Chifukwa chiyani nkhaka zimasanduka zachikasu ndikufota mu wowonjezera kutentha: zifukwa 7

Kutentha ndi kuyatsa

Ichi ndi chikhalidwe cha thermophilic, chifukwa chake chimafunikira kuwala kosakanikirana kwa maola 12 patsiku komanso kutentha kosiyanasiyana kuyambira pa +18 mpaka + 35 madigiri. Madontho otentha sayenera kupitirira madigiri 6. Posachedwa, nyengo yakhala ikusintha, ndipo kusiyana kwa kutentha ndi madigiri 10-15, ndipo izi ndi zovuta kale nkhaka. Chifukwa chake, onetsetsani kuti kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha kumasungidwa pafupifupi pamlingo wofanana, chinyezi sichipitilira 75%, ngakhale nyengo ikusintha. Nkhaka silingalolere kutentha kwa dzuwa (nthawi yomweyo "kuwotcha"), kuzizira kozizira kwambiri (thumba losunga mazira kugwa) komanso kuyatsa kokwanira.

Kuthirira

Kupanda chinyezi kwa nkhaka kumawononga makamaka, chomeracho chimatha mphamvu, zipatsozo zidzasanduka zachikasu. Koma muyenera kuthirira nkhaka molondola.

Muzilamulira chimodzi: kuthirira kumayenera kukhala koyenera panthawi yakukula kwa ma lashes, panthawi ya fruiting, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumawonjezeka, koma ndizosatheka kusefukira chomeracho kwambiri: mizu imavunda chifukwa chinyezi chowonjezera, chomeracho chimamwalira. Onani momwe nthaka ilili.

Lamulo lachiwiri: kuthirira m'mawa kapena madzulo. Masana, padzuwa lowala, izi sizingachitike, masamba amatha kutentha, kukhala achikaso ndi owuma. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa nkhaka zomwe zimakula kutchire.

Lamulo lachitatu: Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musanakhazikitsire madzi othirira m'mitsuko kuti ikhale yotentha komanso yotenthetsera kutentha kwa mbeu, nkhaka zoziziritsa madzi sizilekerera bwino.

Lamulo lachinayi: mutathirira, tsegulani wowonjezera kutentha kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino kuti madzi asamadzipangire pamakoma a wowonjezera kutentha ndi masamba a chomeracho - chinyezi chowonjezera chikuwononga nkhaka. Pambuyo kuthirira, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa.

Kuperewera kapena kuchuluka kwa feteleza

Nkhaka zimafunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi, makamaka ndi kukonzekera kwa nayitrogeni. Koma mukamathirira feteleza, samalani mukamapeza yankho ndikuwona njira yodyetsera, chifukwa chomeracho chitha kufa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu, magnesium, mkuwa.

Kuperewera kwa zinthu zina ndizowopsa kwa nkhaka, koma kuvulazidwa kwakukulu kumachokera pakudya mopitirira muyeso ndi kosayenera - pomwe yankho lifika pamasamba, zopsereza zimayambanso, chomeracho chimasanduka chikasu ndikufota.

Matenda

Nkhaka ndizofooka motsutsana ndi matenda, ndipo mwayi ndiwambiri kuti masamba ndi zipatso zasanduka zachikasu ndi kufota chifukwa chomeracho chikudwala. Zina mwazovuta zake mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi matenda a fungal, mawanga akawonekera pamasamba, zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono, zopindika, thumba losunga mazira atsopano amagwa. Pofuna kuti musakhale opanda mbewu, ndibwino kuti mufunsane ndi akatswiri ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti muchotse matendawa. Ndipo chaka chamawa, mukamabzala, sankhani nthangala za nkhaka zosagwirizana ndi mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya.

Mizu yowola imakhudza chomeracho chifukwa chothirira madzi ambiri (kuphatikiza madzi ozizira), dothi limasungunuka, mizu ya nkhaka ilibe mpweya wokwanira, malo ofooka amapezeka ndi mabakiteriya a phytopathogenic. Masamba pamalopo amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa, chomeracho chimafa.

Nkhungu yakuda Zimachitikanso ndi chinyezi chambiri, mpweya wosasunthika mu wowonjezera kutentha komanso kutsika kwa kutentha. Choncho, nkofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzitsuka mpweya wabwino mutathirira, koma nthawi yomweyo pewani zolemba.

Nkhaka amadwala mosavuta pakagwa mvula, nyengo yozizira yozizira powdery mildew… Ichi ndi fungal matenda: loyera pachimake koyamba pa masamba, tsamba pang'onopang'ono mdima ndi uphwetsa.

Chinyezi chimayambitsa chitukuko ndipo downy cinoni - peronosporosis. Masamba a nkhaka amaphimbidwa ndi "mame" achikaso, madera omwe ali ndi kachilombo amakula, chomeracho chimauma. Mafangasi amatha kupezeka m'mbeu. Gawo logwira la matendawa ndi Juni-Ogasiti.

Ngati nkhaka zimamera masana ndikumachira usiku, ndiye kuti pali kuthekera kuti chomeracho chimakhudzidwa fusarium akufuna… Ndi bowa wina wokhala ndi nthaka womwe umafalitsa mbewu ndi mphepo ndipo umafalikira kudzera mu nthanga. Kwa kanthawi, chomeracho chimayamba, koma ndikuwoneka ngati ovary, chimasowa mphamvu, masamba amafota ndikufa.

nsikidzi

Ili ndi vuto lokulirapo polima masamba. Ndipo wowonjezera kutentha wokhala ndi microclimate yake komanso zinthu zake zodzitchinjiriza siziteteza zomera ku tizilombo toononga. Zelentsy amawukira pafupipafupi kuposa ena kangaude… Imawoneka kutalika kwa chilimwe, kutentha, imadziphatika mkati mwa masamba ndikuyamba kuluka ukonde. Nkhaka zikwapu zimafota, masamba amasanduka achikasu.

Vuto lina limakhala nsabwe… Imadyetsa udzu wazomera ndipo imatha kuwononga zokolola mwakanthawi kochepa. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimanyamulidwa ndi nyerere, zomwe nthawi zonse zimakhala zambiri mu wowonjezera kutentha. Momwe mungachotsere nyerere, werengani apa.

Wina wamkulu wokonda chikhalidwe cha nkhaka ndi kutentha njereza… Zowona, ndizosavuta kuthana nazo: mankhwala azitsamba, mwachitsanzo, yankho la adyo, thandizo, amapanganso misampha - zotengera zachikaso zowala ndi madzi otsekemera.

Kutera kopanda kupambana

Ngati mbande zidabzalidwa patali pang'ono kuchokera pamenepo, ndiye kuti mbewuzo zimasowa kuwala, mpweya ndi michere. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhaka sizigwirizana m'munda wapafupi ndi mbewu zina, monga tomato. Pachifukwa ichi, zikwapu za nkhaka zimakhalanso ndi mphamvu, kutulutsa thumba losunga mazira.

 Palibe kuyendetsa mungu

Masamba a nkhaka amafota ngati mulibe mungu wokwanira. Ngati mitundu yambewu yambewu yamaluwa imakula mu wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kutsegula zitseko ndi mawindo a wowonjezera kutentha kuti mupeze tizilombo, mutha kuyika yankho lokoma mu wowonjezera kutentha - izi zidzakopa njuchi. Ngati mitundu yodzipangira mungu imabzalidwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwathandiza mwakunyamula pang'ono zikwapu.