Mafuta a mpiru - mafotokozedwe amafuta. Zaumoyo ndi zovulaza

Kufotokozera

Mafuta a mpiru amapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu itatu ya mbewu za mpiru: yoyera, imvi ndi yakuda. Nthawi yeniyeni yoyamba kulima mpiru sikudziwika kwenikweni, koma amatchulidwanso za mbewu za mpiru m'Baibulo.

Ku Europe, mpiru umadziwika kuyambira kutukuka kwakale kwachi Greek, koma udalimidwa ngati chikhalidwe ndipo mafuta a mpiru amapangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu pambuyo pake.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, waku Germany Konrad Neutz adapanga mitundu yatsopano ya mpiru, yomwe pambuyo pake idatchedwa Sarepta, adapanganso ukadaulo woyamba ku Russia wothandizira nthanga za mpiru kukhala mafuta. Mu 1810 mphero yamafuta ampiru inatsegulidwa ku Sarepta.

Chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, mafuta a mpiru a Sarep ndi ufa adadziwika kuti ndi abwino kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Mbiri ya mafuta a mpiru

Kuyambira kalekale, mpiru ndi zonunkhira zodziwika bwino m'maiko ambiri, osati kokha chifukwa cha kukoma kwake, komanso chifukwa cha mankhwala ake odabwitsa.

Pokhala ndi chilankhulo chakale cha ku India dzina loti "kuwononga khate", "kutentha", mpiru kale m'zaka zoyambirira za nthawi yathu ino zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mankhwala achikhalidwe ku Greece Yakale ndi Roma (kutchulidwa koyamba kwa zozizwitsa za mpiru wamtchire kunayambiranso mpaka m'zaka za zana loyamba BC.)

Eastern China imawerengedwa kuti ndi kwawo kwa imvi (Sarepta) mpiru, komwe zonunkhira izi zidabwera koyamba ku India, kenako kuchokera kumeneko "zidasamukira" kumayiko ena a Asia ndi kumwera kwa Europe.

Njira yopangira mbewu za mpiru mu mafuta ndi mitundu iwiri: kukanikiza (kutentha kapena kuzizira) ndikuchotsa (kutulutsa chinthu kuchokera ku yankho pogwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira zapadera).

Mafuta a mpiru

Mafuta a mpiru, omwe ndi mafuta amtengo wapatali a masamba, amadziwika ndi zinthu zambiri zamoyo zofunikira tsiku ndi tsiku (mavitamini (E, A, D, B3, B6, B4, K, P), mafuta a polyunsaturated zidulo (vitamini F), phytosterols, chlorophyll, phytoncides, glycosides, mafuta ofunikira a mpiru, ndi zina zambiri).

Mafuta a mpiru amakhala ndi asidi wambiri wa linoleic acid (wa gulu la Omega-6) ndi linolenic acid, zomwe zimafanana ndi zomwe zimachitika mthupi la munthu ku ma polyunsaturated Omega-3 acids omwe amapezeka mu mafuta kapena mafuta a nsomba.

Mafuta a mpiru ali ndi antioxidant vitamini A. Mwa mavitamini osungunuka mafuta, vitamini E imakhalanso ndi malo ofunikira mumafuta a mpiru (malinga ndi zomwe zili, mafuta ampiru amapitilira kangapo kuposa mafuta a mpendadzuwa).

Mafuta a mpiru nawonso ndi gwero labwino kwambiri la vitamini D (mavitamini osungunuka mafutawa amapitilira 1.5 mumafuta a mpiru kuposa mafuta a mpendadzuwa). Mafuta a mpiru ali ndi vitamini B6, komanso amalimbikitsanso kaphatikizidwe ka vitamini iyi m'matumbo microflora. Vitamini B3 (PP), yomwe ndi gawo la mafuta a mpiru, ndiyofunikira pakukhazikitsa mphamvu yamagetsi mthupi la munthu.

Mafuta a mpiru amakhalanso ndi choline wambiri (vitamini B4). Vitamini K ("antihemorrhagic vitamin") yomwe ili m'mafuta a mpiru imathandiza kupewa kutaya magazi. Mafuta a mpiru amadziwikanso ndi zinthu zambiri zamatenda a phytosterols ("mahomoni obzala").

Mafuta a mpiru amakhalanso ndi ma phytoncides ambiri, ma chlorophylls, isothiocyanates, synegrin, mafuta ofunikira a mpiru - zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mabakiteriya amphamvu komanso antitumor.

Mafuta a mpiru

Kupanga kwa mafuta a mpiru kumakhala ndimadanga angapo ndipo woyamba ndi kukonzekera mbeu. Choyamba, mbewu za mpiru zimakonzedwa kuchokera kuzinyalala pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera.

kupota

Ukadaulo wolimbikira wozizira unayamba kalekale mpaka pano. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri komanso zoyeretsa zachilengedwe. Komabe, njirayi salola kuchotsa mafuta opitilira 70% kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira.
Nthawi zambiri m'mafakitale ambiri, amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotentha, womwe umalola kuti mafuta azipangidwa mpaka makumi asanu ndi anayi pa zana. Zimachitika magawo awiri:

Kukanikiza koyambirira, kusandutsa mbewu kukhala mafuta ndi keke.
Kusindikiza kwachiwiri, komwe kumasiya mafuta mu keke.
Izi zimatsatiridwa ndikuchotsa. Njira yopezera mafuta idadziwika kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, aku Germany ndiomwe adayamba kubwera nayo. Zimakhazikitsidwa ndi njira yopezera mafuta ku mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira zapadera. Zosungunulira, zolowa m'maselo ambeu, zimachotsa mafuta kunja.

