Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa matendawa
Ndi matenda osowa obadwa nawo am'magazi momwe mavuto am'magazi amawonekera.
Mitundu ya hemophilia
Hemophilia ndi matenda amtundu momwe jini imodzi ya X chromosome imasinthira. Kutengera mtundu wamtundu womwe wasintha, mtundu wina wamatenda umasiyanitsidwa. Hemophilia ili ndi mitundu itatu: A, B, C.
- Type A - palibe mwazi wapadera wamapuloteni: antihemophilic globulin, factor VIII yamagazi. Vutoli limapezeka mwa odwala 85% ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi achikale.
- mtundu B - chinthu IX sichikugwira ntchito mokwanira, chifukwa chake njira yopanga pulagi yachiwiri yotseka imasokonekera.
- Mtundu C - hemophilia yamtunduwu imachitika chifukwa chosakwanira kwa XI coagulation factor. Mtundu C ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri, womwe umakhudza kwambiri Ayuda achi Ashkenazi. Amayi ndi abambo amatha kudwala nayo. Pakadali pano, mtundu uwu wachotsedwa pagawo chifukwa choti zizindikilo zake ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu iwiri yoyambirira.
Zimayambitsa matenda
Chifukwa chachikulu cha kukula kwa hemophilia chimawerengedwa kuti ndi cholowa.
Milandu ndiyosowa kwambiri "mowiriza hemophilia“. Amawoneka modzidzimutsa, ngakhale kuti m'mbuyomu banja silinali ndi matendawa. Pambuyo pake, mtundu uwu wa hemophilia umafalikira mwachizolowezi - pamtundu wamtundu. Ogwira ntchito zamankhwala sanapezebe zifukwa zenizeni zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Amakhulupirira kuti uku ndikusintha kwatsopano kwa majini.
Mwayi wolandira hemophilia
Makamaka amuna amadwala matendawa. Matendawa amapatsirana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha mosiyanasiyana (olumikizidwa ndi X chromosome). Ngati mwanayo walandira X - chromosome ya amayi, samalandira hemophilia. Amayi amapatsidwa udindo wa "wochititsa" kapena wonyamula, koma pakhoza kukhala kusiyanasiyana. Ngati abambo akudwala hemophilia, ndipo mayi ndiye wonyamula, makolo otere atha kukhala ndi mtsikana yemwe akudwala matendawa. Mwathunthu, pafupifupi milandu 60 yalembetsedwa padziko lapansi momwe atsikana adadwala hemophilia, ndipo sanali onyamula.
Pali mitundu itatu yopatsirana kwa hemophilia
- 1 Mayi ndiye wonyamula geni, koma bambo ndi munthu wathanzi. Poterepa, zotsatira 4 ndizotheka, mwina 25%. Mwana wamwamuna wathanzi kapena wamkazi wathanzi, mwana wodwala kapena wamkazi wonyamula akhoza kubadwa.
- 2 Amayi ali athanzi, abambo akudwala hemophilia. Zikatero, ana amuna onse adzakhala athanzi, ndipo ana akazi onse adzakhala onyamula katundu.
- 3 Mayi ndi amene amanyamula jini, ndipo bambo akudwala. Mwanjira iyi, pakhoza kukhala zotsatira 4: mwana wamwamuna wathanzi, mwana wamkazi wodwala, mwana wodwala, kapena mwana wonyamula. Chotsatira chilichonse chimakhala ndi mphamvu zofanana.
Zizindikiro za hemophilia
Mu hemophilia, kutuluka magazi kochuluka kumawoneka, komwe kumachitika nthawi ndi nthawi mosiyanasiyana pakuvulala kosiyanasiyana, njira zamankhwala (makamaka jakisoni wamitsempha ndi maopareshoni), komanso mano akachotsedwa.
Mphuno kapena kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kusiya. Komanso, kutuluka mwadzidzidzi kumatha kuyamba.
Ndi kuvulala pang'ono ndi mikwingwirima, hematoma yayikulu imapangidwa.
