Magazini yakuti “Something about Vegetarianism” ya 1904 ili ndi kalata yochokera kwa wansembe wamasamba wakumidzi wa Orthodox. Iye akuuza akonzi a magaziniyo zimene zinamupangitsa kukhala wosadya zamasamba. Yankho la wansembe laperekedwa mokwanira ndi magazini.
“Kufikira chaka cha 27 cha moyo wanga, ndinali kukhala mmene anthu ambiri onga ine ankakhalira ndi kukhala m’dziko. Ndinkadya, kumwa, kugona, kuteteza mosamalitsa zofuna za umunthu wanga ndi banja langa pamaso pa ena, ngakhale kuwononga zofuna za anthu ena monga ine. Nthawi ndi nthawi ndinkadzisangalatsa ndekha powerenga mabuku, koma ndinkakonda kuthera madzulo ndikusewera makadi (zosangalatsa zopusa kwa ine tsopano, koma zinkawoneka zosangalatsa) powerenga mabuku.
Zaka zoposa zisanu zapitazo ndinawerenga, mwa zina, The First Step by Count Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy. N’zoona kuti nkhani imeneyi isanayambe ndinafunika kuŵerenga mabuku abwino, koma mwanjira ina iwo sanandiletse chidwi changa. Nditawerenga "Khwerero Loyamba", ndinatengedwa mwamphamvu ndi lingaliro lomwe wolembayo analemba kuti nthawi yomweyo ndinasiya kudya nyama, ngakhale mpaka nthawi imeneyo zamasamba zinkawoneka kwa ine kukhala zopanda pake komanso zopanda thanzi. Ndinkakhulupirira kuti sindingathe kuchita popanda nyama, chifukwa anthu omwe amadya amakhutira ndi izi, kapena monga chidakwa ndi fodya amatsimikiza kuti sangachite popanda mowa wamphamvu ndi fodya (ndiye ndinasiya kusuta).
Komabe, tiyenera kukhala achilungamo ndikuvomereza kuti zizolowezi zomwe zimayikidwa mwa ife kuyambira tili ana zimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu pa ife (ndicho chifukwa chake amati chizolowezicho ndi chachiwiri), makamaka ngati munthu sadziwerengera yekha chilichonse, kapena mpaka. amadziwonetsa yekha kukakamiza kokwanira kuti awachotse, zomwe zidandichitikira zaka 5 zapitazo. Count Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy "Choyamba Choyamba" chinali chisonkhezero chokwanira kwa ine, chomwe sichinangondimasula ku chizoloŵezi chodyera nyama yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mwa ine kuyambira ndili mwana, komanso inandipangitsa kuti ndisamachite zinthu zina zamoyo zomwe poyamba zinkandidutsa. chidwi. Ndipo ngati ndakula pang'ono mwauzimu, poyerekeza ndi zaka zanga za 27, ndiye kuti ndili ndi ngongole kwa wolemba The First Step, zomwe ndikuthokoza kwambiri wolemba.
Mpaka ine ndinali wodya zamasamba, masiku omwe chakudya cha Lenten chinakonzedwa mnyumba mwanga anali masiku achisoni kwa ine: nditazolowera kudya nyama nthawi zambiri, zinali zokhumudwitsa kwambiri kuti ndikane, ngakhale. pa masiku a Lenten. Chifukwa chokwiya ndi mwambo wosadya nyama masiku ena, ndinkakonda njala kuposa chakudya cha lenti, choncho sindinabwere kudzadya. Chotulukapo cha mkhalidwe umenewu chinali chakuti pamene ndinali ndi njala, ndinali kupsa mtima msanga, ndipo kunachitika ngakhale kukangana ndi anthu apamtima.
Koma kenako ndinawerenga The First Step. Momvekera bwino modabwitsa, ndinalingalira zomwe nyama zimagwidwa m'malo ophera nyama, komanso momwe timapezera chakudya cha nyama. Inde, ngakhale ndisanadziŵe kuti kuti munthu akhale ndi nyama ayenera kupha nyama, zinkawoneka ngati zachibadwa kwa ine kotero kuti sindinaliganizire nkomwe. Ngati ndinadya nyama kwa zaka 27, sizinali chifukwa chakuti ndinasankha mwadala chakudya chamtundu uwu, koma chifukwa chakuti aliyense anachita, zomwe ndinaphunzitsidwa kuchita kuyambira ndili mwana, ndipo sindinaganizirepo mpaka nditawerenga Gawo Loyamba.
