Tiyi

Kufotokozera

Tiyi (chin. Cha) chakumwa chosakhala chakumwa choledzeretsa kapena chowotcha masamba obzalidwa mwapadera. Anthu amakolola masambawo kuchokera ku tchire lomwelo lomwe limakula m'minda yambiri m'malo otentha komanso achinyezi. Nyengo yabwino kwambiri ndi yotentha komanso kotentha.

Poyamba, chakumwa chinali chotchuka monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo; komabe, muulamuliro wa mafumu aku Tang ku China, mowa uwu udakhala chakumwa chodziwika bwino chogwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthano zambiri ndi nthano zimaphatikizira kudza kwa tiyi. Malinga ndi nthano yaku China, chakumwachi chidapanga mulungu m'modzi, yemwe adapanga zaluso ndi zaluso, Shen-Nun, yemwe mwangozi adagwetsa masamba angapo a tchire mumphika ndi zitsamba. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, amangomwa tiyi yekha. Kuwoneka kwa nthanoyi kunayamba ku 2737 BC.

Mbiri yakumwa

Nthano yotsatira ndi nthano yonena za mlaliki wa Chibuda, Bodhidharma, yemwe, pomwe amasinkhasinkha mwangozi adagona. Atadzuka, adadziyambira mkwiyo kwambiri mpaka kuduka zikope zake. M'malo mwa zikope zakugwa, adayika tiyi wa rose; tsiku lotsatira analawa masamba ake. Bodhidharma adadzimva kukhala wolimba komanso wolimbikitsidwa.

Ku Europe, chakumwa chidabwera m'zaka za zana la 16, Choyamba ku France, ndi amalonda aku Dutch. Wokonda kwambiri mowa uwu anali Louis wa 14, yemwe adati amuna aku Eastern amamwa tiyi kuti athetse gout. Ndi matenda nthawi zambiri ankasokoneza mfumu. Kuchokera ku France, chakumwachi chinafalikira m'maiko onse aku Europe. Amakondedwa kwambiri ku Germany, UK, ndi mayiko a Scandinavia Peninsula. Mayiko khumi omwe amamwa tiyi ambiri ndi awa: England, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Japan, Russia, USA, India, Turkey.

Tiyi

Kusonkhanitsa ndi kusanja masamba a tiyi ndi ntchito yamanja yokha. Ambiri amasangalala ndi masamba awiri apamwamba komanso masamba oyandikana ndi masamba osayandikira. Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, amapeza mitundu yotsika mtengo. Masamba akukhwima amagwiritsira ntchito mitundu ya tiyi yotsika mtengo. Makina a Msonkhano wa tiyi siopindulitsa pachuma chifukwa chophatikiza chimaphatikiza zosakaniza zabwino ndi zinyalala zambiri ngati masamba owuma, timitengo, ndi zimayambira.

Pambuyo pa Msonkhano, kupanga tiyi kumakhala ndimagawo angapo:

Pali mtundu waukulu wa tiyi malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana:

  1. Mtundu wa Bush Bush. Pali mitundu yambiri yazomera: Chinese, Assamese, Cambodian.
  2. Malinga ndi kuchuluka ndi kutalika kwa nayonso mphamvu, mowawo ukhoza kukhala wobiriwira, wakuda, woyera, wachikasu, Oolong, tiyi ya PU-erh.
  3. Pamalo okula. Kutengera kuchuluka kwakapangidwe ka tiyi, pali zomwe zimatchedwa kuti tiyi. Omwe amapanga kwambiri ndi China (makamaka masamba obiriwira, obiriwira, achikasu, ndi oyera). Chotsatira chotsika chimabwera India (pepala lakuda lakuda ndi granulated), Sri Lanka (tiyi yobiriwira ya Ceylon ndi yakuda), Japan (mitundu yobiriwira pamsika wanyumba), Indonesia, ndi Vietnam (tiyi wobiriwira ndi wakuda), Turkey (otsika ndi apakati tiyi wakuda wabwino). Ku Africa, minda yambiri ili ku Kenya, South African Republic, Mauritania, Cameroon, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, ndi Zaire. The tiyi ndi otsika quality, wakuda odulidwa.
  4. Malinga ndi masamba ndi mitundu yosinthira, tiyi amagawidwa m'magawo otulutsidwa, kutulutsidwa, kusungunuka, ndikuphatikizidwa.
  5. Kukonzekera kwina kwapadera. Uwu ungakhale mulingo wowonjezera wa kuthira, kukazinga, kapena kuchepa pang'ono m'mimba mwa nyama.
  6. Chifukwa cha kukoma. Zowonjezera zotchuka kwambiri ndi Jasmine, bergamot, mandimu, ndi timbewu tonunkhira.
  7. Kudzaza zitsamba. Ma tiyi ochokera ku zakumwa zachikhalidwe ali ndi dzina lokha. Kawirikawiri, ndi mndandanda wa mankhwala azitsamba kapena zipatso: chamomile, timbewu tonunkhira, duwa, currant, rasipiberi, hibiscus, thyme, St. John's wort, origanum, ndi ena.

