Pesceterians, Frutherian, Flexitarians - kwa osadziwika, mawu awa amamveka ngati kufotokozera asilikali a Allied kuchokera ku kanema wa Star Wars.
Ndipo pamene munthu woteroyo asintha zakudya zake kuti azidya zakudya zambiri (mwachitsanzo, amakana nyama, koma akupitiriza kudya nsomba), amayankha mochokera pansi pamtima mafunso a abwenzi ake: "Inde, ndinakhala wosadya zamasamba, koma nthawi zina ndimadya nsomba. , chifukwa…”
Kugwiritsa ntchito mosasamala komanso mopanda nzeru mawu oti "zamasamba" kumabweretsa kuti mithunzi ngati mitu ya nsomba ndi miyendo ya nkhuku imagwera pa filosofi ya zamasamba. Malire a lingalirolo ndi osokonezeka, tanthawuzo la chirichonse chimene odya zamasamba amakhala odyetsera zamasamba atayika.
Ndipo tsiku lililonse pamakhala "okonda nsomba" ndi "okonda nyama" ochulukira kumene ...
Kumbali ina, pali anthu ambiri amene sadya nyama chifukwa cha kukhudzika kwa malingaliro kapena uphungu wa dokotala, koma osadziona ngati odya zamasamba.
Ndiye odya zamasamba ndi ndani ndipo amadya nsomba?
Vegetarian Society, yokhazikitsidwa ku Great Britain kumbuyoko mu 1847, ikuyankha mwalamulo funso ili: “Wodya zamasamba samadya nyama ya nyama ndi mbalame, ponse paŵiri yoŵeta ndi yophedwa posaka nyama, nsomba, nkhono, nkhanu ndi zinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi kupha nyama. zamoyo.” Kapenanso mwachidule: “Wodya zamasamba samadya chakufa chilichonse.” Zomwe zikutanthauza kuti osadya zamasamba samadya nsomba.
Malinga ndi kunena kwa Juliet Gellatley, womenyera ufulu wa zinyama wa ku Britain yemwenso ndi mkulu wa bungwe la Viva!, anthu amene amadya nsomba alibe ufulu wodzitcha odya zamasamba.
Ngati mwasiya kale nyama ya nyama zotentha ndi mbalame, koma pitirizani kudya nsomba ndi nsomba za m'nyanja, ndinu PESCETARIAN (kuchokera ku English pescetarian). Koma sali wamasamba.
Pakati pa zamasamba ndi pescatarians pangakhale kusiyana kwakukulu mu malingaliro awo pa kuzunzika kwa zamoyo. Nthawi zambiri omalizirawa amakana nyama ya nyama zoyamwitsa chifukwa safuna kukhala chifukwa cha kuvutika kwawo. Amakhulupirira kuti nyama ndi zomveka, koma nsomba… “Ubongo wa nsomba ndi wosavuta, kutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri simamva kuwawa,” anthu okoma mtima amadzilungamitsa mwa kuyitanitsa nsomba za trout zokazinga m’lesitilanti.
“M’magazini odalirika asayansi, mudzapeza umboni woonekeratu wakuti nyama zoyamwitsa, kuwonjezera pa kupweteka kwakuthupi, zimatha kuchita mantha, kupsinjika maganizo, kumva kuyandikira kwa chinthu chowopsa, kuchita mantha ngakhale kuvulazidwa m’maganizo. Mu nsomba, maganizo sali otchulidwa, koma pali umboni wochuluka wosonyeza kuti nsomba zimakhalanso ndi mantha ndi ululu. Aliyense amene safuna kuchititsa kuvutika kwa zamoyo ayenera kusiya kudya nsomba,” anatero Pulofesa Andrew Linzey, Mtsogoleri wa bungwe la Oxford Center for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, wolemba buku lakuti Why Animal Suffering Matters. ).
Nthawi zina anthu omwe amasankha kukhala osadya zamasamba sangathe kusiya nsomba, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti ndizofunikira kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino - makamaka mitundu yamafuta a nsomba. Kwenikweni, zinthu zopindulitsa zofananazo zingapezeke m’zakudya za zomera. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta a flaxseed ndi amodzi mwa magwero olemera kwambiri a omega-3 fatty acids ndipo alibe poizoni wa mercury omwe amapezeka mu nsomba.
Kodi alipo odya nyama zamasamba?
Mu 2003, American Dialectic Society inazindikira kuti FLEXITARIAN ndi mawu otchuka kwambiri pachaka. Wokonda kusinthasintha ndi "wamasamba amene amafunikira nyama."
Wikipedia imatanthauzira flexitarianism motere: "Chakudya chopanda zamasamba chokhala ndi zakudya zamasamba, nthawi zina kuphatikiza nyama. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Flexitarian amayesetsa kudya nyama yaing'ono momwe angathere, koma samayichotsa pazakudya zawo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, palibe kuchuluka kwa nyama yomwe imadyedwa kuti ikhale m'gulu la anthu osinthasintha."
Malangizo awa a "semi-vegetarianism" nthawi zambiri amatsutsidwa ndi odya zamasamba okha, chifukwa amatsutsana ndi filosofi yawo. Malinga ndi Juliet Gellatly, lingaliro la "flexitarianism" ndilopanda tanthauzo.
