Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 200 | Tsamba 1684 | 11.9% | 6% | 842 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 15 ga | 76 ga | 19.7% | 9.9% | 507 ga |
| mafuta | 15.6 ga | 56 ga | 27.9% | 14% | 359 ga |
| Zakudya | 1.4 ga | 219 ga | 0.6% | 0.3% | 15643 ga |
| Water | 66.9 ga | 2273 ga | 2.9% | 1.5% | 3398 ga |
| ash | 2.9 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 10 | Makilogalamu 900 | 1.1% | 0.6% | 9000 ga |
| Retinol | 0.01 mg | ~ | |||
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.03 mg | 1.5 mg | 2% | 1% | 5000 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.1 mg | 1.8 mg | 5.6% | 2.8% | 1800 ga |
| Vitamini B4, choline | 45 mg | 500 mg | 9% | 4.5% | 1111 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.3 mg | 2 mg | 15% | 7.5% | 667 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.4 mg | 15 mg | 2.7% | 1.4% | 3750 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 7.2 mg | 20 mg | 36% | 18% | 278 ga |
| niacin | 4 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 172 mg | 2500 mg | 6.9% | 3.5% | 1453 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 37 mg | 1000 mg | 3.7% | 1.9% | 2703 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 21 mg | 400 mg | 5.3% | 2.7% | 1905 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 644 mg | 1300 mg | 49.5% | 24.8% | 202 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 150 mg | 1000 mg | 15% | 7.5% | 667 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 150 mg | 800 mg | 18.8% | 9.4% | 533 ga |
| Mankhwala, Cl | 452 mg | 2300 mg | 19.7% | 9.9% | 509 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 2 mg | 18 mg | 11.1% | 5.6% | 900 ga |
| Amino Acids Ofunika | |||||
| Arginine * | 1.11 ga | ~ | |||
| valine | 0.69 ga | ~ | |||
| Mbiri * | 0.57 ga | ~ | |||
| Isoleucine | 0.82 ga | ~ | |||
| nyalugwe | 1.22 ga | ~ | |||
| lysine | 1.36 ga | ~ | |||
| methionine | 0.43 ga | ~ | |||
| Methionine + cysteine | 0.69 ga | ~ | |||
| threonine | 0.6 ga | ~ | |||
| tryptophan | 0.18 ga | ~ | |||
| chithuvj | 0.55 ga | ~ | |||
| Phenylalanine + Tyrosine | 1 ga | ~ | |||
| Amino acid osinthika | |||||
| alanine | 0.81 ga | ~ | |||
| Aspartic asidi | 1.09 ga | ~ | |||
| Hydroxyprolines | 0.12 ga | ~ | |||
| glycine | 0.7 ga | ~ | |||
| Asidi a Glutamic | 1.76 ga | ~ | |||
| Mapuloteni | 0.7 ga | ~ | |||
| serine | 0.53 ga | ~ | |||
| tyrosin | 0.45 ga | ~ | |||
| Cysteine | 0.25 ga | ~ | |||
| sterols | |||||
| Cholesterol | 62 mg | pa 300 mg | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 5.5 ga | maulendo 18.7 г | |||
| 14: 0 Zachinsinsi | 0.15 ga | ~ | |||
| 15:0 Pentadecanoic | 0.02 ga | ~ | |||
| 16: 0 Palmitic | 3.01 ga | ~ | |||
| 17-0 margarine | 0.04 ga | ~ | |||
| 18: 0 Stearin | 1.04 ga | ~ | |||
| Monounsaturated mafuta zidulo | 7.61 ga | Mphindi 16.8 г | 45.3% | 22.7% | |
| 14:1 Miristoleic | 0.02 ga | ~ | |||
| 16: 1 Palmitoleic | 1.01 ga | ~ | |||
| 17:1 Heptadecene | 0.05 ga | ~ | |||
| 18:1 Olein (omega-9) | 6.47 ga | ~ | |||
| 20: 1 Chidole (9) | 0.06 ga | ~ | |||
| Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | 2.06 ga | kuchokera 11.2 mpaka 20.6 | 18.4% | 9.2% | |
| 18: 2 Linoleic | 1.99 ga | ~ | |||
| 18: 3 Wachisoni | 0.06 ga | ~ | |||
| 20:4 Arachidonic | 0.01 ga | ~ | |||
| Omega-3 mafuta acids | 0.06 ga | kuchokera 0.9 mpaka 3.7 | 6.7% | 3.4% | |
| Omega-6 mafuta acids | 2 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 | 42.6% | 21.3% |
Mphamvu ndi 200 kcal.
- vitamini B6 amatenga nawo mbali pakukonzekera chitetezo cha mthupi, zoletsa ndi kusokonekera mkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje, potembenuza amino acid, kagayidwe ka tryptophan, lipids ndi ma nucleic acid, kumathandizira kupangika kwa ma erythrocyte, kukonza mulingo wabwinobwino ya homocysteine m'magazi. Mavitamini B6 osakwanira amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa njala, kuphwanya mkhalidwe wa khungu, kukula kwa homocysteinemia, kuchepa magazi.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
- Chlorine zofunika mapangidwe ndi katulutsidwe wa asidi hydrochloric mu thupi.
- Iron ndi gawo la mapuloteni azinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza michere. Nawo nawo mayendedwe ma elekitironi, mpweya, zipangitsa njira ya redox zimachitikira ndi kutsegula kwa peroxidation. Kusakwanira kumwa kumabweretsa hypochromic magazi m'thupi, myoglobin-atony wopanda mafupa a mafupa, kuwonjezeka kutopa, myocardiopathy, atrophic gastritis.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.