Kuyeza matenda opatsirana pogonana kumaphatikizapo kuyang'ana matenda opatsirana pogonana (STDs), omwe tsopano amatchedwa matenda opatsirana pogonana (matenda opatsirana pogonana). Pakati pa khumi ndi awiri omwe alipo matenda opatsirana pogonana, ena amachititsa zizindikiro, ena satero. Chifukwa chake kufunikira kowayesa kuti muwachiritse ndikupewa, kwa ena, zovuta zazikulu.

Kuyezetsa matenda opatsirana pogonana kumaphatikizapo kuyesa matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana pogonana (matenda opatsirana pogonana), omwe tsopano amatchedwa matenda opatsirana pogonana (matenda opatsirana pogonana). Izi ndizomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha ma virus, mabakiteriya kapena majeremusi omwe amatha kupatsirana pogonana, polowera kapena kwa ena, popanda.

Pali matenda opatsirana pogonana osiyanasiyana:

• kachilombo ka HIV kapena AIDS;
• chiwindi B;
• chindoko ("pox");
• chlamydia, chifukwa cha kachilomboka Chlamydia trachomatis;
• lymphogranulomatosis venereal (LGV) chifukwa cha mitundu ina ya Chlamydia thrachomatis makamaka mwaukali;
• maliseche;
• matenda a papillomavirus (HPV);
• gonorrhea (yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "hot piss") yoyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya omwe amapatsirana kwambiri, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonocoque);
• vaginitis pa Trichomonas vaginalis (kapena trichonomase);
• mycoplasma matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana: Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) Mycoplasma, Mycoplasma urealyticum ;
• matenda ena vulvovaginal yisiti akhoza opatsirana pogonana, koma n'zothekanso kukhala ndi matenda yisiti popanda kugonana.

Makondomu amateteza ku matenda opatsirana pogonana, koma osati onse. Kulumikizana kosavuta pakhungu kungakhale kokwanira kufalitsa chlamydia, mwachitsanzo.

Choncho kuyezetsa matenda opatsirana pogonana ndikofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala chete, amatha kukhala magwero a zovuta zosiyanasiyana: 

• ambiri ndi zina kutanthauzira matenda: kuwonongeka kwa maso, ubongo, mitsempha, mtima kwa chindoko; cirrhosis kapena khansa ya chiwindi ya hepatitis B; chisinthiko cha AIDS kwa HIV;
• chiwopsezo cha kupita patsogolo kwa chotupa cha precancerous kapena khansa kwa ma HPV ena;
• kukhudzidwa kwa tubal, ovarian kapena pelvic zomwe zingayambitse kubereka kwa tubal (motsatira salpingitis) kapena ectopic pregnancy (chlamydia, gonococcus);
• Kupatsirana kwa fetus ndi mwana wakhanda (chlamydia, gonococcus, HPV, hepatitis, HIV).

Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti matenda onse opatsirana pogonana amafooketsa mucous nembanemba ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka Edzi.

Kuyeza kwachipatala kungaloze ku matenda ena opatsirana pogonana, koma matenda amafunika kuyezetsa ma labotale: serology pogwiritsa ntchito magazi kapena zitsanzo za bakiteriya kutengera matenda opatsirana pogonana.

• Kuyezetsa kachirombo ka HIV kumachitika poyezetsa magazi, pakadutsa miyezi itatu mutagonana moopsa, ngati kuli kotheka. Mayeso ophatikizidwa a ELISA amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimaphatikizapo kufufuza kwa ma antibodies opangidwa pamaso pa HIV, komanso kufufuza kachilombo ka HIV, p3 antigen, yodziwika kale kuposa ma antibodies. Ngati kuyezetsaku kuli ndi HIV, kuyezetsa kwachiwiri kotchedwa Western-Blot kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti adziwe ngati kachilomboka kalipo. Ndi mayeso otsimikizira okhawo omwe angadziwe ngati munthu alidi ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Zindikirani kuti lero pali njira yodziyesera yokha yogulitsa popanda mankhwala ku pharmacies. Amachitidwa pa kadontho kakang'ono ka magazi. Zotsatira zabwino ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso achiwiri a labotale;
• gonococcal gonorrhea amadziwika pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo pakhomo la maliseche kwa amayi, kumapeto kwa mbolo kwa amuna. Kufufuza mkodzo kungakhale kokwanira;
• matenda mauka zachokera swab m`deralo pakhomo pa nyini mwa akazi, ndi amuna, chitsanzo mkodzo kapena swab pa khomo la mkodzo;
• kuyezetsa matenda a chiwindi B kumafuna kuyezetsa magazi kuti achite serology;
• matenda a nsungu wapangidwa ndi matenda kufufuza mmene zotupa; kutsimikizira matenda, maselo zitsanzo zotupa akhoza kutukuka mu labotale;
• papillomaviruses (HPV) amatha kuzindikirika pakuwunika kwachipatala (pamaso pa condylomata) kapena pakupaka. Pakachitika smear yosadziwika bwino (mtundu wa ASC-US wa "squamous cell abnormalities of the osadziwika tanthauzo"), kuyezetsa kwa HPV kutha kuperekedwa. Ngati zili zabwino, colposcopy (kuyesa khomo lachiberekero pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lalikulu lokulitsa) amalangizidwa ndi chitsanzo cha biopsy ngati kuzindikirika kwachilendo;
• Trichomonas vaginitis imapezeka mosavuta pakuwunika kwa amayi pamaso pa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana (kumva kutentha kwa maliseche, kuyabwa, kupweteka panthawi yogonana) ndi maonekedwe a maonekedwe a ukazi (wochuluka, wonunkhiza, wobiriwira komanso wa thovu). Ngati mukukayikira, chitsanzo cha nyini chikhoza kutengedwa;
• matenda lymphogranulomatosis venereal amafuna chitsanzo kuchokera zotupa;
• Matenda a mycoplasma amatha kudziwika pogwiritsa ntchito swab yakomweko.

