Lumbar vertebrae amapanga gawo la msana.

malo. Mitsempha yotchedwa lumbar vertebrae imakhala gawo la msana, kapena msana, fupa lomwe lili pakati pamutu ndi m'chiuno. Msanawo umapanga chigoba cha thunthu, chomwe chimakhala chakumbuyo komanso pakati pa mzere wapakati. Imayamba pansi pa chigaza ndipo imafalikira m'chiuno (1). Msanawo umapangidwa ndimafupa pafupifupi 33, otchedwa ma vertebrae (2). Mafupawa amalumikizana ndikupanga olamulira, omwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe awiri S. Pali mitundu 5 yazinyama zomwe zimayang'ana kutsogolo (3). Amakhala m'chigawo chakumbuyo kumbuyo, ndipo amapezeka pakati pa mafinya amtundu wa thoracic ndi sacrum. Lumbar vertebrae amatchulidwa kuchokera ku L1 mpaka L5.

kapangidwe. Vuto lililonse lumbar lili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana (1) (2):

• Thupi, gawo lamkati mwa vertebra, ndi lalikulu komanso lolimba. Imanyamula kulemera kwa chigoba cha mafupa.
• Chipilala chotchedwa vertebral arch, gawo lakumbuyo kwa vertebra, limazungulira mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
• Vertebral foramen ndiye gawo lapakati, lopindika la vertebra. Katundu wa ma vertebrae ndi foramina ndiye njira yothetsera mafupa, yodutsa ndi msana.

Zolumikizana ndi zolowetsa. Lumbar vertebrae amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake ndi mitsempha. Amakhalanso ndi malo angapo owonetsera kuti aziyenda. Ma disc a intervertebral, ma fibrocartilages okhala ndi phata, amapezeka pakati pa matupi a vertebrae oyandikana nawo (1) (2).

Minofu. Msanawo waphimbidwa ndi minofu yakumbuyo.

Thandizo ndi gawo loteteza. Kupanga msana, ma lumbar vertebrae amathandizira kuthandizira mutu ndikuteteza msana.

Udindo pakuyenda komanso momwe mungakhalire. Kupanga msana, ma lumbar vertebrae amatheketsa kusunga thunthu la thunthu ndikukhazikika. Kapangidwe ka ma vertebrae kamalola mayendedwe ambiri monga kusuntha kwa thunthu, kupindika kwa thunthu kapena kutulutsa.

Matenda awiri. Amatanthauzidwa kuti kupweteka kwakomwe kumayambira nthawi zambiri mumsana ndipo kumakhudza magulu am'magulu ozungulira. Kupweteka kumbuyo kwenikweni kumakhala kupweteka kwakanthawi m'dera lumbar. Sciatica, yodziwika ndi ululu kuyambira kumunsi kumbuyo ndikufikira mwendo. Pafupipafupi, zimachitika chifukwa cha mitsempha yambiri yomwe nthawi zina imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi lumbar vertebrae. Matenda osiyanasiyana amatha kukhala pachiyambi cha zowawa izi (4):

• Matenda osachiritsika. Osteoarthritis amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa karoti yoteteza mafupa am'magulu. (5) Dothi la herniated limafanana ndi kuthamangitsidwa kumbuyo kwa phata la intervertebral disc, mwa kuvala kotsirizira. Izi zitha kubweretsa kupsinjika kwa msana wam'mimba kapena sciatic mitsempha.
• Zofooka za msana. Zofooka za gawolo zitha kuchitika. Scoliosis ndikusunthira kumbuyo kwa msana (6). Lordosis imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chikhomo chokhazikika pamiyendo yam'mimba. (6)
• Lumbago. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kupindika kapena misozi ya mitsempha kapena minofu yomwe imapezeka mu lumbar vertebrae.

Mankhwala. Kutengera matenda omwe amapezeka, mankhwala ena amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala opha ululu.

Physiotherapy. Kukonzanso kumbuyo kumatha kuchitika ndi ma physiotherapy kapena matenda a kufooka kwa thupi.

Chithandizo cha opaleshoni. Kutengera matenda omwe amapezeka, opareshoni imatha kuchitidwa m'chigawo cha lumbar.

Kuyesedwa kwakuthupi. Kuzindikira kwa dotolo kumbuyo ndiye gawo loyamba lodziwitsa zachilendo.

Kuyezetsa magazi. Kutengera ndi matenda omwe akukayikiridwa kapena kutsimikiziridwa, mayeso owonjezera atha kuchitidwa monga X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI kapena scintigraphy.

Ntchito yofufuza. Ofufuza kuchokera ku unit ya Inserm zikuwoneka kuti apambana pakusintha maselo am'madzi a adipose m'maselo omwe amatha kusintha ma disc a intervertebral disc. Ntchitoyi ikufuna kukonzanso ma disc osakanikirana, ndikupweteketsa ena. (7)