Polypore nkhosa (Albatrellus ovinus) chithunzi ndi kufotokoza

Albatrellus ovinus (Albatrellus ovinus)

• Albatrellus ovine

• Khungu la nkhosa

Ng'ombe za polypore, bowa wa mutton (Albatrellus ovinus) imamera m'nkhalango zouma za pine ndi spruce. Ndi wa banja lodziwika bwino la bowa Trutovik.

Description:

Chipewa chozungulira cha bowa m'mimba mwake chimafika masentimita khumi. Mu bowa wakale, umasweka. Khungu la chipewa cha bowa wamng'ono ndi louma komanso losalala mpaka kukhudza. M'munsi pamwamba pa bowa kapu yokutidwa ndi mwachilungamo wandiweyani wosanjikiza wa woyera amitundu machubu, amene mosavuta anasiyanitsidwa zamkati wa bowa. Pamwamba pa chipewa ndi chowuma, chopanda kanthu, poyamba chimakhala chosalala, chowoneka bwino, kenako chimakhala chofooka, chimasweka muukalamba (makamaka nthawi youma). Mphepete mwa kapuyo ndi yopyapyala, yakuthwa, nthawi zina yopunduka, kuchokera ku wavy pang'ono kupita ku lobed.

Chosanjikiza cha tubular chimatsikira kwambiri ku tsinde, mtundu umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku zoyera kapena zonona kupita ku chikasu-ndimu, wobiriwira-wachikasu, umasanduka wachikasu ukakanikizidwa. Ma tubules ndi aafupi kwambiri, 1-2 mm kutalika, ma pores ndi aang'ono kapena ozungulira, 2-5 pa 1 mm.

Mwendo ndi waufupi, 3-7 cm wamtali, wandiweyani (1-3 cm wandiweyani), wamphamvu, wosalala, wolimba, wapakati kapena wocheperako, wopendekera kumunsi, nthawi zina wopindika, kuchokera ku zoyera (kirimu) mpaka imvi kapena zofiirira.

Ufa wa spore ndi woyera. Ma spores amakhala pafupifupi ozungulira kapena ovoid, owonekera, osalala, amyloid, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi madontho akulu amafuta mkati, 4-5 x 3-4 microns.

Zamkatimu ndi wandiweyani, wonga tchizi, wonyezimira, woyera, wachikasu kapena wachikasu-ndimu ukawuma, nthawi zambiri umakhala wachikasu ukakanikizidwa. Kukoma kumakhala kofewa kapena kowawa pang'ono (makamaka mu bowa wakale). Kununkhira kumakhala kosasangalatsa, sopo, koma malinga ndi zolemba zina, kumatha kukhala kosamveka kapena kosangalatsa, amondi kapena ufa pang'ono. Dontho la FeSO4 limadetsa imvi, KOH imadetsa chikasu chagolide.

Kufalitsa:

Nkhosa tinder bowa amapezeka kawirikawiri kuyambira July mpaka October pa nthaka pansi mitengo spruce mu coniferous youma ndi nkhalango zosakaniza mu glades, clearings, m'mbali, m'mphepete mwa misewu, komanso m'mapiri. Imakonda nthaka yopanda ndale komanso yamchere, nthawi zambiri imamera mu moss. Amapanga masango ndi magulu kwambiri mbamuikha kwa mzake, nthawi zina anasakaniza miyendo ndi m'mbali mwa zisoti, fruiting matupi. Zochepa kwambiri ndi zitsanzo zing'onozing'ono. Mitunduyi imagawidwa kwambiri kumadera otentha a kumpoto: olembedwa ku Ulaya, Asia, North America, komanso ku Australia. Pa gawo la Dziko Lathu: ku Ulaya, Siberia ndi Far East. Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri kukula ndi chivundikiro cha moss. Bowa wa tinder ndi bowa wamkulu kwambiri. Imamera payokha kapena m’magulu, nthawi zina imakula limodzi ndi miyendo.

Kufanana:

Maonekedwe a bowa wa ng'ombe amafanana ndi kuphatikiza bowa, omwe amakhala ndi mtundu wabulauni kwambiri.

Hedgehog yachikasu (Hydnum repandum) imasiyanitsidwa ndi hymenophore yake, yomwe imakhala ndi misana yopepuka ya kirimu, yotsika pang'ono pa tsinde.

Albatrellus yosakanikirana (Albatrellus confluens) imakhala yamitundu yalalanje kapena yachikasu-bulauni, yokhala ndi kukoma kowawa kapena kuwawa. Zipewa zophatikizika, nthawi zambiri zosasweka, zimamera pansi pa ma conifers osiyanasiyana.

Albatrellus blushing (Albatrellus subrubescens) ndi mtundu wa lalanje, ocher wopepuka kapena wofiirira, nthawi zina wokhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Mtundu wa tubular ndi kuwala kwa lalanje. Imakula pansi pa paini ndi firs, imakhala ndi kukoma kowawa.

Chisa cha Albatrellus (Albatrellus cristatus) chili ndi chipewa chobiriwira chobiriwira kapena cha azitona, chimamera m'nkhalango zophukira, nthawi zambiri m'nkhalango za beech.

Lilac Albatrellus (Albatrellus syringae) imapezeka m'nkhalango zosakanikirana, imakhala ndi utoto wagolide wachikasu kapena chikasu chofiirira. Hymenophore osatsika pa mwendo, thupi ndi lowala lachikasu.

Kuwunika:

Nkhosa polypore ndi bowa wodziwika pang'ono wodyedwa wa gulu lachinayi. Bowa ndi woyenera kudyedwa ngati wosapsa. Young zisoti za bowa ntchito yokazinga ndi yophika, komanso stewed. Musanagwiritse ntchito, bowa ayenera kuwiritsa ndi kuchotsa koyambirira kwa m'munsi mwa miyendo yake. Pamene akuwira, bowa zamkati zimapeza mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira. Bowa amaonedwa ngati chokoma makamaka yokazinga yaiwisi popanda koyambirira otentha ndi kutentha mankhwala. Nkhosa ya nkhosa imatha kuzifutsa ndi zokometsera kuti zisungidwe kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mitunduyi yalembedwa mu Red Book of the Moscow Region (gulu 3, mitundu yosowa).

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala: scutigeral, olekanitsidwa ndi matupi obereketsa a Nkhosa tinder bowa, ali ndi mgwirizano wa dopamine D1 receptors muubongo ndipo amatha kuchita ngati chothandizira kupweteka kwapakamwa.