Izi zosiyanasiyana zamoyo mayesero akhoza zotchulidwa mankhwala kapena dokotala katswiri (gynecologist, urologist). Dziwani kuti palinso malo odzipatulira, CeGIDD (Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis Center) yololedwa kuyesa matenda a chiwindi a B ndi C ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana. Maternal and Child Planning Centers (PMI), Family Planning and Education Centers (CPEF) ndi Family Planning or Planning Centers athanso kupereka zowunikira kwaulere.

Kuyesedwa kwa STD kumatha kuperekedwa pazizindikiro zosiyanasiyana:

• kumaliseche kwachilendo kwachilendo kwa mtundu, fungo, kuchuluka;
• kukwiya m'dera lapamtima;
• matenda a mkodzo: kuvutika pokodza, kukodza kowawa, kufuna kukodza pafupipafupi;
• ululu pa nthawi yogonana;
• kuwoneka kwa njerewere zazing'ono (HPV), chancre (chironda chaching'ono chosapweteka cha chindoko), matuza (herpes) mu maliseche;
• ululu m'chiuno;
• metrorrhagia;
• kutopa, nseru, jaundice;
• kutentha ndi / kapena kutuluka kwachikasu kuchokera ku mbolo (bennoragia);
• kumaliseche ngati kadontho ka m'mawa kapena kutuluka kowoneka bwino (chlamydiae).

Kuyezetsa kungathenso kufunsidwa ndi wodwala kapena kuperekedwa ndi dokotala pambuyo pogonana koopsa (kugonana kosadziteteza, ubale ndi munthu wosakhulupirika wokayikitsa, etc.).

Pamene matenda ena opatsirana pogonana amakhala chete, kuyezetsa matenda opatsirana pogonana kungathenso kuchitidwa mwachizolowezi monga gawo lotsatira zachikazi. Monga njira yopewera khansa ya pachibelekeropo kudzera poyezetsa HPV, a High Authority of Health (HAS) amalimbikitsa kuti munthu azipaka paka zaka zitatu zilizonse kuchokera pa zaka 3 mpaka 25 pakadutsa zaka ziwiri zotsatizana zopatukana. M'malingaliro a Seputembara 65, a HAS imalimbikitsanso kuyezetsa mwatsatanetsatane matenda a chlamydia mwa amayi omwe akugonana azaka zapakati pa 2018 mpaka 15, komanso kuwunikira nthawi zina: okondedwa angapo (osachepera awiri pachaka) , kusintha kwaposachedwa kwa bwenzi, munthu. kapena zibwenzi zapezeka ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, mbiri ya matenda opatsirana pogonana, amuna amene amagonana ndi amuna (MSM), anthu uhule kapena pambuyo kugwiriridwa.

Pomaliza, poyang'anira mimba, kuyezetsa kwina ndi kovomerezeka (chindoko, chiwindi cha B), ena amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri (HIV).

Ngati zotsatira zabwino, chithandizo chimadalira pa matenda:

• kachilombo ka HIV sikangathe kuthetsedwa, koma kuphatikiza mankhwala (mankhwala katatu) kwa moyo wonse kungalepheretse kukula kwake;
• trichomonas vaginitis, chinzonono, matenda a mycoplasma amathandizidwa mosavuta ndi maantibayotiki, nthawi zina ngati "mankhwala ofulumira";
• lymphogranulomatosis venereal amafuna 3 milungu njira ya mankhwala;
• chindoko amafuna chithandizo ndi maantibayotiki (jekeseni kapena pakamwa);
• Matenda a HPV amachitidwa mosiyana malinga ndi ngati ayambitsa zotupa kapena ayi, komanso kuopsa kwa zotupazo. Utsogoleri umachokera ku kuyang'anitsitsa kosavuta kupita ku conization pakachitika zilonda zapamwamba, kuphatikizapo chithandizo cham'deralo cha warts kapena kuchiza zilonda ndi laser;
• kachilombo ka maliseche sangathe kuthetsedwa. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti azitha kulimbana ndi ululu komanso kuchepetsa nthawi ndi mphamvu ya nsungu pakagwa;
• Nthawi zambiri, matenda a chiwindi a mtundu wa B amangochitika zokha, koma nthawi zina amatha kukhala osachiritsika.

Wokondedwayo ayeneranso kuthandizidwa kuti apewe zochitika zowonongekanso.

Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti sizachilendo kupeza matenda opatsirana pogonana angapo panthawi yowunika.