Aspergillosis ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wamtundu wa Aspergillus. Matenda amtunduwu amapezeka makamaka m'mapapo, ndipo makamaka mwa anthu osalimba komanso / kapena omwe alibe chitetezo chamthupi. Mankhwala angapo a antifungal amatha kuganiziridwa kutengera zomwe zikuchitika.

Tanthauzo la aspergillosis

Aspergillosis ndi mawu azachipatala omwe amaphatikiza matenda onse oyambitsidwa ndi bowa amtundu wa Aspergillus. Zimachitika chifukwa chokoka mpweya wa spores wa bowawa (omwe ali m'njira ina mbewu za bowa). Pachifukwa ichi, aspergillosis imapezeka makamaka m'mapapo, makamaka m'mapapo.

Chifukwa cha aspergillosis

Aspergillosis ndi matenda omwe amapezeka ndi bowa wamtundu wa Aspergillus. Mu 80% ya milandu, ndi chifukwa cha zamoyo Aspergillus fumigatus. Mitundu ina, kuphatikizapo a. Niger, A. nidulans, A. flavus, ndi A. versicolor, angakhalenso chifukwa cha aspergillosis.

Mitundu ya aspergilloses

Tikhoza kusiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aspergillosis:

• Matupi a bronchopulmonary aspergillosis omwe ndi hypersensitivity reaction kwa mitundu ya Aspergillus, makamaka yomwe imapezeka mu asthmatics ndi anthu omwe ali ndi cystic fibrosis;
• aspergilloma, pulmonary aspergillosis yomwe imayambitsa mapangidwe a fungal mpira m'mapapo ndipo amatsatira matenda am'mbuyomu monga chifuwa chachikulu kapena sarcoidosis;
• aspergillary sinusitis omwe ndi osowa mawonekedwe a aspergillosis mu sinuses;
• zowononga aspergillosis pamene matenda ndi Aspergillus fumigatus amachoka m'mapapo kupita ku ziwalo zina (ubongo, mtima, chiwindi, impso, etc.) kudzera m'magazi.

Kuzindikira kwa aspergillosis

Zimatengera kuwunika kwachipatala komwe kungawonjezedwe ndikuwunika mozama:

• kusanthula kwachitsanzo chachilengedwe kuchokera kudera lomwe lili ndi kachilomboka kuti azindikire mtundu wa mafangasi;
• x-ray kapena CT scan ya malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.

Anthu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi aspergillosis

Nthawi zambiri, thupi limatha kulimbana ndi mitundu ya Aspergillus ndikuletsa aspergillosis. Matendawa amapezeka pokhapokha ngati mucosa wasinthidwa kapena ngati chitetezo cha mthupi chafooka.

Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi aspergillosis chimakhala chokwera kwambiri pazifukwa izi:

• mphumu;
• enaake fibrosis;
• mbiri ya chifuwa chachikulu kapena sarcoidosis;
• kuyika ziwalo, kuphatikizapo kuyika mafupa;
• chithandizo cha khansa;
• mkulu mlingo ndi yaitali corticosteroid mankhwala;
• neutropenia nthawi yayitali.

Zizindikiro za kupuma

Aspergillosis imayamba chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kudzera munjira yopuma. Nthawi zambiri imayamba m'mapapo ndipo imawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za kupuma:

• chifuwa ;
• kuimba muluzu;
• kupuma movutikira.

Zizindikiro zina

Kutengera mawonekedwe a aspergillosis ndi njira yake, zizindikiro zina zitha kuwoneka:

• malungo ;
• sinusitis;
• rhinitis;
• mutu;
• matenda a malaise;
• kutopa;
• kuonda;
• kupweteka pachifuwa;
• sputum wamagazi (hemoptysis).

Izi Aspergillus matenda makamaka mankhwala ndi mankhwala antifungal (monga voriconazole, amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, echinocandins, etc.).

Pali zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a antifungal sathandiza aspergilloma. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chingakhale chofunikira kuti muchotse mpira wa fungal. Ponena za matupi awo sagwirizana ndi bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, chithandizo chimachokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids ndi aerosols kapena pakamwa.

Kupewa kungaphatikizepo kuthandizira chitetezo chamthupi cha anthu osalimba komanso kuchepetsa kuwonekera kwawo ku spores za bowa zamtundu wa Aspergillus. Kwa odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, kudzipatula m'chipinda chosabala kutha kukhazikitsidwa kuti ateteze kufalikira kwa aspergillosis ndi zotulukapo zowopsa.