Mbali yaikulu ya haemophilia ndikutulutsa magazi mkati - artemrosis. Akawoneka mgwirizanowu, kuyenda kumakhala kovuta, kutupa kumachitika. Zonsezi zimaphatikizidwa ndi kupweteka kwambiri. Kutuluka koyamba kotereku, magazi olumikizanawo amasungunuka pawokha ndipo magwiridwe antchito a olowa amabwezeretsedwanso. Koma mobwerezabwereza, kuundana kumapangidwe olumikizana ndi kapisozi, omwe amakhala ndi minofu yolumikizana. Ankylosis imayamba chifukwa cha izi.
Chizindikiro china chofunikira mu hemophilia ndikuchedwa, kuchepa kwa magazi. Kutuluka magazi sikutseguka pambuyo povulala, koma patadutsa nthawi yayitali. Izi ndichifukwa choti koyambirira magazi amayimitsidwa ndi ma platelet, omwe mawonekedwe ake sanasinthidwe. Zitha kutenga maola 6 mpaka 12 magazi asanatseguke - zimatengera kukula kwa matendawa.
Pangakhalebe magazi mkodzo kapena ndowe. Chizindikiro chovuta kwambiri komanso chakupha cha hemophilia ndikutuluka kwa msana kapena ubongo.
Kwa ana, hemophilia imatha kutenga nthawi kuti ikule. Izi zimakhudzanso ana omwe akuyamwitsidwa ndi mayiyo. Zowonadi, mkaka wa m'mawere muli zinthu zapadera zomwe zimathandizira kuthekera kwa magazi kuundana bwinobwino. Chifukwa chake, mayi atayamwitsa mwana nthawi yayitali, pambuyo pake zizindikilo zoyambirira zimawonekera.
Mitundu ya hemophilia
Kutengera kukula kwa matendawa, mitundu itatu ya hemophilia imasiyanitsidwa.
- RџS•Rё wofatsa Kutuluka kwa hemophilia kumachitika pokhapokha pa opaleshoni kapena pambuyo povulala kwambiri. M'magazi, coagulation factor imapezeka mu 5-25%.
- RџS•Rё kuchita zolimbitsa thupi hemophilia clotting factor m'magazi amapezeka mulingo wa 1 mpaka 5%. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zamankhwala zimatha kupezeka adakali aang'ono. Mwa mawonekedwe awa, kutuluka magazi kumakhala kovulala pang'ono, ndipo ndikumabala pang'ono, mahematoma akulu amapezeka.
- RџS•Rё mawonekedwe owopsa matenda, magazi ali ndi coagulation chinthu zosakwana 1%. Pachifukwa ichi, hemophilia imadziwika m'miyezi yoyambirira ya moyo - mukamakangana, magazi amatseguka, ndipo poyesa kuyenda koyamba, ma hematomas owopsa komanso owopsa amawoneka (pakukwawa, chifukwa chakuphwanya chilichonse kapena kugwa).
Odwala odziwika ndi omwe amanyamula hemophilia
Mfumukazi Victoria amadziwika kuti ndiwodziwika kwambiri wonyamula ma hemophilia m'mbiri. Kuphatikiza apo, sizodziwika bwino pazifukwa zomwe adakhalira. Kupatula apo, izi zisanachitike, palibe aliyense m'banja yemwe adadwala matendawa. Pali mitundu iwiri.
Woyamba amavomereza kuti abambo ake akadakhala munthu wina amene adadwala hemophilia, osati Mtsogoleri wa Kent Edward Augustus. Koma palibe umboni wolemba.
Chifukwa chake, mtundu wachiwiri waperekedwa - Victoria asintha m'mitundu yake. Ndiye kuti, anali ndi mawonekedwe "a zokha" a hemophilia. Ndipo malinga ndi chizolowezi, hemophilia idatengera mwana wake wamwamuna - Mkulu wa Albany, Leopold ndi zidzukulu ndi zidzukulu.
Hemophilia imatengedwa ngati matenda amfumu. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti kale, pofuna kuteteza mutuwo, maukwati ndi abale apafupi adaloledwa. Chifukwa chake, mwayi wokhala ndi ana odwala kukhothi udakulirakulira.
