White Mold Tchizi

Tchizi za buluu pang'onopang'ono zidachoka m'gulu lazachilendo kupita kuzinthu zodziwika bwino monga mkate wothira zokometsera kapena jamoni. Simufunikanso kupita ku France kwa brie weniweni - ingopita ku sitolo yapafupi. Koma ndi chiyani chomwe chili kuseri kwa chipale chofewa choyera komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a tchizi?

The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine imati mankhwalawa ndi 70% owopsa amafuta a trans, ndipo 30% yotsalayo ndi gwero labwino la calcium (Ca). Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za tchizi za buluu komanso momwe zilili zotetezeka kwa thupi la munthu?

General mankhwala makhalidwe

Tchizi zoyera za nkhungu ndi zofewa, zamafuta zonona komanso kutumphuka koyera.

Popanga mankhwalawa, mitundu yapadera ya nkhungu kuchokera ku mtundu wa Penicillum imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe ili yotetezeka kwa thupi la munthu. Nthawi yakucha ya tchizi ndi pafupifupi milungu 5 ndipo imatha kusiyanasiyana mbali zonse kutengera mitundu ndi mawonekedwe a mankhwalawa. Maonekedwe a tchizi woyera ndi ofanana - oval, ozungulira kapena lalikulu.

Chochititsa chidwi: tchizi chokhala ndi nkhungu zoyera zimatengedwa kuti ndi gulu laling'ono kwambiri poyerekeza ndi, mwachitsanzo, buluu kapena wofiira. Iwo anawonekera patapita nthawi pamashelefu a masitolo akuluakulu ndipo kwa nthawi yaitali anakhalabe okwera mtengo.

Mitundu yotchuka ya white mildew

Bree

Ndi mtundu uwu wa tchizi wabuluu womwe watchuka kwambiri. Ndi tchizi chofewa chopangidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wa ng'ombe. Dzina lake limagwirizanitsidwa ndi chigawo cha ku France, chomwe chili m'chigawo chapakati cha Ile-de-France - malowa amaonedwa kuti ndi malo obadwirako. Bree watchuka padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuzindikirika. Zimapangidwa pafupifupi mbali zonse za dziko lapansi, kubweretsa kukhudza kwapadera kwaumwini ndi kuzindikira malo. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndi chizolowezi kulankhula za Brie banja tchizi, osati za mankhwala enieni.

Mbiri yakale: brie kuyambira nthawi zakale ankawoneka ngati mchere wachifumu. Blanca wa ku Navarre, Countess of Champagne, nthawi zambiri ankatumiza tchizi woyera monga mphatso yamtengo wapatali kwa Mfumu Philip Augustus. Bwalo lonse lachifumu linali losangalala ndi kukoma ndi fungo la tchizi, kotero kwa obwera patchuthi chilichonse anali kuyembekezera mphatso ina yankhungu. Henry IV ndi Mfumukazi Margot sanabisenso chikondi chawo kwa Brie.

Chodabwitsa cha brie ndi mtundu wotumbululuka wokhala ndi zotupa zowoneka bwino zotuwa. Maonekedwe osakhwima a zamkati amakutidwa ndi nkhungu yolemekezeka Penicillium camemberti kapena Penicillium candidum. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amapangidwa ngati keke yokhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 60 cm ndi makulidwe ake mpaka 5 centimita. Kutumphuka kwa nkhungu kumadziwika ndi fungo lodziwika bwino la ammonia, ndipo tchizi pawokha chimatulutsa fungo la ammonia, koma izi sizikhudza kukoma kwake ndi zakudya zake.

Young brie ali wosakhwima wofatsa kukoma. Tchizi akamakula, amakhala akuthwa komanso zokometsera zolemba zake. Lamulo lina lomwe limagwira ntchito kwa brie ndiloti kununkhira kwa tchizi kumadalira kukula kwa tortilla. Kuchepa kwake kumakhala, kuthwa kwa mankhwalawo. Tchizi amapangidwa pamlingo wamakampani nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Imayikidwa pakati pa zomwe zimatchedwa kuti French French cheeses, chifukwa ndizoyeneranso chakudya chamasana kapena chakudya chamadzulo chapadera.

Malangizo. Kuti mukwaniritse mawonekedwe osakhwima ndi kutumphuka wandiweyani, chotsani brie mufiriji maola angapo musanadye. Kutentha koyenera kosungirako ndi +2 mpaka -4 °C.

Boulet d'Aven

Ichi ndi tchizi cha ku France chopangidwa ndi mkaka wa ng'ombe. Dzina lazogulitsa limalumikizidwa ndi mzinda wa Aven. Zinali kuchokera ku Aven komwe mbiri yofulumira ya tchizi ya buluu inayamba.