Koma ndinafunabe kukhala ku nyumba yopherako, ndipo ndinapitako - nyumba yathu yophera nyama ndikuwona ndi maso anga zomwe amachitira nyama kumeneko chifukwa cha onse omwe amadya nyama, kuti atipatse chakudya chamadzulo. kuti tisakwiyidwe pa gome la Lenti, monga tinachitira Kufikira pamenepo, ndinaona ndipo ndinachita mantha. Ndinachita mantha kuti sindikanatha kuganiza ndi kuona zonsezi, ngakhale kuti n'zotheka komanso pafupi kwambiri. Koma, mwachiwonekere, ndi mphamvu ya chizoloŵezi: munthu wazolowera kuyambira ali wamng'ono, ndipo samaganizira mpaka kukankhira kokwanira. Ndipo ngati ndingathe kukopa aliyense kuti awerenge Gawo Loyamba, ndimakhala wokhutira mumtima mwachidziwitso kuti ndabweretsa phindu laling'ono. Ndipo zinthu zazikulu sizili kwa ife ...
Ndinayenera kukumana ndi owerenga ambiri anzeru komanso okonda kunyada kwathu - Count Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, yemwe, komabe, sankadziwa za kukhalapo kwa "Choyamba Choyamba". Mwa njira, palinso mutu mu Ethics of Everyday Life of The Independent, womwe uli ndi mutu wakuti Ethics of Food, womwe uli wosangalatsa kwambiri pakuwonetsera kwake mwaluso komanso kuwona mtima kwakumverera. Nditawerenga "Khwerero Choyamba" ndipo nditayendera malo ophera nyama, sindinangosiya kudya nyama, koma kwa zaka ziwiri ndinali mumtundu wina wokwezeka. Pamawu awa, Max Nordau - mlenje wamkulu wogwira maphunziro achilendo, osasinthika - angandiike m'gulu lomaliza.
Lingaliro loperekedwa ndi mlembi wa The First Step mwanjira ina linandilemera, kumva chifundo kwa nyama zoyembekezera kuphedwa kunafika pomva kuwawa. Pokhala mumkhalidwe wotero, ine, malinga ndi mwambi wakuti “Iye wopweteka, alankhula za izo,” ndinalankhula ndi ambiri za kusadya nyama. Ndinkada nkhawa kwambiri ndi kuchotsedwa m'moyo wanga watsiku ndi tsiku osati chakudya cha nyama chokha, komanso zinthu zonse kuti ndipeze zomwe nyama zimaphedwa (monga chipewa, nsapato, ndi zina zotero).
Ndimakumbukira kuti tsitsi la m’mutu mwanga linaima pamene mlonda wa njanji anandiuza mmene ankamvera atameta nyama. Nthawi ina zinandichitikira pamalo okwerera njanji kudikirira kwa nthawi yayitali sitima. Inali nthaŵi yachisanu, madzulo, siteshoniyo inali kutali ndi ntchito, antchito apasiteshoni anali opanda phokoso la tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo tinayamba kukambirana mosadodometsedwa ndi alonda a njanji. Tinakambirana za chiyani, pamapeto pake tidafika pazamasamba. Ndinalingalira za kusalalikira zamasamba kwa alonda a njanji, koma ndinali wokondweretsedwa kudziŵa mmene anthu wamba amaonera kudya nyama.
“Ndizimene ndikuuzeni, njonda,” anayamba motero mmodzi wa alondawo. - Ndili mnyamata, ndinatumikira ndi mbuye mmodzi - wosema, yemwe anali ndi ng'ombe yapakhomo yomwe inadyetsa banja lake kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo, potsiriza, inakalamba naye; Kenako anaganiza zomupha. Pakupha kwake, ankacheka motere: poyamba ankadzidzimuka ndi mphumi, kenako n’kudula. Ndipo iwo anabweretsa ng'ombe yake kwa iye, iye anatukula matako ake kuti aimenye, ndipo iye anayang'anitsitsa m'maso mwake, anazindikira mbuye wake, ndipo anagwada pansi, ndipo misozi inatuluka ... Ndiye mukuganiza bwanji? Tonse tinachita mantha, wosema manja anagwa, ndipo sanaphe ng'ombe, koma anadyetsa mpaka imfa yake, anasiya ngakhale ntchito yake.
Wina, kupitiriza kulankhula woyamba, anati:
“Ndipo ine! Ndi mkwiyo wanji ndiphera nkhumba ndipo sindiyimvera chisoni, chifukwa imakaniza ndikukuwa, koma ndi chisoni ukapha mwana wa ng'ombe kapena mwanawankhosa, imayimabe, ikuyang'ana ngati kamwana, imakukhulupilira mpaka kuipha. .
