N’chifukwa chiyani madokotala ali akatswiri a maganizo oipa chonchi?

Wothandizirayo akupereka lipoti kwa mkulu wa dipatimentiyo ponena za kuikidwa komalizira: “Ndinayesa kugunda kwa mtima, ndinatenga mwazi ndi mkodzo kuti ndiunike,” iye amandandalika pamakina. Ndipo pulofesayo anamufunsa kuti: “Ndi dzanja? Kodi munagwira dzanja la wodwalayo? Iyi ndi nthano yomwe amakonda kwambiri a Martin Winkler, mlembi wa bukhu la Sachs Disease, lomwe iye mwini adamva kuchokera kwa katswiri wodziwika bwino wa minyewa wa ku France Jean Hamburger.

Nkhani zofananazi zimachitika m’zipatala zambiri ndi m’zipatala. “Madokotala ambiri amachitira odwala monga ngati anali maphunziro chabe, osati anthu,” anadandaula motero Winkler.

“Kupanda chifundo” kumeneku ndi kumene Dmitry wazaka 31 akusimba ponena za ngozi yowopsa imene anachita. Anawulukira kutsogolo kudzera pagalasi lakutsogolo, ndikuthyola msana. “Sindinkathanso kumva miyendo yanga ndipo sindinkadziwa ngati ndingathe kuyendanso,” akukumbukira motero. “Ndinafunikiradi dokotala wanga wochita opaleshoni kuti andichirikize.

M'malo mwake, tsiku lotsatira opaleshoniyo, anabwera kuchipinda changa ndi anthu ake. Popanda kunena moni, adakweza bulangeti ndikunena kuti: "Iwe uli ndi ziwalo pamaso pako." Ndinkangofuna kufuula pamaso pake kuti: "Dzina langa ndi Dima, osati "paraplegia"!", Koma ndinasokonezeka, kupatulapo, ndinali wamaliseche, wopanda chitetezo.

Kodi zimenezi zingatheke bwanji? Winkler akulozera ku dongosolo la maphunziro la Chifalansa kuti: “Mayeso olowera m’masukulu sayesa mikhalidwe ya munthu, koma kukhoza kokha kudzipereka kugwira ntchito kotheratu,” iye akufotokoza motero. “Ambiri mwa osankhidwawo amakhala odzipereka kwambiri ku lingaliro lakuti pamaso pa wodwalayo amakonda kubisala kuseri kwa mbali za chithandizo chamankhwala kuti apeŵe kuyanjana ndi anthu kaŵirikaŵiri kosokoneza. Mwachitsanzo, mapulofesa wothandizira ku yunivesite, otchedwa barons: mphamvu zawo ndi mabuku a sayansi ndi udindo wapamwamba. Amapereka chitsanzo kwa ophunzira kuti apambane.”

Mkhalidwe uwu sunagawidwe ndi Pulofesa Simonetta Betti, Pulofesa Wothandizira wa Kuyankhulana ndi Ubale mu Medicine ku yunivesite ya Milan: "Maphunziro atsopano a yunivesite ku Italy amapatsa madokotala amtsogolo maola 80 olankhulana ndi maubwenzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthekera kolankhulana ndi odwala ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pamayeso a boma paziyeneretso zaukadaulo, zomwe zimawerengera 60% ya chilemba chomaliza.

"Ife, m'badwo wachinyamata, ndife osiyana," akutero Pulofesa Andrea Casasco, mwana wa madokotala, pulofesa wothandizira pa yunivesite ya Pavia komanso mkulu wa Italy Diagnostic Center ku Milan. "Osadzilekanitsa komanso osungika, opanda mphamvu zamatsenga, zopatulika zomwe kale zinkazungulira madokotala. Komabe, makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zipatala ndi zipatala, anthu ambiri amangoganizira kwambiri zamavuto amthupi. Komanso, pali «otentha» ukatswiri - matenda achikazi, Pediatrics - ndi «ozizira» anthu - opaleshoni, radiology: radiologist Mwachitsanzo, alibe ngakhale kukumana ndi odwala.