Poyamba, skim cream kuchokera ku mkaka wa ng'ombe ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pamunsi pa tchizi. Patapita nthawi, Chinsinsi chinasintha, ndipo chigawo chachikulu chinali matope atsopano a tchizi a Marual. Zopangirazo zimaphwanyidwa, zosakanikirana ndi zokometsera zambiri (tarragon, cloves, tsabola ndi parsley zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri), pambuyo pake amapangidwa kukhala mipira kapena ma cones. Kutsika kwa tchizi kumapangidwa ndi chomera chapadera cha annatto, chowazidwa ndi paprika ndi nkhungu zoyera. Nthawi yakucha ya tchizi ndi miyezi iwiri mpaka itatu. Pakukhwima, kutumphuka kumanyowa nthawi ndi nthawi mumowa, zomwe zimapereka kununkhira kowonjezera komanso kununkhira kowonjezera.

Tchizi zozungulira katatu kapena zozungulira sizimalemera magalamu 300. Chogulitsacho chimakutidwa ndi kutumphuka kofiira konyowa, komwe kumakhala ndi paprika ndi nkhungu. Pansi pake amabisa thupi loyera ndi splashes owala wa zonunkhira. Mafuta opangidwa ndi mankhwalawa ndi 45%. Zolemba zazikulu za kukoma zimapereka tarragon, tsabola ndi maziko a mkaka. Bulet d'Aven amadyedwa ngati chakudya chachikulu kapena amatumizidwa ngati chotupitsa cha gin kapena vinyo wofiira.

camembert

Ndi mtundu wa tchizi wofewa wamafuta. Iwo, monga mankhwala ambiri a tchizi, amakonzedwa pamaziko a mkaka wa ng'ombe. Camembert amapaka utoto wowoneka bwino wonyezimira kapena woyera ngati chipale chofewa, wokutidwa ndi nkhungu. Kunja kwa tchizi kumakutidwa ndi Geotrichum candidum, pamwamba pake nkhungu ya fluffy Penicillium camemberti imapanganso. Chodabwitsa cha mankhwalawa chimakhala mu kukoma - kukoma kofewa kofewa kumaphatikizidwa ndi zolemba zowoneka bwino za bowa.

N’zochititsa chidwi kuti wolemba mabuku wachifalansa Leon-Paul Farg analemba kuti fungo la Camembert n’lofanana ndi “fungo la mapazi a Mulungu” ( Le camembert, ce fromage qui fleure les pieds du bon Dieu ).

Camembert amachokera ku mkaka wonse wa ng'ombe. Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa mkaka wosakanizidwa kumalowetsedwa muzolembazo. Kuchokera pa malita 25 a mkaka wamadzimadzi, mutha kupeza mitu 12 ya tchizi yokhala ndi magawo awa:

• makulidwe - 3 cm;
• m'mimba mwake - 11,3 cm;
• kulemera kwake - 340 g;

Nyengo yotentha imatha kusokoneza kusasitsa kwa mankhwalawa, kotero tchizi zimakonzedwa kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Meyi. Mkaka wopanda pasteurized umatsanuliridwa mumitundu yayikulu, yosiyidwa kwakanthawi, kenaka rennin rennet imawonjezedwa ndipo kusakaniza kumaloledwa kupindika. Pakupanga, madziwa amasakanikirana nthawi ndi nthawi kuti apewe zonona za sludge.

Zovala zokonzeka zimatsanuliridwa muzitsulo zachitsulo ndikusiya kuti ziume usiku wonse. Panthawi imeneyi, Camembert amataya pafupifupi ⅔ ya kulemera kwake koyambirira. M'mawa, teknoloji imabwerezedwa mpaka tchizi tipeze zofunikira. Ndiye mankhwala ndi mchere ndi kuvala alumali kuti kusasitsa.

Chofunika: kukula ndi mtundu wa nkhungu zimadalira zizindikiro za kutentha kwa chipinda chomwe tchizi chimakhwima. Kukoma kwapadera kwa Camembert ndi chifukwa cha kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhungu ndi chitukuko chawo chotsatira. Ngati kutsatizana sikutsatiridwa, mankhwalawa adzataya mawonekedwe oyenera, kutumphuka ndi kukoma.

Camembert amanyamulidwa m'mabokosi opepuka amatabwa kapena mitu ingapo yodzaza ndi udzu. Moyo wa alumali wa tchizi ndi wochepa, choncho akuyesera kuti agulitse mwamsanga.

