Mwachilengedwe, mutha kupeza nyama zazikulu zomwe zakudya zawo zimangokhala ndi zakudya zazomera. Awa ndiwo zamasamba enieni. Kamba wa Galapagos amasiyana ndi anzawo kukula kwake kwakukulu: chipolopolocho chimatha kukhala masentimita 130 ndi kulemera mpaka 300 kilogalamu.
Malo okhala nyama yayikuluyi ndi Zilumba za Galapagos, kapena momwe zimadziwikanso kuti Turtle Islands. Mbiri ya dzina la malowa ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi akamba a Galapagos. Amalinyero atafika kuzilumba m'zaka za zana la 15, adapeza kuti akukhalidwa ndi "Galapagos" zazikulu, zomwe zikutanthauza kamba ku Spain.
Akamba a Galapagos amakhala ndi moyo wautali ndipo amatha kusangalala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 180. Ngakhale asayansi adalemba milandu iwiri pomwe nyama yosangalatsayi idakhala zaka zoposa 300: Cairo Zoo 1992, ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 400, kamba wamwamuna adamwalira m'malo omwewo, mu 2006 "mkazi" wa chimphona chachitali- chiwindi ali ndi zaka 315 anamwalira. kuti kulemera ndi kukula kwake kwa akamba a ku Galapagos kumatha kusiyanasiyana ndi malo okhala. Mwachitsanzo, kuzilumba zowuma komanso zazing'ono, nyama zimakhala ndi miyendo yayitali komanso yopyapyala, ndipo kulemera kwake sikupitilira kilogalamu 60, pomwe m'malo amvula kwambiri amakula kukhala zimphona.
Zakudya za akamba amphongo zimakhala pafupifupi 90% yazakudya zamasamba. Amasangalala kudya udzu, zitsamba ndipo samapewa ngakhale zomera zakupha, zomwe zimangosungunuka mosavuta ndi dongosolo lawo lakugaya chakudya popanda kuwononga thanzi. Pofunafuna “ndiwo zobiriwira,” kamba wa njovu amatambasula khosi lake kapena, m'malo mwake, amapinda pansi. Zakudya zomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi manzanilla komanso mitengo ya peyala yochokera kubanja la nkhadze. Idyani iwo ochuluka kwambiri, ndiyeno imatenga malita angapo amadzi. Ndikusowa chinyezi, kamba amathetsa ludzu lawo ndi mapeyala omwewo.
Chipembere chakuda ndi nyama yamphamvu, wokhala ku kontrakitala ya Africa (ili pafupi kutha!). Kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi mita zitatu, ndipo kulemera kwake kumatha kupitirira matani awiri. Zipemberezo zimakonda kwambiri gawo lawo, choncho chilala choopsa kwambiri sichingakakamize nyama kuti isamuke. Zakudya za chipembere chakuda zimakhala ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana.
Izi makamaka ndi mphukira zazing'ono zazitsamba, aloe, agave-sansevieria, euphorbia, ndi zomera za mtundu wa Acacia. Nyamayo sichiwopa kuyamwa kwamchere ndi minga yaminga ya tchire. Monga zala, chipembere chimagwiritsa ntchito milomo yake yakumtunda kuti igwire mphukira za tchire, poyesa kukhutiritsa njala ndi ludzu. Nthawi yotentha yamasana, chipembere chakuda chimagona mumthunzi wamitengo kapena kusamba matope pafupi ndi mathithi, ndipo madzulo kapena m'mawa kwambiri amapita kukadya.
Ngakhale ndi wamkulu kwambiri, chipembere ndi wothamanga kwambiri, ngakhale wowoneka bwino, koma amatha kufikira liwiro la makilomita 50 mu ola limodzi. Zipembere zakuda zimakonda kukhala zokha, mayi ndi mwana yekha ndi omwe amapezeka awiriawiri. Nyama zazikuluzi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi bata, zimatha kuthandiza anzawo munthawi yovuta.
Koala kapena chimbalangondo cha ku Australia
Koala amawoneka ngati mwana wa chimbalangondo. Ali ndi malaya okongola, mphuno mosabisa, ndi makutu oterera. Amakhala m'nkhalango ku Australia. Koala amakhala nthawi yayitali mumitengo ya bulugamu. Amakwera pamwamba pake, ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono. Samatsikira pansi kawirikawiri, makamaka kuti akwere mtengo wina, womwe uli kutali kwambiri kuti ungalumphirepo.
Koala imadyetsa kokha bulugamu. Amagwiritsa ntchito ma koala monga nyumba komanso chakudya. Nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka, koala imasankha bulugamu kuti adye. Izi ndichifukwa choti bulugamu amakhala ndi poyizoni wa hydrocyanic acid, ndipo kutengera nyengo, zomwe zili mu asidi m'miyala yosiyanasiyana zimasiyanasiyana. Microflora yapadera yamatumbo a koalas imalepheretsa zotsatira za ziphezi. Koala imadya pafupifupi kilogalamu ya masamba patsiku. Nthawi zina amatha kudya ndi nthaka kuti abwezeretse mchere m'thupi.
