Momwe nzeru zopangira zingasinthire misala

Ofufuza apanga dongosolo la AI - luntha lochita kupanga - lomwe limatha kuzindikira kusintha kwa malankhulidwe tsiku ndi tsiku komwe kukuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa thanzi lamunthu.

"Sitikuyesera kusintha madokotala ..."

Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa nzeru zopangapanga, makompyuta tsopano atha kuthandiza madokotala kuzindikira matenda ndi kuona zizindikiro za odwala omwe ali pamtunda wa makilomita mazana ambiri. Ofufuza a University of Colorado Boulder akugwira ntchito yogwiritsa ntchito makina ophunzirira ku zamisala. Akupanga pulogalamu ya m'manja yomwe, kutengera zolankhula za wodwala, imatha kuyika m'magulu awo omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino ngati munthu wina.

Peter Foltz, pulofesa pa Institute for Cognitive Sciences anati: “Sitikuyesa kuloŵa m’malo madokotala. Iye ndi mlembi winanso wa nkhani yatsopano mu Bulletin of Schizophrenia yofotokoza za lonjezo ndi misampha yomwe ingakhalepo pogwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga pazamisala. "Koma tikukhulupirira kuti titha kupanga zida zomwe zingathandize akatswiri azamisala kuti azisamalira bwino odwala awo."

Pofufuza njira yodalirika yodziwira matenda

Pafupifupi mmodzi mwa akuluakulu asanu ali ndi matenda a maganizo. Ambiri mwa anthuwa amakhala kumadera akutali kumene kupeza akatswiri amisala kapena akatswiri a zamaganizo n’kochepa kwambiri. Ena sangakwanitse kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi zambiri, ndipo alibe nthawi kapena ndalama zolipirira maulendo obwerezabwereza. Ngakhale ngati wodwalayo amasonyezedwa pafupipafupi kwa psychotherapist, amagwiritsa ntchito kukambirana ndi wodwalayo kuti adziwe ndi kupanga dongosolo la chithandizo. Ndi njira yachikale yomwe ingakhale yokhazikika komanso yosadalirika mokwanira, akutero wolemba nawo mapepala Brita Elvevog, katswiri wa sayansi ya ubongo pa yunivesite ya Tromsø ku Norway.

“Anthu ndi opanda ungwiro. Akhoza kudodometsedwa ndipo nthaŵi zina amaphonya mawu osaonekera bwino ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza, anatero Dr. Elwevog. "Tsoka ilo, palibe kuyezetsa magazi kotsimikizika pazamankhwala." Asayansi anayesetsa kupeza njira yeniyeni yofotokozera vutoli.

Pofunafuna "AI version" yoyezetsa magazi yotereyi, Elwewog ndi Foltz adagwirizana kuti apange makina ophunzirira makina omwe amatha kuzindikira kusintha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa kulankhula komwe kungasonyeze kuwonjezereka kwa thanzi la maganizo. Mwachitsanzo, mu schizophrenia, chizindikiro chovuta kwambiri chingakhale ziganizo zomwe sizitsatira ndondomeko yomveka bwino. Kusintha kwa kamvekedwe kapena kamvekedwe ka mawu kungasonyeze kusokonezeka maganizo. Ndipo kutaya kukumbukira kungakhale chizindikiro cha mavuto onse a m'maganizo ndi m'maganizo.

Foltz anati: “Chilankhulo ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri pozindikira maganizo a odwala. "Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zam'manja ndi luntha lochita kupanga, timatha kuyang'anira odwala tsiku ndi tsiku ndikusintha kusintha kosawoneka bwino m'mikhalidwe yawo."

Kodi ntchito?

Pulogalamu yatsopano yam'manja imapangitsa wogwiritsa ntchito kuyankha mafunso angapo a mphindi 5-10 pafoni. Mwa ntchito zina, munthuyo amafunsidwa za mmene maganizo awo, anafunsidwa kunena nkhani yaifupi, ndiye nayenso kumvetsera nkhani ndi kubwereza izo, ndi kumaliza mndandanda wa mayeso galimoto luso ntchito kukhudza ndi Yendetsani chala pa foni yamakono chophimba.

Pogwirizana ndi Chelsea Chandler, wophunzira womaliza maphunziro pa faculty ku yunivesite ya Colorado ku Boulder, ndi anzake ena, olemba ntchitoyo adapanga dongosolo lanzeru lachidziwitso lomwe lingathe kuyesa machitidwewa amalankhulidwe, yerekezerani ndi mayankho am'mbuyomu ochokera kwa wodwala yemweyo. ndi gulu lalikulu lolamulira, ndipo chifukwa chake amawunika momwe malingaliro amunthu alili.

Kulondola ndi Kudalirika

Pakafukufuku wina waposachedwapa, gulu la asayansi linapempha madokotala kuti amvetsere ndikuwunika kalankhulidwe ka anthu 225. Mwa ameneŵa, theka anali atawapeza kale ndi vuto lalikulu la maganizo, ndipo theka anali odzipereka athanzi ochokera kumidzi ya Louisiana ndi Northern Norway. Kenako ofufuzawo anayerekezera zotsatira za kafukufuku wa madokotala ndi zotsatira za pulogalamu ya nzeru zopangapanga.

"Tapeza kuti makompyuta a AI amatha kukhala olondola ngati madokotala," akutero Peter Foltz molimba mtima. Iye ndi anzake ali otsimikiza kuti tsiku lidzafika pamene machitidwe a AI omwe amawapanga pazamisala adzakhala mu ofesi pamsonkhano wa akatswiri ndi odwala kuti athandize kusonkhanitsa deta kapena kukhala ngati njira yowunikira kutali. odwala amisala omwe amafunikira chisamaliro.

Njira yoyendetsera

Pozindikira kusintha kosokoneza, ntchitoyo imatha kudziwitsa dokotala kuti amvetsere ndikuwongolera wodwalayo. "Kuti tipewe chithandizo chadzidzidzi chokwera mtengo komanso zochitika zosasangalatsa, odwala amayenera kukafunsidwa pafupipafupi ndi akatswiri oyenerera," adatero Foltz. Koma nthawi zina kulibe madokotala okwanira kutero.

Chitukuko chake choyambirira m'munda wanzeru zopangira tsopano chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Foltz ali ndi chidaliro kuti pulojekiti yatsopanoyi iwonetsanso mphamvu zamakina ophunzirira makina. M'nkhani yawo, asayansi adalimbikitsa anzawo kuti azichita maphunziro okulirapo kuti atsimikizire kuti ntchitoyi ndi yothandiza komanso kuti anthu azikhulupirira. Izi ndizofunikira kuti ukadaulo wanzeru zopanga ulowetsedwe kwambiri muzochita zamatenda amisala.

"Kuwala kwachinsinsi chozungulira AI sikuthandiza kulimbikitsa chidaliro, chomwe chili chofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje azachipatala," akulemba. "Ntchito yathu sikusintha zisankho kumakina, koma kuwagwiritsa ntchito pazomwe amachita bwino." Choncho, n'zotheka kuti matenda a maganizo ndi mankhwala ambiri ali pafupi ndi nthawi yatsopano yomwe nzeru zopangapanga zidzakhala zothandiza kwambiri kwa madokotala posamalira thanzi la odwala.