Neuchatel

Tchizi wa ku France, womwe umapangidwa ku Upper Normandy. Chikhalidwe cha neuchatel chimapangidwa ndi kutumphuka kowuma kowuma kokutidwa ndi nkhungu zoyera, komanso zotanuka zokhala ndi fungo la bowa.

Tekinoloje yopanga nechatel sinasinthe kwambiri pazaka mazana angapo za kukhalapo kwa mankhwalawa. Mkaka umatsanulidwa muzitsulo zotentha, rennet, whey amawonjezeredwa ndipo kusakaniza kumasiyidwa kwa masiku 1-2. Pambuyo pake, whey imatsanulidwa, bowa wa nkhungu amalowetsedwa mu vat, kenaka tchizi zimakanikizidwa ndikusiyidwa kuti ziume pazitsulo zamatabwa. Neuchatel imathiridwa mchere ndi dzanja ndikusiyidwa kuti ikhwime m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kwa masiku osachepera 10 (nthawi zina nthawi yakucha imakulitsidwa mpaka milungu 10 kuti ikwaniritse kukoma kwakuthwa ndi zolemba za bowa).

Mafuta amafuta omalizidwa ndi 50%. Kutsika aumbike youma, velvety, yokutidwa ndi woyera yunifolomu nkhungu. Neuchatel imadziwika ndi mtundu wapadera wamafayilo. Nthawi zambiri, zimakonzedwa ndikugulitsidwa ngati mtima wawung'ono kapena wocheperako, osati mawonekedwe ozungulira, bwalo kapena lalikulu.

Zothandiza katundu wa mankhwala

Kumbuyo kwa fungo lapadera ndi maonekedwe osasangalatsa sikungokhala mwaluso wa kupanga tchizi, komanso nkhokwe ya phindu la thupi la munthu. Penicillium nkhungu yomwe imavala mankhwalawa imawonedwa ngati yabwino komanso yopindulitsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chiyani?

M'makampani a tchizi, Penicillium roqueforti ndi Penicillium glaucum amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Amawonjezeredwa ku misa ndi jekeseni, pambuyo pake akuyembekezera kucha ndi kukula kwa nkhungu. Penicillium imalimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi, imapha microflora yovulaza, imatsuka matumbo ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a mtima.

Asayansi apeza chodabwitsa chotchedwa "French Paradox". Chodabwitsa chokha ndichakuti France ili ndi chiwopsezo chotsika kwambiri cha matenda amtima padziko lapansi. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa vinyo wofiira ndi tchizi wokhala ndi nkhungu zabwino pazakudya zatsiku ndi tsiku za ku France. Tchizi amadziwikadi ndi anti-inflammatory effect. Zimathandiza kuyeretsa mafupa ndi mitsempha ya magazi, kuwateteza ku kutupa, ndikuwonjezera ntchito zogwira ntchito.

Chochititsa chidwi: Penicillium imachepetsa ukalamba wa thupi la munthu ndipo, monga bonasi yabwino, imathandizira kuchotsa cellulite.

The zikuchokera tchizi ndi nkhungu woyera monga Retinol (vitamini A), calciferol (vitamini D), nthaka (Zn), magnesium (Mg), potaziyamu (K) ndi calcium (Ca). Zakudya zonsezi zimathandiza kuti thupi lathu likhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Zothandiza za tchizi:

• kulimbitsa mafupa, minofu ndi mano;
• kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha multiple sclerosis;
• kusintha kwa kulamulira kwa psycho-emotional state, kugwirizanitsa dongosolo lamanjenje;
• normalization wa kagayidwe kachakudya zako;
• chitetezo chowonjezera ndi kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi;
• kuwongolera madzi bwino m'maselo ndi minofu;
• kuwonjezera mphamvu, kulimbikitsa maselo a ubongo, kusintha kukumbukira ndi ntchito zamaganizo;
• kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere;
• yambani njira yogawa mafuta achilengedwe.

Koma palinso mbali ina ya ndalamazo. Chigawo chachikulu cha tchizi ndi mkaka wa nyama chiyambi. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti munthu wamkulu safuna mkaka, ndipo kumwa kwake kochuluka kumabweretsa zizindikiro zosasangalatsa - ziphuphu, mavuto a m'mimba, kuchepa kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, kusagwirizana, nseru ndi kusanza.