Kuyenga mafuta

Kuyenga mafuta (kapena distillation) kumatulutsa zosungunulira zamafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa mafuta a mpiru osasankhidwa.
Kuti mupeze mafuta oyengedwa, ayenera kudutsa magawo otsatirawa a kuyeretsedwa:

• Magetsi.
• Kuyenga.
• Kusalowerera ndale.
• Kuzizira.
• Kukonzanso.

Tsoka ilo, ndikosatheka kuphika mafuta a mpiru kunyumba, chifukwa njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida zapadera.

Ubwino ndi kuvulaza thupi

Mafuta a mpiru ali ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza m'thupi la munthu. Zina mwa izo ndi mavitamini a gulu A, B, D, E ndi K, komanso mchere, mafuta acids monga Omega-3 ndi Omega-6. Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe zimapezeka mu zidazi mumafuta a mpiru ndizabwino kwambiri, mosiyana ndi mafuta a mpendadzuwa, momwe Omega-6 amapezeka mopitirira muyeso, ndipo Omega-3, m'malo mwake, ndi ochepa kwambiri, omwe siabwino kwenikweni pathanzi.

Mafuta a mpiru amakhala ndi phindu m'thupi la munthu, amathandizira kuti:

• Kusintha magwiridwe antchito am'mimba ndi matumbo.
• Kukhazikika kwa ntchito yamtima.
• Kuwonongeka kwa tiziromboti m'chiwindi ndi mano mabakiteriya;
• Kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Kusintha masomphenya.
• Kuyeretsa njira yopumira kuzizira.
• Zimathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda bwino mukamasisita.
• Kukonzanso ndi kubwezeretsa khungu lowonongeka.
• Amalimbitsa tsitsi ndikuwongolera khungu.

Kuipa kwa mafuta a mpiru

Mafuta a mpiru amatha kuvulaza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la m'mimba, mtima wosasinthasintha, colitis ndi kapamba.

Monga chinthu china chilichonse, mafuta a mpiru ayenera kudyedwa pang'ono, apo ayi atha kuvulaza ngakhale munthu wathanzi.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mafuta a mpiru?

Posankha mafuta a mpiru, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muzisamala ndi zomwe zalembedwazo komanso zomwe zili, komanso mtundu wa zomwe zili m'botolo. Mafuta abwino ayenera kukhala:

• Choyamba sapota.
• Ndi matope.
• Osasunthidwa (alumali moyo woposa miyezi 12).

Mutha kusunga mafuta a mpiru mukatsegula botolo mufiriji polimbitsa kapu mwamphamvu.

Kuphika mapulogalamu

Mafuta a mpiru amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika ngati njira ina yopangira mafuta a mpendadzuwa. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphikira mbale zosiyanasiyana:

• Mwachangu ndi mphodza pa izo.
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'masaladi ngati kuvala.
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera m'masamba osungira.
• Onjezani kuzinthu zophika.

Mafuta a mpiru amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika padziko lonse lapansi, koma simuyenera kuwazunza, kuchuluka kwa mafuta tsiku lililonse kwa munthu ndi supuni 1-1.5.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a mpiru mu cosmetology ndi dermatology

Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya epithelium ya mucous membranes ndi khungu, yokhala ndi bactericidal, antifungal, antiviral ndi bala machiritso, mafuta a mpiru ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe mankhwala othandiza kuchiza matenda apakhungu monga seborrhea, ziphuphu (acne), atopic dermatitis , zotupa ndi zotupa pakhungu, ndere, nsungu, psoriasis, chikanga, mycoses.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma phytosterol, opindulitsa ma hormonal, "mavitamini aunyamata" E ndi A, polyunsaturated fatty acids, bactericidal zinthu (chlorophyll, phytoncides), yomwe imayendetsa kufalikira kwa magazi, glycoside synegrin, mafuta ampiru nawonso akhala yogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu cosmetology kwazaka zambiri. monga nkhope ndi thupi kusamalira mankhwala.

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, mafuta a mpiru amathiridwa mwachangu pakhungu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale ndi chakudya chambiri, kufewetsa, kuyeretsa komanso kusungunula khungu, komanso amateteza bwino khungu ku kuwonekera kwa makwinya ndi kukalamba msanga komwe kumadza chifukwa chakuchepa kwa mahomoni achikazi kapena ndi kukhudzana kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Mafuta a mpiru amadziwika bwino pakhungu lodzikongoletsera ngati cholimbitsa komanso chotsitsimutsira tsitsi (kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a mpiru nthawi zonse powapaka pamutu ndikuwapaka pamutu kumathandiza kuti tsitsi lisamayende ndikumera msanga). Ndipo chifukwa cha "kutentha" kwake, malo okhumudwitsa akumaloko, mafuta a mpiru amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamafuta amisili.

Mu gawo la "Maphikidwe azodzikongoletsa kutengera mafuta a mpiru" mutha kudziwa njira zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito mafuta a mpiru mu cosmetology yakunyumba.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito

Pochiza ndi kupewa matenda ambiri omwe atchulidwa mgawo "Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a mpiru popewa ndi kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana", tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a mpiru mkati - supuni 1 katatu patsiku.

Magawo a tsamba lathu lawebusayiti "Maphikidwe ochiritsa opangidwa ndi mafuta a mpiru" ndi "Zodzikongoletsera maphikidwe potengera mafuta a mpiru" zidzakuwuzani za njira zosiyanasiyana zakugwiritsira ntchito mafuta ampiru munyumba zodzikongoletsera ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe.

Mutha kudziwa za mawonekedwe ndi maubwino amomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mafuta a mpiru mu gawo "Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a mpiru pophika".