Odwala ena amaona ngati chabe «mlandu mchitidwe», monga 48 wazaka Lilia, amene anachitidwa opareshoni chifukwa chotupa pachifuwa chake zaka ziwiri zapitazo. Umu ndi mmene amakumbukira mmene ankamvera nthawi iliyonse akapita kukaonana ndi dokotala: “Nthawi yoyamba imene dokotalayo anaphunzira za mmene ndimaonera zinthu, ndinali m’chipinda cholandirira alendo. Ndipo pamaso pa gulu la alendo, iye anafuula kuti: “Palibe chabwino! Analankhula za thupi langa monga mmene makaniko amanenera za galimoto! Ndi bwino kuti anamwinowo anditonthoze.”

Ubale wa dokotala ndi wodwala ungathenso kuchira

Simonetta Betty akupitiriza kuti: “Unansi wa dokotala ndi wodwala umalamuliridwa ndi kusamalana kozikidwa pa chikhulupiriro chakhungu. - M'nthawi yathu ino, ulemu uyenera kupezedwa ndi luso la sayansi ndi njira yofikira kwa wodwalayo. Dokotala ayenera kulimbikitsa odwala kuti azidzidalira okha pa chithandizo, kuwathandiza kuti azitha kupirira matendawa, kuthetsa mavuto: iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yothetsera matenda aakulu.

Ndi kukula kwa matenda omwe muyenera kukhala nawo, mankhwala akusintha, Andrea Casasco akutsutsa kuti: "Akatswiri salinso omwe amakuwonani kamodzi kokha. Matenda a mafupa ndi osokonekera, matenda a shuga, mavuto a circulation - zonsezi zimachitidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, choncho, m'pofunika kumanga ubale. Ine, monga dokotala ndi mtsogoleri, ndimaumirira kuti anthu adziŵike mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa chisamaliro chilinso chida chachipatala.”

Komabe, madokotala akukumana ndi kuyembekezera mopambanitsa kuti chirichonse chikhoza kuthetsedwa ndi kuchiritsidwa, akufotokoza Mario Ancona, katswiri wa zamaganizo, psychotherapist ndi pulezidenti wa Association for the Analysis of Relationship Dynamics, wokonza masemina ndi maphunziro a madokotala aumwini ku Italy. “Kale anthu ankafuna kuthandiza, ndipo tsopano amati akuchiritsa. Izi zimabweretsa nkhawa, kupsinjika, kusakhutira kwa dokotala yemwe akupezekapo, mpaka kutopa. Izi zikugunda madotolo ndi othandizira pawokha mu oncology, chisamaliro chachikulu ndi madipatimenti amisala.

Palinso zifukwa zina: “Kwa munthu amene wasankha njira yothandiza ena, kumakhala kotopetsa kwambiri kuimbidwa mlandu pa zolakwa kapena kusakhoza kuŵerengera mphamvu zawo,” akufotokoza motero Ancona.

Monga fanizo, iye anatchula nkhani ya bwenzi la dokotala wa ana monga chitsanzo: “Ndinapeza zilema za kakulidwe ka khanda limodzi ndipo ndinalamula kuti apimidwe. Wothandizira wanga, pamene makolo a mwanayo anafika, anachedwetsa ulendo wawo kwa masiku angapo popanda kundichenjeza. Ndipo iwo, atapita kwa mnzanga, anabwera kwa ine kudzaponya matenda atsopano pamaso panga. Zomwe ndaziyika kale!

Madokotala achichepere angakonde kupempha thandizo, koma kwa ndani? Palibe chithandizo chamaganizo m'zipatala, ndizozoloŵera kulankhula za ntchito muzochita zamakono, aliyense amawopa kulandira ululu wonse ndi mantha a odwala ngati atsegula chifundo pang'ono. Ndipo kukumana pafupipafupi ndi imfa kumabweretsa mantha kwa aliyense, kuphatikiza madokotala.

