonunkhira, si aliyense amene angakwanitse kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Chifukwa chake, vanillin, mankhwala opangidwa mwaluso, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu pakuphika. Pali matumba okhala ndi zokometsera zotere m'nyumba iliyonse.

Ndi chiyani china chomwe mungasinthire vanila pod ndi:

• Chotsitsa cha vanila - tinthu tating'ono tonunkhira tomwe timayika mumowa.
• Essence - kulowetsedwa kowonjezera kwa vanila.
• Vanilla ufa - zidutswa za mbewu zosweka.
• Vanila shuga - wachilengedwe (mapoto amakutidwa ndi shuga ndipo, otsekedwa mwamphamvu, amaumirira masiku 7 - 10) ndi opangira (shuga amasakanikirana ndi vanila).

Cosmetology

Makampani okongoletsera apeza kugwiritsa ntchito zopindulitsa za vanila muzodzola zokongoletsera - zonunkhira zimaphatikizidwa muzopaka ndi mankhwala a tsitsi. Komanso kununkhira kwa vanila kumakondedwa ndi onunkhira.

Cosmetology imapanga zinthu zochokera ku vanila ndi mafuta ofunikira.

Kukonzekera zodzikongoletsera ndi vanila kumakhala ndi phindu pakhungu:

• kuyeretsa ndi kuchotsa pigmentation;
• kuchepetsa kuyabwa, kuchepetsa;
• kulimbikitsa moisturizing ndi kufewetsa;
• kamvekedwe, kupangitsa khungu kukhala zotanuka;
• kulimbana ndi zotsatirapo zoipa za chilengedwe.
• Mafuta a vanila ndi a mzere wa zodzoladzola zamtengo wapatali.

Zokometsera monga chimodzi mwa zigawo zake ndi gawo la zodzoladzola tsitsi: shampoos, conditioners, balms, gels.

Chinthu chamtengo wapatali chachilengedwe - mafuta a vanila, okongoletsa amalangiza kuti agwiritse ntchito ngati masks a tsitsi. Phindu lake ndikudyetsa, kunyowetsa khungu ndi zingwe chifukwa cha zinthu zake zogwira ntchito. Ndi madontho ochepa chabe a mafuta a vanila omwe amawonjezeredwa ku chigoba cha tsitsi, ma curls adzakhala a silky ndi voluminous.

Mafuta a vanila amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera:

• osakaniza osambira omasuka - amaphatikizanso uchi, mkaka, kirimu, mafuta a rose;
• scrub kwa cellulite zochokera pansi khofi nyemba ndi amondi mafuta.
• Mafuta a vanila amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutikita minofu - amathandiza kudyetsa khungu, kuthetsa kutupa, kuthetsa mavuto.

Vanilla mu mankhwala

Makampani opanga mankhwala amagwiritsa ntchito vanila popanga mankhwala azitsamba.

Zindikirani: Mankhwala a Galenic ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka pochotsa ku zomera. Iwo ali mu mawonekedwe a tinctures ndi akupanga (mowa ndi amadzimadzi).

Mankhwala omwe ali ndi vanila amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza:

• khunyu, kulimbikitsa ntchito ya minofu;
• zilonda zam'mimba, colitis, mavuto am'mimba;
• kuchepa magazi, kuchepa kwa vitamini;
• kusowa tulo;
• ululu pa nthawi ya kusamba;
• climacteric matenda;
• matenda osokoneza bongo;
• mavuto a chikhalidwe cha kugonana - kuonjezera libido.
• Makampani opanga mankhwala amagwiritsa ntchito vanila ngati fungo lamankhwala. Kuchiritsa mafuta ofunikira amapangidwa kuchokera ku chomera. Kukhazikika kwake ndi kokhuthala komanso kowoneka bwino, kununkhira kwake kumapitilira komanso zokometsera.

Mu aromatherapy, mafuta a vanila amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse kupsinjika ndi kukwiya, kukonza kugona, komanso kupumula. Kununkhira kwa zonunkhira kumathandiza thupi kupanga serotonin, hormone ya chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo. Mafuta ofunikira a vanila amagwira ntchito pochiza matenda a ENT.

7 mfundo zosangalatsa za vanila

Kununkhira kwa vanila kumathandizira kupanga "hormone yosangalatsa" - serotonin. Vanilla pods ndi imodzi mwa zonunkhira zodula kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chifukwa - mwatsatanetsatane mu mfundo 7.

1. Kugawidwa kwa botanical, ndiko kuti, malo omwe vanila imamera, imakhazikika mozungulira equator. N’chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunika kudziwa? Chifukwa vanila ndi imodzi mwa zonunkhira zodula kwambiri padziko lapansi, pamodzi ndi safironi. Pambali yayikulu, amatsatiridwa ndi nutmeg ndi tsabola wa pinki.
2. Kunena momveka bwino, vanila ndi duwa, ndipo poto wokhumbidwa ndi chipatso cha duwa lomwe limapanga pambuyo pa maluwa. Mitengo imatengera kutchuka kwa zokometsera, kufunikira kwakukulu, komanso kuvutikira kwa mipesa. Ngakhale mutatulutsa mungu wochita kupanga, theka lokha la maluwa limabala zipatso.
3. Dziko lakwawo la vanila limatengedwa kuti ndi Central America, kapena ndendende, Mexico. Kumeneko n’kumene mpaka lero akupezeka kuthengo. Amakhalanso ndi Phwando la Vanilla, lomwe limakondwerera mu June. Fungoli limafalikira mumlengalenga kwa makilomita angapo.
4. Mwa mitundu yoposa zana yodziwika ya zomera, zitatu zokha zimalimidwa ndikukula mwapadera - Vanilla planifolia Andrews - nyemba zabwino kwambiri mpaka 25 cm, zomwe zimakula makamaka ku Madagascar; Vanila pompona Schiede - nyemba zazifupi, koma zofanana zabwino; Vanilla tahitensis JW Moore - Vanila wa ku Tahiti wotsikirapo.
5. M’zaka za m’ma 14, Aaziteki ankagwiritsa ntchito vanila ngati ndalama. Ankakhoza kugula chakudya chofunika, katundu, ankalipira msonkho.
6. Vanillin, choloweza m'malo mwa vanila wachilengedwe, alibe chochita ndi nyemba zamasamba. Makhiristo opanda mtundu amakhala ndi chilinganizo chamankhwala C8H8O3. Vanillin idapangidwa kuyambira 1858, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoyambira, zoyamba, makungwa a paini, kenako mafuta a clove, lignin (zinyalala zochokera kukupanga mapepala), chinangwa cha mpunga, ndipo tsopano kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira petrochemical.
7. Mbewu za vanila ndizofunika kwambiri pakuphika. Ngakhale kulawa kwawo kowawa komanso koopsa, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera za confectionery ndi mkaka.

Natural vanila shuga kunyumba

Chinsinsi chosavuta kunyumba ndi shuga wa vanila. Mukhoza kusakaniza zonse zoyera (beetroot) ndi shuga wakuda, wa nzimbe. Kuti muchite izi, tengani mtsuko umodzi wa vanila, dulani utali wake ndikudula njere ndi mpeni. Sakanizani mu chidebe chosinthika (mtsuko, mbale ya shuga) ndi 500 g shuga, ikani madontho otsala pamenepo ndikusiya kwa masiku 3-5, kutseka mwamphamvu chivindikirocho. Zikakhala zazitali, m'pamenenso fungo lake limakula kwambiri. Shuga wotere angagwiritsidwe ntchito muzophika kapena monga zotsekemera za tiyi, khofi, compotes, odzola.