Nthano ya hemophilia
Pali nthano yoti munthu yemwe ali ndi hemophilia amatha magazi mpaka kufa atawonongeka pang'ono pakhungu. Izi sizowona, ndipo kwa anthu oterowo, zokopa zazing'ono sizingabweretse ngozi.
Ngozi ndizochita opaleshoni, kutulutsa mano, katemera ndi kutuluka mwadzidzidzi m'mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya magazi, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha makoma ofooka a odwala.
Zakudya zabwino za hemophilia
Ndi hemophilia, palibe malangizo okhwima azakudya omwe ayenera kutsatira.
Kubwezeretsa magazi ndikusintha magwiridwe a magazi, ndikofunikira kudya chakudya chomwe chili ndi mchere wa phosphorous, calcium, mavitamini A, B, C, D. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikupatsa thupi kuchuluka kwa vitamini K. Amatchedwa mavitamini a coagulation (coagulation).
Vitamini K amatha kupezeka mwa kudya sipinachi, letesi, anyezi, kaloti, nthochi, adyo, nkhaka, tomato, mapeyala, maapulo, kabichi (makamaka broccoli, kabichi yoyera, kolifulawa), tsabola wotentha, soya, dzira la dzira, tchizi, mafuta a batala , oats, nsonga za mpiru, udzu winawake.
Pofuna kukonza mkhalidwe wamagazi, kwezani hemoglobin, kulimbitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikutsitsa cholesterol, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza pazakudya chiwindi, mafuta, zipatso za zipatso, mtedza, makangaza, peyala, beets, madzi a kiranberi, uchi , phala la buckwheat, karoti, apulo ndi timadziti ...
Beet madzi ayenera kumwa sitimadzipereka ndi karoti kapena apulo madzi. Choyamba, ayenera kuchepetsedwa 1 mpaka 1, kenako pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa kuchepa ndikuwonjezera madzi a beet.
Komanso, mutha kumwa madzi oyera, tiyi wobiriwira, tiyi wokhala ndi ma currants, viburnum kapena raspberries, rosehip decoction.
Mankhwala achikhalidwe a hemophilia
Pofuna kupewa magazi, odwala amatha kutenga nyemba zamphesa, zotsekemera za dioecious nettle, yarrow, astragalus, sophora waku Japan, chikwama cha abusa, arnica, coriander, mfiti hazel, muzu wa dandelion. Zomera izi zithandizira kulimbitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, kukulitsa kuundana kwa magazi ndikukhalitsa magazi.
Muyenera kumwa ma aspirin ochepa ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa magazi, omwe angayambitse magazi.
Zakudya zowopsa komanso zowopsa za hemophilia
- Zakudya zamafuta (zili ndi cholesterol yambiri, kuwonjezera apo, mafuta amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa calcium, ndipo ndikofunikira pakulimbitsa kwama cell);
- mbale zokazinga, zamchere, zosuta (chakudyachi chili ndi zinthu zomwe zimasintha magazi sizikhala bwino, ndichifukwa chake kusintha kosasintha kumachitika mthupi lonse mtsogolo);
- mowa, zotsekemera, zakumwa zamagetsi (zimawononga ndikuwononga madzi m'magazi, ndichifukwa chake magazi sangathe kulimbana ndi ntchito zake);
- chakudya chofulumira, mafuta a confectionery, zinthu zomwe zatha, chakudya chanthawi yomweyo, sungani zakudya zamzitini, soseji, soseji ndi zokometsera, komanso zakudya zomwe zili ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana ("zinthu"zi zimapanga mankhwala olemera omwe maselo am'magazi sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito kudyetsa thupi la munthu. , koma pawokha amapangira poizoni m'thupi ndi zinthu zovulaza izi).
Chenjerani!
Otsogolerawo sali ndi udindo uliwonse poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo sizikutsimikizira kuti sizikukuvulazani. Zipangizozo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupanga matenda. Nthawi zonse muzifunsa dokotala wanu!