Odwala amavutika kuti adziteteze

"Matenda, nkhawa poyembekezera zotsatira, zonsezi zimapangitsa odwala ndi mabanja awo kukhala pachiwopsezo. Mawu aliwonse, zochita zonse za dokotala zimamveka kwambiri,” akufotokoza motero Ancona, ndipo akuwonjezera kuti: “Kwa munthu wodwala, matendawa ndi apadera. Aliyense amene amayendera munthu wodwala amaona kuti matenda ake ndi wamba, wamba. Ndipo kubwereranso bwino kwa wodwalayo kungawoneke ngati kutsika mtengo. ”

Achibale angakhale amphamvu. Tatyana, wazaka 36, ​​(atate ake a zaka 61 anapezeka ndi chotupa m’chiŵindi) anati: “Madokotala atawapempha kuti awapime zambiri, bambo ankatsutsa nthaŵi zonse, chifukwa zonsezo zinkaoneka ngati zopusa kwa iwo. . Madokotala anali kutaya mtima, mayi anga anali chete. Ndinapempha umunthu wawo. Ndinalola kuti maganizo amene ndinkawatsamwitsa atuluke. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo mpaka imfa ya bambo anga ankandifunsa kuti ndikuyenda bwanji. Usiku wina, kapu ya khofi mwakachetechete inali yokwanira kunena zonse.

Kodi wodwalayo ayenera kumvetsetsa zonse?

Lamuloli limakakamiza madokotala kuti apereke chidziwitso chonse. Amakhulupirira kuti ngati tsatanetsatane wa matenda awo ndi njira zonse zochiritsira sizibisika kwa odwala, adzatha kulimbana ndi matenda awo. Koma si wodwala aliyense amene amatha kumvetsetsa zonse zomwe lamulo limalamula kuti afotokoze.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati dokotala akunena kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi chotupa cha ovarian: "Zingakhale zabwino, koma tidzazichotsa pokhapokha," izi zidzakhala zoona, koma osati zonse. Akanayenera kunena kuti: “Pali mwayi woti munthu akhale ndi chotupa. Tisanthula kuti tidziwe mtundu wa chotupa ichi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pali chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa matumbo, aorta, komanso kuopsa kwa kudzuka pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

Chidziwitso chamtunduwu, ngakhale chatsatanetsatane, chingakakamize wodwalayo kukana chithandizo. Choncho, udindo wodziwitsa wodwalayo uyenera kukwaniritsidwa, koma osati mosasamala. Kuonjezera apo, ntchitoyi siili yeniyeni: malinga ndi Msonkhano wa Ufulu Wachibadwidwe ndi Biomedicine (Oviedo, 1997), wodwala ali ndi ufulu wokana kudziwa za matendawa, ndipo pamenepa achibale amauzidwa.

Malangizo 4 kwa Madokotala: Momwe Mungamangire Maubwenzi

Malangizo ochokera kwa akatswiri amisala Mario Ancona ndi pulofesa Simonetta Betty.

1. Muchitsanzo chatsopano chamaganizo ndi akatswiri, kuchiza sikukutanthauza "kukakamiza", koma kumatanthauza "kukambirana", kumvetsetsa zoyembekeza ndi maganizo a amene ali patsogolo panu. Wodwalayo amatha kukana chithandizocho. Dokotala ayenera kuthana ndi kukana uku.

2. Atakhazikitsa kukhudzana, dokotala ayenera kukhala wonyengerera, kulenga mwa odwala chidaliro mu zotsatira ndi kudzidalira, kuwalimbikitsa kukhala odzilamulira ndi mokwanira atengere matenda. Izi sizili ngati khalidwe lomwe nthawi zambiri limapezeka pa matenda ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa, pamene wodwalayo amatsatira malangizo "chifukwa dokotala amadziwa zomwe akuchita."

3. Ndikofunika kuti madokotala asaphunzire njira zolankhulirana (mwachitsanzo, kumwetulira pa ntchito), koma kuti akwaniritse chitukuko cha maganizo, kumvetsetsa kuti kuyendera dokotala ndi msonkhano wina ndi mzake, womwe umapereka malingaliro. Ndipo zonsezi zimaganiziridwa popanga matenda ndikusankha chithandizo.

4. Nthawi zambiri odwala amabwera ndi mulu wa chidziwitso chochokera ku mapulogalamu a pa TV, m'magazini, pa intaneti, zomwe zimangowonjezera nkhawa. Madokotala ayenera kudziwa za mantha awa, omwe angatembenuze wodwalayo motsutsana ndi katswiri. Koma chofunika kwambiri, musamadzinamize kukhala wamphamvuzonse.