Maluwa a Eremurus (shiryash): chithunzi, kufotokozera, kubzala, chisamaliro, kuuma kwa nyengo yozizira

Duwa la eremurus limawoneka lokongola pamapangidwe amunda ndipo silifuna chisamaliro chovuta. Koma musanabzale chomera, ndikofunikira kuphunzira zofunikira zake pamikhalidwe.

Kufotokozera za zomera

Eremurus, kapena shiryash (Eremurus) ndi herbaceous osatha wa banja la Xanthorreaceae. Ili ndi rhizome yayifupi ya minofu, njira zake zimakhala zozungulira kapena zozungulira. Tsinde la duwa ndi limodzi, lamaliseche. Masamba amawuka mwachindunji kuchokera muzu ndikupanga rosette m'munsi mwa chitsamba. Mambale ndi athyathyathya, liniya-trihedral, keeled m'munsi.

Zosatha ndizofala kumadera akumwera kwa Europe, komanso ku Central ndi Western Asia kumadera ouma. M'dziko Lathu, mutha kukumana ndi chomera ku Crimea ndi Caucasus. Duwalo limakhazikika m'malo adzuwa, limakonda dothi lamchenga kapena lamchenga.

Duwa la eremurus, kutengera mitundu, limatha kufika kutalika kwa 0,5-3 m.

Zima zovuta za eremurus

Chomera chosatha chimalimbana ndi chisanu. M'madera otentha, eremurus imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -28 ° C. Nthawi yomweyo, ma rhizomes a chomera amafunikira kutenthetsa mosamala kuchokera ku chisanu ndi mphepo.

Kodi eremurus imaphuka liti?

Eremurus imabweretsa masamba oyera, achikasu, pinki kapena ofiirira, kupanga burashi yayikulu, koyambirira kwa chilimwe - kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Ma inflorescence osatha ndiatali, mpaka 60 cm, amaloza pang'ono pamwamba.

Nthawi yamaluwa ya eremurus imatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Kenako zipatso zimapangidwa - mabokosi ozungulira a cell atatu okhala ndi makwinya kapena osalala.

Ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yanji yomwe mungasankhe?

Zithunzi za maluwa a eremurus pabedi lamaluwa zikuwonetsa kuti zosatha zimayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yambiri. Pali mitundu ingapo yomwe imakonda kwambiri wamaluwa.

Eremurus angustifolia

Shiryash yopapatiza, kapena Bunge (Eremurus stenophyllus) - osatha mpaka 1,7 m kutalika. Ili ndi mphukira zosavuta zamphamvu komanso muzu wamfupi woyima wokhala ndi njira ngati chingwe. Masamba a chomeracho ndi obiriwira-wobiriwira, ambiri, pafupifupi 2 cm mulifupi. Ma inflorescence ali ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical, amakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi perianth yowoneka ngati belu.

Ma inflorescence a eremurus opapatiza amatha kutalika masentimita 80

Eremurus ndi wodabwitsa

Shiryash wodabwitsa, kapena woyimira (Eremurus spectabilis) amafika 2 m kuchokera pansi. Imamasula m'mawu apakati, nthawi zambiri imamasula mu Meyi. Chithunzi ndi kufotokozera za mitundu yachikasu ya eremurus zikuwonetsa kuti masamba amitundumitundu ndi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ma stamen aatali. Masamba ndi bluish mu hue, ndi m'mphepete mwake.

Shiryash yodabwitsa imayamba kuphuka koyamba zaka 5-8 mutabzala

Eremurus Himalayan

Eremurus ya Himalaya (Eremurus himalaicus) imagawidwa mwachilengedwe kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Afghanistan ndi Western Himalayas. Imafika 1,8 m pamwamba pa nthaka, tsinde ndi lopanda kanthu, lonyezimira, masamba ake ndi obiriwira owala, mpaka 67 cm. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi ma cylindrical inflorescences, opangidwa ndi masamba mpaka 4 cm kudutsa ndi masamba oyera ndi ulusi woonda. Nthawi yokongoletsera imayamba mu June ndipo imatha mpaka pakati pa chilimwe.

