Exobasidium lingonberry (Exobasidium vaccinii) chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Cowberry Exobasidium (Exobasidium vaccinii)

Kufalitsa:

Exobasidium lingonberry (Exobasidium vaccinii) imapezeka nthawi zambiri pafupifupi m'nkhalango zonse za taiga mpaka kumalire a kumpoto kwa nkhalango ku Arctic. Kumayambiriro kapena pakati pa chilimwe, masamba, ndipo nthawi zina mapesi aang'ono a lingonberries, amakhala opunduka: madera omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka masamba amakula, pamwamba pa malo omwe ali pamwamba pa masamba amakhala opindika ndipo amakhala ofiira. Pansi pa masamba, madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi otukukira, oyera ngati chipale chofewa. Malo opunduka amakhala okhuthala (nthawi 3-10 poyerekeza ndi masamba abwinobwino). Nthawi zina zimayambira zimapunduka: zimakhuthala, zimapindika ndikusanduka zoyera. Nthawi zina, maluwa amakhudzidwanso. Pansi pa microscope, n'zosavuta kukhazikitsa kusintha kwakukulu mu kapangidwe ka tsamba. Maselo ndi okulirapo kuposa kukula kwake (hypertrophy), ndi akulu kuposa momwe amakhalira. Chlorophyll kulibe m'maselo a madera omwe akhudzidwa, koma pigment yofiira, anthocyanin, imapezeka mu sap cell. Amapereka masamba okhudzidwa ndi mtundu wofiira.

Ma hyphae a bowa amawonekera pakati pa maselo a lingonberry, pali ena ambiri pafupi ndi pansi pa tsamba. hyphae yokhuthala imakula pakati pa maselo a epidermal; pa iwo, pansi pa cuticle, basidia wamng'ono amakula. Cuticle imang'ambika, kukhetsedwa mzidutswa, ndipo pa basidium iliyonse yokhwima 2-6 ma basidiospores owoneka ngati spindle amapangidwa. Kuchokera kwa iwo, chophimba choyera, choyera ngati chisanu, chowonekera pansi pa tsamba lomwe lakhudzidwa, likuwonekera. Basidiospores, kugwera mu dontho la madzi, posakhalitsa amakhala 3-5-celled. Kuchokera kumbali zonse ziwiri, spores amakula pamodzi ndi hypha yopyapyala, kuchokera kumapeto kwake komwe conidia yaying'ono imadulidwa. Iwo amatha kupanga blastospores. Kupanda kutero, ma basidiospores amamera omwe amagwera pamasamba aang'ono a lingonberry. Hyphae yomwe imatuluka ikamera imadutsa mu stomata ya masamba kulowa mu mmera, ndipo mycelium imapangidwa pamenepo. Pambuyo pa masiku 4-5, mawanga achikasu amawoneka pamasamba, ndipo pakatha sabata ina, matenda a lingonberry amakhala ndi chithunzi. Basidium imapangidwa, spores zatsopano zimatulutsidwa.

Kukula kwathunthu kwa Exobasidium lingonberry (Exobasidium vaccinii) kumafuna pasanathe milungu iwiri. Exobasidium lingonberry (Exobasidium vaccinii) ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa mikangano kwa mibadwo yambiri ya mycologists. Asayansi ena amawona bowa wa exobasidial ngati gulu lakale, lomwe limatsimikizira lingaliro la chiyambi cha hymenomycetes kuchokera ku bowa wa parasitic; Choncho, bowawa amaimiridwa mu machitidwe awo mu dongosolo lodziimira patsogolo pa ma hymenomycetes ena onse. Ena, monga mlembi wa mizere iyi, amaona bowa wa exobasidial ngati gulu lapadera kwambiri la bowa, monga nthambi ya mbali ya chitukuko cha saprotrophic primitive hymenomycetes.

Description:

Thupi la zipatso za Exokobasidium lingonberry (Exombasidium vaccinii) palibe. Choyamba, patatha masiku 5-7 mutadwala, mawanga achikasu-bulauni amawonekera pamwamba pa masamba, omwe amasanduka ofiira pakatha sabata. Malowa amatenga mbali ya tsamba kapena pafupifupi tsamba lonse, kuchokera pamwamba pake amakanikizidwa mu tsamba lopunduka ndi kuya kwa 0,2-0,3 cm ndi kukula kwa 0,5-0,8 cm, wofiira wofiira ( anthocyanin). Pansi pa tsamba pali chotupa chokhuthala, chotupa chofanana ndi kukula kwa masentimita 0,4-0,5, chokhala ndi malo osagwirizana komanso zokutira zoyera (basidiospores).

Zamkati:

Kufanana:

Ndi mitundu ina yapadera ya Exobasidium: pa blueberries (Exobasidium myrtilli), cranberries, bearberries ndi heathers ena.

Kuwunika: