Nsomba bream

Banja la carp ndilofala kwambiri m'makontinenti ambiri, njira yapakati, madera ena a kumpoto ndi kum'mwera ndi abwino kwambiri kwa moyo wawo. Oimira ambiri ndi odziwika kwa asodzi amateur ndi othamanga, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuti woyambitsa amvetsetse nsomba. Kodi bream ndi chiyani, mawonekedwe ake onse a moyo, kukoma, zothandiza ndi zovulaza zidzaphunziridwanso.

Kufotokozera

Kodi bream imawoneka bwanji? Nsomba, monga tafotokozera kale, ndi za cyprinids ndipo zimakhala ndi maonekedwe ake, chifukwa chake zidzakhala zovuta kuzisokoneza ndi oimira ena a ichthyofauna ya dziwe lililonse. Komabe, oyamba kumene nsomba nthawi zambiri amaika munthu wamng'ono, mkangaziwisi, pambali ndi siliva bream, ndipo nthawi zina diso loyera. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti anthu okhala m'mitsinje ndi nyanja ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, munthu ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa maonekedwe awo.

Woimira wochenjera wa cyprinids amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe angapo a thupi:

• kuphwanyidwa, koma thupi lalitali, kutalika nthawi zambiri kumafika gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a utali wa munthu;
• mutu waung'ono wachibale ndi thupi, maso aakulu, pakamwa amatha ndi chubu;
• chipsepse chapamwamba ndi chopapatiza chowoneka bwino chimapangitsa nsomba kukhala yayitali;
• chipsepse cha kumatako chimagwira ntchito ngati keel, cheza cha dazeni atatu chimathandizira wokhala ndi ichthy kukhala wokhazikika;
• pozindikira, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku caudal fin; mu bream, gawo lakumtunda ndi lalifupi kuposa lapansi.

Thupi lonse la nsomba limakutidwa ndi mamba, mwa achinyamata ndi imvi, mwa anthu okhwima amasiyanitsidwa ndi utoto wamkuwa. Pakati pa zipsepse za anal ndi ventral, mamba sakhalapo; mbali imeneyi ndi yapadera kwa iye. Pali mitundu ya oimira ma cyprinids omwe ali ndi mtundu wakuda, koma sizodziwika pakati panjira.

Ziyenera kumveka kuti malo amadzi okha, omwe mitunduyi imakhalamo, imakhudzanso mtunduwo. Anthu a m'nyanja amakonda kukhala akuda kuposa achibale awo amtsinje.

Chiyembekezo cha moyo wa woimira cyprinids ndi zaka 8-10, ndizosowa kupeza munthu wachikulire yemwe ali ndi zaka 20. Zitsanzo za Trophy zimatengedwa kuti ndi 70-80 cm kutalika, pamene kulemera kwake kumayambira 4 kg.

Kubalana

Nsomba za Bream ndizofala kwambiri m'madzi ambiri; mutha kuzipeza zonse m'malo amadzi okhala ndi mafunde komanso ndi madzi osasunthika. Kuberekana, ndiko kubereka, kumachitika m'madera osiyanasiyana nthawi zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri mkatikati mwa msewu uku ndi kumapeto kwa April-kuyambira kwa May, koma nyengo nthawi zambiri imapanga kusintha kwawo.

Woimira ma cyprinids amakonda kumera m'malo oberekera, pomwe maphunzirowo amayamba nthawi yayitali isanakwane. Kuyambira mwezi wa February, oimira ambiri amtunduwu amayamba kukwera kumtunda, akufunafuna malo abwino kwambiri oberekera. Kusunthaku kumatsagana ndi zhor, zoweta za bream panthawiyi nthawi zambiri zimasiya pansi padziwe.

Mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri yoberekera imaganiziridwa pamadzi otentha a 12-15 digiri Celsius. Choyamba, mwamuna amafufuza malo, ndiye pali kulimbana kwa dona, chifukwa adzasankha woimira wamphamvu komanso wogwira ntchito. Bream yaikazi imayamba kupukuta udzu ndi mimba yake, motero imasiya mazira m'madzi otentha, ndiye kuti nkhaniyo imakhalabe ndi mwamuna.

Malo abwino kwambiri oberekera ndi madambo amadzi, pomwe udzu umakhala pansi pamadzi kokha kasupe. Anthu amathanso kuswana m'malo ena, chachikulu ndikuti zomera zomwe zili kumeneko ndizokwera. Mizu yamitengo, sedge, mabango ndi oyenera izi.

Bream spawning si yaitali, pambuyo nsomba sadwala, koma amayamba mwachangu kubwezeretsa mphamvu ndi chakudya chochuluka.

Habitat

Kodi bream imapezeka kuti? Funso ili layankhidwa kale pang'ono pamwambapa. Pali ma subspecies angapo:

• mtsinje bream;
• lake bream:
• nyanja bream.

Amagawidwanso mu semi-ndime ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika.

Ndikofunika kuti anglers adziwe komwe bream imakhala, kudziwa kuti chidziwitsochi chidzapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzigwira. Chifukwa chake, mutha kupeza woyimira wochenjera komanso wochenjera wa cyprinids:

• Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, nthawi zambiri amapita kukagona pamadzi osaya, amakonda malo okhala ndi zomera;
• pamene madzi akuwotcha, woimira cyprinids adzayang'ana malo opanda phokoso, pang'onopang'ono amasunthira ku maenje ndi madzi ozizira;
• m'dzinja, mukhoza kuzipeza pa maenje, ming'alu, pamalire a zomera zam'madzi ndi madzi oyera;
• idzakhala m'nyengo yozizira m'dzenje lachisanu, koma mozama, imasiya nthawi ndi nthawi kuti idye.

Malo oyembekezeka kwambiri opha nsomba ndi magombe otsetsereka a mitsinje ndi nyanja, mchenga kapena dongo pansi lokhala ndi silt yochepa, zomera zam'madzi zimangolandiridwa, miyala yochepa imaloledwa. Driftwood ndi mitengo yogwa m'madzi imakopanso munthu wokhalamo, kwa iye awa ndi malo abwino okhalamo.

M'malo osungiramo madzi a Krasnoyarsk ndi Irtysh, bream idabzalidwa mongoyerekeza, koma idazika mizu bwino, idasinthidwa mwachangu ndikusangalatsa ang'ono ndi kuluma pafupipafupi.

Kalendala yoluma

Chaka chilichonse, pamtundu uliwonse wa nsomba, amawonjezera kalendala yawo yoluma, bream ndi chimodzimodzi. Komabe, kwa wokhalamo wa ichthy uyu, munthu akhoza kulingalira njira yapadziko lonse, ndithudi, yosinthidwa ndi nyengo m'dera linalake.

Potsatira kalendala iyi, mutha kutenga chikhomo chenicheni.

Ziyenera kumveka kuti zizindikirozi zimaperekedwa kumadera apakati ndi akumwera, kumpoto chithunzicho chidzakhala chosiyana pang'ono.

Njira zophera nsomba

Mphepete mwa banja lomwe nsomba zinapezeka, malo okhala nawonso adadziwika. Kodi kugwira wochenjera ndi osamala m'madzi okhala? Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira zingapo, iliyonse yomwe ingakhale yothandiza. Chosankha chiyenera kupangidwa ndi msodzi mwiniwakeyo, ndiye yekhayo amene angadziwe zoyenera kwambiri zomwe mungasankhe.

Kuchokera kumphepete mwa nyanja

Ambiri amasodza nsomba za bream kuchokera kumphepete mwa nyanja, chifukwa cha izi mungagwiritse ntchito mitundu ingapo yazitsulo. Sitiyenera kuweruza momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito, aliyense amadzisankhira yekha zomwe zili zoyenera kwambiri mwazosankha:

• gulu lotanuka kapena bulu wokhala ndi mphira wotsitsa mphira amakulolani kugwira zambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mbedza, kuyika kumachitika kwa zidutswa 5, zoyenera kusodza nthawi iliyonse ya chaka m'madzi otseguka;
• wodyetsa adzabweretsa zotsatira zabwino, chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha maziko olimba ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyambo yogwira mtima, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira koyambirira kwa kasupe mpaka kuzizira;
• Madontho sagwiritsidwanso ntchito, koma njira yopha nsomba ndi yothandiza kwambiri ngati chakudya chamakono;
• float tackle imagwiranso ntchito bwino, imagwidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi chilimwe, m'dzinja sikugwira ntchito.

Zoyandamazo zimasonkhanitsidwa pa ndodo za Bologna kuti ziponyedwe mtunda wautali, komanso pamipanda yowuluka. Tackle ikhoza kukhala yotsetsereka komanso yogontha.

Kuchokera m'bwato

Kusodza m'ngalawa kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri - mumatha kusambira kupita kumalo ovuta kufikako ndikupanga zojambula zolondola. Kuphatikiza pa njira zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi, pali zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali bwato:

• Kusodza kwa mphete kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zambiri zowonjezera, nthawi zambiri njirayi imabweretsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri;
• kugwira "mazira" kumachitika mofananamo, koma kumenyana komweko kumasonkhanitsidwa mosiyana, zikho mu nkhaniyi zimatsimikiziridwanso ndi kusankha koyenera kwa malo ndi nyambo.

Wodyetsa ndi kuyandama angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuchokera m'bwato, kuchita bwino kumangowonjezereka.

Nyambo ndi nyambo

Musanapite kukapha nsomba yachinyengo, muyenera kudziwa zomwe bream imadya. Zokonda zake zam'mimba ndizofunikira, chifukwa nyambo yomwe simukonda siyingagwire ntchito, koma, m'malo mwake, iwopseza nyama yomwe ingagwire.