Himalayan Shiryash amadziwika mu chikhalidwe kuyambira 1881

Eremurus wamphamvu

Shiryash wamphamvu (Eremurus robustus) - chomera chofikira 1,2 m kuchokera pansi. Amapanga masamba ambiri oyera kapena owala apinki omwe amatsutsana ndi masamba obiriwira akuda. Pambale ndi pa tsinde lopanda duwa pali duwa laling'ono lofiirira.

Eremurus yamphamvu imamera m'mphepete mwa mapiri a Tien Shan

Crimea Eremurus

Crimea eremurus (Eremurus tauricus) ndi mtundu wamtunduwu womwe umamera mwachilengedwe ku Crimea ndi madera ena a Transcaucasia. Ili ndi tsinde zowongoka, zopanda masamba komanso masamba atali, otambalala mpaka 60 cm. Zithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe a Crimea eremurus akuwonetsa kuti mitunduyi imabweretsa ma apical snow-white inflorescences. Zosatha ndizosamva chilala, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'nkhalango za pine ndi nkhalango zopepuka, pamiyala yamchere ndi shale.

Maluwa ku Crimea Shiryash amawonekera kuyambira Meyi mpaka Julayi

Eremurus Altai

Altai eremurus (Eremurus altaicus) amakwera mpaka 1,2 m kuchokera pansi. Ili ndi rhizome yayifupi yokhuthala komanso masamba omangika a xiphoid kapena liniya-lanceolate. Kutalika kwa mbalezo ndi pafupifupi 40 cm. Chomeracho chimamasula ndi masamba otumbululuka achikasu, osonkhanitsidwa m'maburashi mpaka 30 cm.

Mutha kukumana ndi Altai Shiryash ku Altai, komanso kumayiko aku Central Asia

Momwe mungabzalire eremurus

Kukula eremurus ndikusamalira sizimayenderana ndi zovuta zazikulu. Potseguka, mbewuyo imasamutsidwa m'dzinja - nthawi zambiri kuyambira koyambirira mpaka pakati pa Seputembala. Pamalo osatha, malo adzuwa komanso otseguka okhala ndi nthaka yothira bwino amasankhidwa. Chomeracho chimafuna nthaka yopanda ndale kapena yamchere pang'ono, imatha kuyikidwa pamiyala.

Algorithm yobzala maluwa ikuwoneka motere:

1. Malo osankhidwa amakumbidwa, ngati kuli kofunikira, kupanga bedi lamaluwa lokwezeka la chomera.
2. Maenje amakonzedwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu zozama mpaka 30 cm.
3. Miyala kapena miyala yophwanyidwa imatsanuliridwa pansi pamabowo, ndipo dothi lachonde limayikidwa pamwamba kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha mchenga, dothi la soddy ndi kompositi.
4. Mosamala kulungani mbande m'maenje ndikuwongola mizu m'mbali.
5. Lembani mabowo mpaka kumapeto ndipo pang'onopang'ono tambani nthaka ndi manja anu.
6. Patsani madzi okwanira ndi madzi otentha.

Ngati mukufuna kuyika mbewu zingapo pamalopo, 50 cm yaulere imasiyidwa pakati pawo.

Kusamalira Eremurus m'munda

Kusamalira duwa la eremurus ndikosavuta. Ndi kubzala koyenera, chomeracho chimamera msanga, m'tsogolomu ndikofunikira kuti mupereke chisamaliro choyenera.

Kuthirira

Chomeracho sichimva chilala ndipo sichifuna chinyezi chambiri. Ngati mutabzala eremurus m'chaka, idzangofunika kuthiriridwa mochuluka kwa masabata 3-4 musanazule. Duwa likamera pansi, chinyezi chimachepa. Kuthirira kumachitika kokha nyengo yotentha ndi kusakhalapo kwamvula. Mukabzala m'dzinja, ndikofunikira kunyowetsa nthaka isanayambe nyengo yozizira.

Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ozizira okhazikika pothirira duwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nthaka popanda dzuwa lowala, m'mawa kapena madzulo.

Top kuvala eremurus

M'chaka, amaloledwa kudyetsa eremurus ndi kukonzekera kovuta ndi nayitrogeni kapena manyowa owola. Feteleza amathandizira kukula kwa misa yobiriwira komanso maluwa ochulukirapo.