Ndiye mungatchule bwanji munthu yemwe wayamba kale njira yochepetsera kudya kwakupha, koma sanakhale wodya zamasamba?
Otsatsa akumadzulo asamalira kale izi:
Wochepetsa nyama - kwenikweni "kuchepetsa nyama" - munthu amene amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha nyama muzakudya zake. Mwachitsanzo, ku UK, malinga ndi kafukufuku, 23% ya anthu ali m'gulu la "ochepetsa nyama". Zifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zizindikiro zachipatala, komanso kusasamala kwa mavuto a chilengedwe. Mafamu a ziweto amatulutsa methane, yomwe imawononga mpweya wapadziko lapansi kuwirikiza ka 23 kuposa mpweya woipa.
Wopewa nyama - kwenikweni "kupewa nyama" - munthu amene amayesa, ngati n'kotheka, kuti asadye konse nyama, koma nthawi zina sapambana. 10% ya anthu aku UK ali m'gulu la "opewa nyama", iwo, monga lamulo, amagawana kale malingaliro a zamasamba.
"Oposa kotala la anthu omwe anafunsidwa [ku UK] akuti akudya nyama yochepa kuposa momwe amachitira zaka zisanu zapitazo. Titha kuwona kusintha kwa zakudya za anthu. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mamembala a gulu lathu ndi anthu amene amayesa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama m’zakudya zawo. Ambiri amayamba ndi kudula nyama yofiira kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino, kenako amasiya kudya nyama yoyera, nsomba, ndi zina zotero. Ndipo ngakhale kuti kusintha kumeneku kumayamba chifukwa cha maganizo aumwini, m’kupita kwa nthaŵi anthu ameneŵa angakhudzidwe ndi filosofi yakusadya zamasamba,” akutero Juliet Gellatly.
Zakudya zamasamba ndi pseudo-zamasamba
Kuti tidziwe kamodzi yemwe ali wamasamba komanso yemwe sali ... tiyeni tiwone Wikipedia!
Zamasamba, momwe mulibe CHAKUPHA CHAKUPHA, chimaphatikizapo:
- Zakale zamasamba - kuwonjezera pa zakudya zamasamba, mkaka ndi uchi zimaloledwa. Odya zamasamba omwe amadya mkaka amatchedwanso lacto-vegetarians.
- Ovo-zamasamba - zakudya zamasamba, mazira, uchi, koma palibe mkaka.
- Veganism - chakudya cha zomera zokha (palibe mazira ndi mkaka, koma nthawi zina uchi umaloledwa). Nthawi zambiri anyama amakana chilichonse chopangidwa ndi nyama (sopo, zovala zopangidwa ndi ubweya ndi zikopa, ubweya, etc.).
- Fruitarianism - zipatso za zomera zokha, nthawi zambiri zosaphika (zipatso, zipatso, masamba a zipatso, mtedza, mbewu). Kusamala maganizo osati nyama, komanso zomera (popanda mazira, mkaka, uchi).
- Zakudya zamasamba / zamasamba zosaphika - zakudya zosaphika zokha zimadyedwa.
Zakudya zotsatirazi SI zamasamba chifukwa zimalola zakudya zakupha, ngakhale kuchuluka kwake kungakhale kochepa:
- Pescatarianism ndi Pollotarianism - Kupewa nyama yofiira koma kudya nsomba ndi nsomba (Pescatarianism) ndi / kapena nkhuku (Pollotarianism)
- Flexitarianism ndi kudya nyama, nkhuku, nsomba, ndi nsomba zapakatikati kapena zasowa kwambiri.
- Zakudya zopatsa thanzi za Omnivorous - kudya zakudya zosaphika kapena zazifupi kwambiri zotenthedwa, kuphatikiza nyama, nsomba, ndi zina.
Mukafufuza zamitundu yonse yazakudya, mutha kupeza mitundu ingapo yamitundu yambiri komanso magawo ang'onoang'ono atsopano okhala ndi mayina achilendo. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti anthu omwe asintha malingaliro awo okhudza nyama kukhala "nyama yocheperako, yocheperako kapena ayi" amakonda kumadzitcha okha "odya zamasamba." Izi ndizosavuta kuposa kufotokozera azakhali anu akulu kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa chake simungadye ma cutlets ake, ndikupanga zifukwa kuti asakhumudwe.
Mfundo yakuti munthu wayamba kale kudya zakudya zodziwika bwino komanso zathanzi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa mawu omwe amadzitcha okha.
Choncho tiyeni tikhale ololerana wina ndi mnzake, ziribe kanthu kuti timatsatira filosofi yotani ya kadyedwe kake. Chifukwa, malinga ndi kunena kwa Baibulo, “sichimene chilowa m’kamwa mwa munthu chimdetsa; (Ivangeli la Mateyu, mutu 15)
Wolemba: Maryna Usenko
Kutengera ndi nkhani yakuti "Kukula kwa osadya zamasamba" wolemba Finlo Rohrer, BBC News Magazine