Kukumbukira kwa eidetic: kujambula zithunzi ndi chiyani?

Kukumbukira kwa eidetic: kujambula zithunzi ndi chiyani?

Tikudziwa mamvekedwe abwino koma timaiwala kuti kukumbukira, ngakhale zitakhala zosowa kwambiri, kumatha kukhala kopanda tanthauzo.

Kodi kukumbukira eidetic ndi chiyani?

Anthu ena amatha kusunga zithunzi zawo, zomveka, ndi zinthu zina zazing'onozing'ono m'makumbukiro awo. Zingapatse munthuyo mwayi wokhala kwakanthawi kochepa, kukumbukira bwino chithunzi chomwe chaperekedwa kwa masekondi 30 ngati kuti chithunzicho chikuwonekabe.

Monga kukumbukira kwina kulikonse, kukula kwa kukumbukira kumatengera zinthu zingapo monga:

  • nthawi ndi pafupipafupi kukhudzana ndi chidwi;
  • kuzindikira;
  • kufunikira kwa munthuyo;
  • etc.

Timalankhula za kukumbukira kwathunthu, kujambula zithunzi kapena kukumbukira eidetic, kuchokera ku Greek "eido", kutanthauza "kuwona", eidos, mawonekedwe. Zithunzi za eidetic sizabwino kwenikweni, chifukwa zimakonda kusokoneza ndikuwonjezera, monga kukumbukira kwa episodic. Kwa Alan Searleman, pulofesa wama psychology (St Lawrence University, New-Yort St), si zachilendo kuti anthu omwe amakumbukira eidetic asinthe kapena kupanga zowonera. Izi zikusonyeza kuti zithunzi za eidetic sizomwe zimajambula mwachilengedwe, koma zimamangidwanso kuchokera pamtima ndipo zimatha kutengera zochitika zina (zowoneka komanso zosawoneka) kudzera mukuzindikira.

Kukumbukira kwachibadwa kapena kopezeka?

Kukhalapo kwenikweni kwa kukumbukira eidetic ndikutsutsana. Ngati ilipo, kodi kukumbukira ndikobadwa kapena kopezeka. Adrian de Groot (1914-2006), Pulofesa wama psychology wachi Dutch komanso wosewera wamkulu wa chess, adatsutsa nthanoyi poyesa kuthekera kwa akatswiri odziwika bwino a chess kuti alowe pamtima zovuta zomwe zidapangidwa. Ochita masewerawa adatha kukumbukira zambiri zodabwitsa kuposa momwe amachitira akatswiri. Izi zimabweretsa kuthandizira kukumbukira eidetic. Koma atatha kuwonetsa akatswiriwo zosatheka m'masewera enieni, zolondola zomwe amakumbukira zinali zofanana ndi zamasewera. Izi zidatanthawuza kuti osewerawo anali ndi kuthekera koloweza pamtima kuneneratu zamapangidwe amasewera m'malo mokhala ndi luso la eidetic.

Kwa zaka khumi, wofufuza Ralph Norman Haber adasanthula kukumbukira kwa ana azaka zapakati pa 7 mpaka 11. Kukumbukira kwa eidetic kumapezeka mwa ana ochepa. Chodabwitsa, ana omwe amakumbukira eidetic adalankhula za chithunzichi pakadali pano, ngati kuti chimakhala patsogolo pawo nthawi zonse, chidalembedwa muubongo wawo. Malinga ndi Pulofesa Andy Hudmon (Dipatimenti ya Neurobiology, Stanford), kukumbukira kwa ma eidetic kwakukulu kwa ana kuposa achikulire kukuwonetsa kuti kusintha kwachitukuko kumachitika nthawi ina, mwina panthawi yopeza maluso ena, zomwe zingasokoneze kuthekera ya eidetic memory.

Zomwe osewera chess adachita

Asayansi ambiri amati kukumbukira kosaneneka kumakhala ndi kuthekera kokulumikizana kapena kulinganiza zomwe zimayenera kuloweza pamtima, osati kukumbukira eidetic kwenikweni.

Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri ambiri a chess ali ndi kuthekera kokumbukira pomwe zidutswa za chess nthawi iliyonse pamasewera. Kutha kukhala ndi chithunzi cholondola m'malingaliro a chessboard kumalola osewerawa kusewera ma chessboard angapo nthawi imodzi, ngakhale atakutidwa m'maso. Chifukwa chake sizosadabwitsa kuti ofufuza adawona kuti akatswiri a chess ali ndi kuthekera kokumbukira kwambiri ma chess kuposa omwe amayeserera omwe samasewera chess. Komabe, pomwe ofufuza adatsutsa akatswiri a chess omwe ali ndi mitundu ya board, akatswiri ochita masewerawa sanali abwino kuposa osewera a chess pokumbukira mitundu ya chess. Chifukwa chake, posintha malamulo amasewera, ofufuzawo adawulula kuti kuthekera kochititsa chidwi kwa osewerawa kuloweza pamutu zowonera za chess (mwina chifukwa chomwe anthuwa amapangira chess) sichinali chofanana ndi kukumbukira zithunzi. Anthu omwe ali ndi chikumbukiro chenicheni cha eidetic amayenera kutanthauzira ndikutha kukumbukira ndikukumbukira mwatsatanetsatane ngakhale zowoneka mwachisawawa.

Osasakanikirana

Ngakhale zili zotsutsana, ofufuza ena amakhulupiriranso kuti kuyerekezera za eidetic kumachitika pafupipafupi mwa anthu ena amisala (makamaka, mwa anthu omwe kuchedwa kwawo kumachitika chifukwa cha zachilengedwe m'malo moyambitsa zachilengedwe) komanso pakati pa anthu ovutika.

Kim Peek, wa ku America yemwe ali ndi Asperger's Syndrome (matenda a neurodevelopmental of genetic), yemwe adalimbikitsa wolemba Raymond Babbitt, ngwazi yaku kanema wa Rain man yemwe adaseweredwa ndi Dustin Hauffman, anali ndi ma eidetic memory ndipo anali ataloweza pamabuku opitilira 10. Zinatenga masekondi khumi kuti ndiwerenge tsamba. Buku lokhala ndi moyo lenileni, kuthekera kwake kuloweza zidziwitso zambiri zamulolanso kuti akhale GPS weniweni wa anthu, mosasamala kanthu za mzinda womwe adakhalako.

Woteteza wina kukumbukira, a Stephe Wiltshire, adatchedwa "camera man". Autistic wokhala ndimakumbukiro eidetic, amadziwika kuti amatha kutulutsa malo mwatsatanetsatane atawona pang'onopang'ono. Samalani, kukumbukira eidetic ndi mtundu wapadera wokumbukira. Sitiyenera kusokonezedwa ndi hypermnesia kapena kukweza kukumbukira. Yotsirizira ndi psychopathology yodziwika bwino kwambiri pamakumbukidwe azambiri komanso nthawi yochulukirapo yoperekera kukumbukira zakale.

Siyani Mumakonda