Lembani

Kuti mugwire woyimilira wa cyprinids, ndi bwino kusunga nyambo yabwino; popanda izo, kupita kukawedza n'kopanda ntchito.

Bream imadziwika ndi anthu ambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosatheka kudyetsa. Kuti akope chidwi chake, ng'ombe sangathe kuchita popanda kusakaniza kwabwino, koma momwe angasankhire? Ndi mtundu uti womwe uyenera kukondedwa? Anglers amagwiritsa ntchito:

• Zogula zogula, ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, mutangogula, padziwe pomwe, ingowonjezerani madzi ndikukanda, pakatha mphindi 15-20 mutha kugwiritsa ntchito.
• Zosankha zophikidwa kunyumba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zogwira mtima, zosakaniza zonse zimadziwika, ndipo phala lokhalo ndi latsopano komanso lokoma.

Mitundu yonse iwiriyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kupambana kofanana, ngati pali nthawi, ndiye kuti anglers omwe ali ndi chidziwitso amalimbikitsa kukonzekera kudyetsa chakudya pawokha. Popanda izo, zidzakhala zosavuta kupita ku sitolo ndikugula kusakaniza kowuma.

Posankha mu makina ogawa komanso pophika kunyumba, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa oonetsera, payenera kukhala okwanira. Zomwe ziyenera kuperekedwa patsogolo? Zonse zimadalira kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa madzi ndi nyengo:

• kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chokhala ndi zokometsera zochepa, krill, adyo ndi halibut zidzagwira ntchito;
• Chakumapeto kwa masika ndi koyambirira kwa chilimwe, ndikofunikira kusintha zosankha zodzaza, chokoleti ndi sinamoni ndizabwino;
• mu nyengo yotentha, woimira wochenjera wa carps adzafuna kutsitsimuka, izi ndizo zomwe fennel, katsabola, valerian adzapereka;
• kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa madzi kudzabweretsanso kusintha kwa zokonda za ichthy-wokukhalamo; kumayambiriro kwa autumn, amadyetsa ndi caramel, zipatso, sitiroberi ndi plums makamaka adzagwira ntchito;
• Chakumapeto kwa autumn, adyo adzalowanso m'zakudya, fungo lake lidzatha kukopa osati bream kwa wodyetsa.

Coriander ndi njira yapadziko lonse lapansi; carp sadzatha kuzikana.

Lembani

Kuweta nsomba zolusa kapena ayi? Wabale wa carp amatchulidwa ngati mtundu wamtendere, umadyetsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, choncho, zinthu zambiri zimatha kuperekedwa ngati nyambo. Imakhudzidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyambo:

• masamba amagwira ntchito kwambiri m'madzi otentha, kuphatikiza nandolo, chimanga cham'chitini, balere wotentha, mastyrka, semolina;
• Nyama yamtundu wa nyambo idzakopa chidwi cha bream m'madzi ozizira kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi autumn; nyongolotsi, mphutsi, bloodworm, tombolombo mphutsi ndi chidwi kwa izo.

Ndikoyenera kukumbukira chinthu chimodzi, nyambo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbedza iyenera kukhalapo muzosakaniza za chakudya.

Zothandiza katundu ndi njira kukonzekera

Sizingatheke kuyankha funso la nsomba za m'nyanja kapena mtsinje mosadziwika bwino, pali subspecies zomwe zimakonda madzi amchere, ndipo palinso oimira madzi abwino. Ziribe kanthu kuti ndi ndani woimira ma cyprinids omwe mwakwanitsa kupeza, chinthu chachikulu ndikutha kuphika chikhocho mokoma.

Bream ndi mtundu wamtengo wapatali wa nsomba; ponena za zomwe zili ndi mafuta abwino, ndiwachiwiri kwa beluga pakati pa anthu okhala m'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama yophika bwino ya nsomba imakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, ma microelements, mutha kudziwa za kuchuluka kwawo m'nkhani ya dzina lomweli patsamba lathu.

Bream ikhoza kuphikidwa m'njira zambiri, ndi bwino kuphika, kuumitsa, ndi kuumitsa. Funso lina likubwera, kodi bream bony kapena ayi? Sitikulimbikitsidwa kupereka nsomba iyi kwa ana, imakhala ndi mafupa ang'onoang'ono ambiri, ndalama zambiri zimakhala ndi bream yaing'ono, bream.

Kodi bream ndi chiyani komanso zomwe amadyedwa nazo zikuwoneka kuti zazindikira. Yesani kuyesa mukawedza m'madzi, ndiye kuti chitsanzo cha trophy chidzakhala pa mbedza yanu. Ndipo kukoma kwa bream yophika kumatha kuyamikiridwa mokwanira pongogwira nokha.