Kumayambiriro kwa autumn, superphosphate imawonjezeredwa kunthaka pamalowo pamlingo wa 40 g pa 1 mita.². Zovala zapamwamba zidzalimbitsa kupirira kwa duwa ndikuwonjezera kulimba kwake kwachisanu. Kawirikawiri, chikhalidwe sichifuna feteleza wambiri - osatha amamva bwino pa nthaka yosauka.

Kukonza

Duwa silifuna kukongoletsa tsitsi. Komabe, m'chilimwe tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa tsinde lophwanyika pamodzi ndi masamba owuma - izi zidzasunga kukongola kwa osatha.

Kudulira kwa autumn kumachitika kokha pambuyo pa chikasu cha masamba. Mabala obiriwira sangathe kukhudzidwa - akupitiriza kudyetsa rhizome ya duwa. Ngati mudula masamba pasadakhale, kukana kwa chisanu kwa osatha kumavutika.

zogwiriziza

Mitundu yamaluwa yomwe ikukula pang'ono sifunikira chithandizo ikakula. Koma pafupi ndi tchire lalitali, tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa mitengo yamatabwa yomangiriza zimayambira. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, osatha amatha kuchoka ku mphepo yamphamvu.

Mukhoza kumanga eremurus kuti muthandizidwe ndi mpanda kapena mpanda wamatabwa

Kuzizira

Eremurus osatha nyengo yozizira bwino popanda pogona mosamala panjira yapakati komanso kudera la Moscow. Kumayambiriro kwa autumn, ndikofunikira kulimbitsa zotsalira za mbewuyo ndi masamba ndi nthambi za spruce ndi wosanjikiza pafupifupi 20 cm. Kuzizira mpaka -30 ° C pakadali pano sikungawononge duwa.

Eremurus ku Siberia amafunikira malo otetezeka kwambiri. Chimanga chimamangidwa pamwamba pa duwa ndipo agrofiber imakokedwa pamwamba pake, ndiyeno yosathayo imayikidwanso ndi nthambi za coniferous. Ngati nyengo yozizira ikuyembekezeka kuzizira kwambiri, mutha kungokumba duwalo pansi ndikuliyika mumdima wamdima wouma mpaka masika.

Nthawi ndi momwe mungasinthire eremurus

Nthawi ndi nthawi, duwa pamalopo limafunikira kuyika. Pafupifupi kamodzi pazaka zinayi zilizonse, mbewu yosathayo imakumbidwa bwino pansi ndikusanjidwa bwino. Zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri komanso zathanzi zimabzalidwa m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono, ma tubers ang'onoang'ono amaikidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono m'malo amodzi.

Eremurus ikhoza kubzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika kapena pakati pa autumn. Duwa liyenera kukhala lopumula, apo ayi zidzakhala zovuta kuti izike mizu m'nthaka.

Momwe mungafalitsire eremurus

Pakufalitsa eremurus, njira ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - vegetative ndi mbewu. Yoyamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chifukwa imakulolani kudikirira maluwa kale.

Mwa magawano

Duwalo limafalikira mwachangu ndi ma rosettes omwe amatuluka pansi pafupi ndi chomera chachikulu. Ana amabzalidwa motsatira ndondomeko iyi:

1. Mosamala alekanitse rosette yaing'ono ku rhizome.
2. Shiryash amathandizidwa ndi fungicidal wothandizira komanso chothandizira kupanga mizu kuti alowe mwachangu.
3. Tumizani chomera cha mwana wamkazi ku dzenje lokonzekera.
4. Kuwaza ndi nthaka ndi madzi ambiri.

Njira yogawanitsa imagwiritsidwa ntchito zaka 5-6 zilizonse. Njirayi ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ichitike kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa autumn, kumapeto kwa maluwa.

Ngati ana samapatukana ndi eremurus wamkulu ndi kuthamanga kwa kuwala, ndi bwino kuwasiya mpaka chaka chamawa

Mbewu

Duwa likhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Kubzala mbewu kwa mbande nthawi zambiri kumachitika kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Kwa osatha, chidebe chozama mpaka 12 cm chimasankhidwa ndikudzazidwa ndi dothi lopatsa thanzi, koma lopepuka.

Algorithm yobzala maluwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito motere:

1. Mbewu zimabzalidwa m'nthaka yonyowa mpaka kuya kwa 1,5 cm.
2. Thirirani nthaka mochuluka ndikuphimba chidebecho ndi pulasitiki.
3. Ndi mpweya wokhazikika, duwa limamera pa kutentha pafupifupi 15 ° C.
4. Ngati ndi kotheka, re-moisten nthaka.

Kuwombera kwa eremurus kumawoneka mochedwa - osati kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mbande imodzi imatha kumera mpaka zaka ziwiri. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mbande zimatengedwa kupita ku mpweya wabwino patatha chaka chimodzi mutabzala, zitagawira kale mbewuzo mumiphika. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa silichotsedwa m'chipindamo, koma limakutidwa mosamala ndi kompositi kapena nthambi za spruce. Zomera zolimbikitsidwa zimabzalidwa pamalo otseguka patatha zaka zitatu.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Duwa lokongoletsera, ngati malamulo a chisamaliro akuphwanyidwa, akhoza kudwala matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuopsa kwa iye ndi:

• nsabwe za m'masamba - tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timadya timadziti ta zomera ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa duwa;
  
  

  Kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi madzi a sopo kumathandiza bwino

• mbewa - tizilombo towononga mizu ya eremurus ndikuyambitsa kufa msanga kwa mbewu;
  
  

  Mukhoza kuchotsa mbewa ndi nyambo zakupha

• chlorosis - masamba osatha omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala otumbululuka ndikukhala achikasu;
  
  

  Chlorosis imakhudza shiryash pa nthaka yosauka kwambiri yokhala ndi chitsulo chochepa

• dzimbiri - zikwapu zakuda ndi mawanga amapanga pa mbale za zomera, pang'onopang'ono zobiriwira zimazimiririka.
  
  

  Dzimbiri pa eremurus limayamba nyengo yamvula komanso yofunda

Ndikofunikira kuchiza osatha kuchokera ku bowa ndi Fitosporin, Skor kapena Topaz kukonzekera, komanso mkuwa sulphate. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika pachizindikiro choyamba cha matenda, mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa kwambiri zimangochotsedwa pamalowo.

Chifukwa chiyani eremurus sichimaphuka

Ngati eremurus sichibweretsa maburashi a maluwa, m'pofunika, choyamba, kuwerengera zaka za zomera. Zosatha zimayamba kuphuka m'chaka chachinayi cha moyo, mumitundu ina masamba oyamba amawonekera pambuyo pa zaka 6-8.

Ngati eremurus wamkulu saphuka, izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo:

• kusowa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa;
• chinyezi chochulukirapo;
• kutentha otsika.

Ndikosavuta kuyambiranso eremurus ngati sichita maluwa chifukwa cha kuthirira madzi m'nthaka. Pankhaniyi, m`pofunika kuchepetsa pafupipafupi kuthirira ndi m`tsogolo osati kusefukira chikhalidwe. Ngati mbewu yosatha yabzalidwa pamalo opanda pake ndipo ilibe kutentha ndi kuwala, chomwe chatsala ndikuchikumba ndikuchisamutsira pamalo abwino.

Chithunzi cha eremurus pakupanga mawonekedwe

Popanga malo, eremurus imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri - duwa ndi lokongoletsa kwambiri, lolimba ndipo silifuna chisamaliro chovuta. M'mundamo, mbewu zosatha zimabzalidwa ngati gawo la mabedi amaluwa aluso, kuphatikiza ndi zikhalidwe zina. Makamaka, anansi abwino a duwa ndi awa:

• maluwa ndi geleniums;
• rudbeckia;
• lavenda;
• malungo;
• maluwa ndi gladiolus;
• irizi.

Mutha kuyika duwa pamalo adzuwa ndi dothi louma lamiyala. Zosatha sizimavutika ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo sizitaya kuwala kwamtundu.

Eremurus amayang'ana bwino m'miyala yozungulira pafupi ndi chimanga chokongoletsera

Mitundu yayitali ya mbewu imalola kupanga mipanda ndi malire m'mundamo. Pabedi lamaluwa, chikhalidwecho chimayikidwa kumbuyo kuti zisatseke zina zosatha.

Eremurus sichizimiririka m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito podula.

Kutsiliza

Duwa la eremurus ndi lodzichepetsa, loyandikana ndi zina zambiri zosatha m'mundamo ndipo silimadwala bowa. Choyipa chachikulu cha mbewuyo ndikukula pang'onopang'ono mutabzala.

Ndemanga za eremurus