Ndipo izi zikunenedwa ndi anthu omwe sadziwa nkomwe za kukhalapo kwa mabuku onse otsutsana ndi kudya nyama. Ndipo mikangano yonse yokhudzana ndi kudya nyama ndi yocheperako bwanji, yomwe akuti idachokera ku mawonekedwe a mano, kapangidwe kamimba, ndi zina zotero, poyerekeza ndi chowonadi chopanda mabuku ichi. Ndipo ndimasamala chiyani za dongosolo la mimba yanga pamene mtima wanga ukupweteka! Sitimayo idayandikira, ndipo ndidasiyana ndi anthu osakhalitsa, koma chithunzi cha mwana wa ng'ombe ndi mwanawankhosa, yemwe "monga kamwana, amayang'ana iwe, akukhulupirira iwe", adandivutitsa kwa nthawi yayitali ...
N'zosavuta kuswana mu chiphunzitso chakuti kudya nyama ndi chilengedwe, n'zosavuta kunena kuti chifundo kwa nyama ndi tsankho lopusa. Koma tengani wokamba nkhani ndikutsimikizirani muzochita: kudula mwana wa ng'ombe, yemwe "amakuwonani ngati mwana, akukhulupirirani", ndipo ngati dzanja lanu silinjenjemera, ndiye kuti mukulondola, ndipo ngati likunjenjemera, bisalani ndi sayansi yanu. , mikangano yamabuku mokomera kudya nyama. Kupatula apo, ngati kudya nyama ndikwachilengedwe, ndiye kuti kupha nyama ndikwachilengedwe, chifukwa popanda izo sitingadye nyama. Ngati ndi chilengedwe kupha nyama, ndiye kuti chisoni chowapha chimachokera kuti - mlendo wosaitanidwa, "wosabadwa"?
Kukwezeka kwanga kunakhala zaka ziwiri; tsopano zadutsa, kapena zafowoka kwambiri: tsitsi la pamutu panga silimatulukanso ndikakumbukira nkhani ya mlonda wa njanji. Koma tanthauzo la zamasamba kwa ine silinachepe ndi kumasulidwa ku dziko lokwezeka, koma linakhala lomveka bwino komanso lomveka. Ndaona kuchokera muzochitika zanga zomwe, pamapeto pake, makhalidwe achikhristu amatsogolera ku: zimapindulitsa, zonse zauzimu ndi thupi.
Nditasala kudya kwa zaka zoposa ziwiri, m’chaka chachitatu ndinayamba kudana ndi nyama, ndipo sizikanatheka kuti ndibwerereko. Kusiyapo pyenepi, ndidakhulupira kuti nyama ndi yakuipa ku umaso wanga; Ndikadauzidwa izi ndikudya, sindikadakhulupirira. Nditasiya kudya nyama, osati n’cholinga choti ndikhale ndi thanzi labwino, koma chifukwa chakuti ndinamvetsera mawu a makhalidwe abwino, ndinakhalanso ndi thanzi labwino, mosayembekezereka kwa ine ndekha. Ndikamadya nyama, nthawi zambiri ndinkadwala mutu waching’alang’ala; kutanthauza kulimbana nazo mwanzeru, ndinasunga mtundu wa magazini momwe ndinalemba masiku a maonekedwe ake ndi mphamvu ya ululu mu ziwerengero, malinga ndi dongosolo la mfundo zisanu. Tsopano sindikudwala mutu waching'alang'ala. Ndikudya nyama ndinali wotopa, titadya ndinamva kufunika kogona. Tsopano ndine yemweyo tisanayambe kapena titatha kudya, sindikumva kulemera kulikonse kuchokera ku chakudya chamadzulo, ndinasiyanso chizolowezi chogona pansi.
Ndisanadye zamasamba, ndinali ndi zilonda zapakhosi kwambiri, ndipo madokotala anandipeza ndi nthenda ya ng’ala yosachiritsika. Ndi kusintha kwa zakudya, mmero wanga pang'onopang'ono unakhala wathanzi ndipo tsopano ndi wathanzi kwathunthu. Mwachidule, kusintha kwachitika pa thanzi langa, lomwe ndimamva poyamba ndekha, komanso ndikuwona ena omwe amandidziwa kale nditasiya kudya nyama. Ndili ndi ana awiri osadya zamasamba ndi awiri osadya zamasamba, ndipo omalizawo ali ndi thanzi labwino kuposa oyamba. Kuchokera pa zomwe zinayambitsa kusintha konseku, lolani anthu omwe ali odziwa bwino nkhaniyi andiweruze, koma popeza sindinagwiritse ntchito madokotala, ndili ndi ufulu wonena kuti ndili ndi ngongole ya kusintha konseku chifukwa chokonda zamasamba, ndipo ndimaona kuti ndi ine. udindo wopereka chiyamiko changa chakuya kwa Count Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy chifukwa cha Gawo lake loyamba.
Chitsime: www.vita.org