Ngati n'kotheka, perekani m'malo mwa tchizi wotengera mkaka wa nkhosa kapena mbuzi. Amakhala ndi shuga wochepa wamkaka, omwe timasiya kuyamwa tikafika zaka 5-7. Chinthu chachikulu sikugwiritsa ntchito molakwika tchizi. Ichi ndi chinthu chopatsa mphamvu kwambiri chokhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, ochulukirapo omwe amakhudza kwambiri munthu. Dzichepetseni kuluma pang'ono kuti musangalale ndi kukoma, koma ndi bwino kukhutiritsa njala yanu ndi nyama, masamba, zipatso kapena mbewu.

Tchizi wowopsa ndi chiyani?

Salt

Tchizi amadziwika kuti ndi mchere wambiri. Malinga ndi Consensus Action on Salt and Health, zimatenga malo atatu pambuyo pa mkate ndi nyama yankhumba. Pa magalamu 3 aliwonse a mkaka pali pafupifupi magalamu 100 amchere (mulingo watsiku ndi tsiku ndi mamiligalamu 1,7). Kuchuluka kwa mchere mumitu yoyera yankhungu kumaposa mlingo wake, womwe umalepheretsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya owopsa. Kuchulukirachulukira kwanthawi zonse kwa sodium yodyedwa kumabweretsa osati kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a chamoyo, komanso kuledzera.

Mahomoni

Kodi mahomoni amalowa bwanji mu brie kapena camembert? Yankho lake ndi losavuta – kudzera mu mkaka wa ng’ombe. Kawirikawiri, opanga samasamala za ubwino wa mankhwala omwe aperekedwa, koma za phindu laumwini. Pamenepa, ng'ombe za m'mafamu zimalandira jakisoni wa mahomoni ndi maantibayotiki m'malo mosamalira bwino. Zinthu zonse zopanda chilengedwe izi zimalowa mu mkaka wa nyama, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo kulowa m'thupi la munthu. Zotsatira zake ndikukula kwa mafupa a mafupa, kusalinganika kwa mahomoni, prostate ndi khansa ya m'mawere.

Mapangidwe osokoneza bongo

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ku America masiku ano amadya tchizi kuwirikiza katatu kuposa zaka 3 zapitazo. Zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndizofanana kwambiri ndi za opiate - zimanyenga maselo a mitsempha ndi m'mimba, kutikakamiza kuti tidye mankhwalawa mosasamala.

Zoona zake: Anthu omwe amadalira shuga ndi mafuta amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ofanana ndi omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zinthu zimakula kwambiri chifukwa chakumwa tchizi. Tazolowera kugwiritsa ntchito osati ngati mbale yodziyimira pawokha, komanso monga chowonjezera / msuzi / zokometsera ku chakudya chachikulu.

Mabakiteriya omwe amaopseza mimba

Mu mkaka wopanda pasteurized, nkhuku ndi nsomba zam'madzi, Listeria monocyotogenes imatha kukhazikika. Amayambitsa matenda a listeriosis. Zizindikiro za matendawa:

• kusanza;
• kupweteka kwa minofu;
• kuzizira;
• jaundice;
• malungo.

Zizindikiro zonsezi ndi zoopsa makamaka pa mimba. Listeriosis imatha kuyambitsa kubadwa msanga, kupita padera, sepsis/meningitis/chibayo m'mimba ndi mayi. Ndicho chifukwa chake madokotala amalangiza kuthetsa kwathunthu tchizi zofewa ndi nkhungu zoyera pa nthawi ya mimba ndi yoyamwitsa.

Vuto la kupanga zamakhalidwe abwino

Zokayikira zambiri zimayambitsa kupanga kwabwino kwa mankhwalawa. Simuyenera kudalira zolembedwa "organic" ndi "zamasamba", ndi bwino kuyang'anitsitsa zomwe zili. Tchizi zambiri zimakonzedwa ndikuwonjezera ma enzymes a rennet. Ili ndilo gawo lachinayi la mimba ya ng'ombe. Nthawi zambiri, opanga amagwiritsa ntchito ma enzyme a ng'ombe zongophedwa kumene.

Zofunika. Ngati mukufuna kudya tchizi zamasamba, onetsetsani kuti zosakanizazo zikuphatikizapo bowa, mabakiteriya, kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'malo mwa rennet.

Kodi ndikofunikira kusiya tchizi chokhala ndi nkhungu zoyera? Ayi, chinthu chachikulu ndikuwerenga mosamala zolembazo ndikudziwa nthawi yoti muyime. Yesetsani kupewa zakudya zokhala ndi zowonjezera zambiri komanso zoteteza. Yang'anani zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi GOST (zofuna za boma), osati TU (zofuna za bungwe) ndipo musadye mutu wonse wa tchizi pampando umodzi - tambasulani chisangalalo. Yandikirani zakudya kuchokera pamalingaliro abwino ndikukhala athanzi!

Magwero a