Ma Koala ndi ocheperako, amatha kukhala osayenda mpaka maola 18. Nthawi zambiri amagona masana, ndipo usiku amayenda kuchokera pamtengo umodzi kupita pamtengo wina kufunafuna chakudya.
Kukula kwa koala wamkulu mpaka 85 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake kumakhala pakati pa 4 mpaka 13 kg.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti ma koala, monga anthu, ali ndi mawonekedwe pamapadi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zala za koala ndi munthu zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa ngakhale atayang'aniridwa ndi microscope.
Njovu zaku Africa
Njovu ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi pano. Makulidwe ake amafikira matani khumi ndi awiri. Amakhalanso ndi ubongo waukulu kwambiri womwe umalemera mpaka 6 kg. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti njovu zimawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazinyama zanzeru kwambiri kuzungulira. Amakhala ndi zokumbukira zabwino. Amatha kukumbukira osati malo omwe adakhalako komanso malingaliro abwino kapena oyipa omwe anthu amakhala nawo.
Njovu ndi zolengedwa zosangalatsa. Thunthu lawo limasinthasintha modabwitsa, mothandizidwa ndi njovu imatha: kudya, kumwa, kupuma, kusamba ndikupanga mawu. Zimadziwika kuti njovu imakhala ndi minyewa yambiri mumtengo wake. Mamba a njovu amakhalanso olimba kwambiri. Amakula m'moyo wonse. Minyanga ya njovu ndi yotchuka pakati pa anthu ndipo mwatsoka njovu zambiri zimafa chifukwa cha njovu. Malonda ndi oletsedwa, koma mwatsoka, izi sizimayimitsa osaka nyama. Omenyera ufulu wa nyama abwera ndi njira yosangalatsa komanso yothandiza yoteteza njovu: zimalimbikitsa nyama kwakanthawi ndikupaka zikopa zawo ndi utoto wapinki. Utoto uwu sutsukidwa, ndipo fupa ili siloyenera kupanga zokumbutsa.
Njovu zimadya kwambiri. Pakakula, njovu imadya pafupifupi makilogalamu 136 patsiku. Amadyetsa zipatso, udzu, makungwa, komanso mizu ya mitengo. Amagona pang'ono, pafupifupi maola 4, nthawi yotsala yomwe amakhala akuyenda maulendo ataliatali.
Mimba mwa nyama zazikuluzikuluzi zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa nyama zina, pafupifupi miyezi 22. Nthawi zambiri, yaikazi imabereka mwana mmodzi njovu zaka zinayi zilizonse. Kulemera kwa njovu yaying'ono ndi pafupifupi 4 kg, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi mita. Ngakhale ndi zazikulu, njovu sizimangosambira bwino komanso ndizothamanga bwino, zimathamanga mpaka 90 km paola.
Njati - njati za ku Europe
Njati za ku Ulaya ndizo nyama zazikulu kwambiri ku Ulaya. Chilombo champhamvu komanso champhamvu ichi ndi mtundu wokhawo wamphongo zazikulu zomwe zatsalabe mpaka pano. Kulemera kwa nyama yayikulu kumatha kufika 1 ton, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala mpaka 300 cm. Nyama yamphamvuyi imakula kwambiri ikamakwanitsa zaka 25. Njati ndi zamphamvu komanso zazikulu, koma izi sizimawalepheretsa kuyenda komanso kuthana ndi zopinga mpaka mita ziwiri. Njati zimakhala zaka pafupifupi XNUMX, akazi amakhala zaka zochepa poyerekeza ndi amuna.
Ngakhale pali mitundu yamphamvu chotere, izi pakuwona nyama zowopsa sizimaika pachiwopsezo kwa anthu ena okhala m'nkhalango, chifukwa chakudya chawo chimangokhala zamasamba zokha. Zakudya zawo zimakhala ndi nthambi ndi mphukira zitsamba, zitsamba ndi bowa. Acorns ndi mtedza ndiwo chakudya chawo chophukira chomwe amakonda. Njati zimakhala ndi ziweto. Amakhala ndi akazi ndi makanda. Amuna amakonda kusungulumwa ndipo amabwerera m'gulu lawo kuti akakwatire. Mimba mu njati yaikazi imatenga miyezi isanu ndi inayi. Ndipo ola limodzi atabadwa, njati zazing'onozo zimatha kuimirira ndi kuthamangira amayi ake. Pambuyo masiku 20, adya kale udzu wokha. Koma kwa miyezi isanu, mkaziyo amapitilizabe kudyetsa mwanawo ndi mkaka.
Njati zinazake zinkakhala kuthengo pafupifupi ku Europe konse, koma kusaka nyama mosalekeza kunapangitsa kuti mbewuzo zitheretu.
Kuswana ndi kuwonjezeranso kuzinthu zina zathandiza kuti zibwezeretse nyama zokongolazi kumalo awo achilengedwe.
Njati zatsala pang'ono kutha. Iwo adatchulidwa mu Red Book ndipo kuwasaka ndikoletsedwa.