Kutengera mtundu wa chomeracho ndi njira yothira, pali malamulo okonzera zakumwa. Pokonzekera tiyi umodzi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 0.5-2.5 tsp ya tiyi wouma. Mitundu ya mowa wakuda muyenera kutsanulira ndi madzi otentha, pomwe mitundu yobiriwira, yoyera komanso yachikaso - madzi owiritsa adakhazikika mpaka 60-85 ° C.

Ntchito yopanga tiyi ili ndi magawo ake akuluakulu.

Kuwatsata kumatha kusangalatsa komanso kuphika ndi zakumwa:

Tiyi

Potengera magawo osavuta awa, mayiko ambiri apanga miyambo yawo yakumwa tiyi.

Ndichizolowezi kumwa tiyi wotentha ku China, mu SIP yaying'ono, wopanda shuga kapena zowonjezera zilizonse. Njirayi imaphatikizira kumwa monga ulemu, umodzi, kapena kupepesa. Mowa umaperekedwa nthawi zonse kwa anthu azaka zazing'ono kapena akulu.

Miyambo yaku Japan ndi China

Ku Japan, monga ku China, samawonjezera chilichonse chosinthira kukoma kwa tiyi ndikumwa mu SIP yaying'ono yotentha kapena yozizira. Zachikhalidwe ndikumwa tiyi wobiriwira pambuyo komanso nthawi yakudya.

Miyambo ya Norman

Pali oyendayenda ndi amonke m'mapiri a Tibet omwe amakonza njerwa zobiriwira zosakaniza batala ndi mchere. Chakumwa ndi chopatsa thanzi kwambiri ndipo chidapangidwa kuti chibwezeretse nyonga pambuyo poyenda kwakutali m'mapiri. Kulandila ndi kulandira alendo, nthawi zonse amaphatikizidwa ndi tiyi. Amayendetsa nthawi zonse eni ake akuphikira tiyi alendo chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti Cup siyenera kukhala yopanda kanthu. Asananyamuke, mlendo ayenera kuthira Chikho chake, potero akuwonetsa ulemu ndi kuthokoza.

Miyambo yaku Uzbekistan

Chikhalidwe cha Chiuzbek chakumwa chakumwa ichi chimasiyana kwambiri ndi chi Tibetan. Ndi chizolowezi kulandira alendo kuti azitsanulira tiyi pang'ono momwe angathere kuti athe kupereka mwayi wochulukira kwa wocherezayo pazambiri ndikufotokozera ulemu wake polandila alendo. Komanso, mwini wakeyo ndiwosangalatsa osati cholemetsa kutsanulira mbale kuti amwe tiyi wina. Kwa obisalira, nthawi yomweyo amatsanulira tiyi wathunthu kamodzi osathilanso.

Tiyi

Miyambo yachingerezi

Chikhalidwe cha Chingerezi chomwera moledu chikufanana kwambiri ndi achi Japan. Ku England, ndimakonda kumwa tiyi ndi mkaka katatu patsiku: nthawi ya Chakudya cham'mawa, nkhomaliro (13:00), ndi chakudya chamadzulo (17:00). Komabe, kuchuluka kwa kutukuka kwamatauni komanso mayendedwe adziko kwadzetsa kusintha kosavuta kwa miyambo. Kwenikweni, amagwiritsa ntchito matumba tiyi, omwe amapulumutsa nthawi ndipo safuna zida zambiri (zofunika tiyi, zodulira, zopukutira m'maso, ndi maluwa atsopano kuti zigwirizane ndi nsalu yapatebulo, tebulo, ndi chakudya).

Miyambo yaku Russia

Pachikhalidwe ku Russia, tiyi amapangidwa atatha kudya ndi madzi owiritsa ochokera ku "Samovar," ndipo tiyi amayimirira pamwamba ndipo amatenthedwa nthawi zonse ndikulimbikitsa njira yochotsera chakumwa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakupanga chakumwa kawiri. Chakumwa chinali chakuthwa, chimaphimbidwa mumphika wawung'ono, kenako amathira timagawo tating'ono m'makapu ndikusungunuka ndi madzi otentha. Izi zidalola aliyense kusintha mphamvu ya chakumwa payekhapayekha. Anasankhanso kuthira tiyi mumsuzi ndikumwa ndi shuga pang'ono. Komabe, mwambo wabwino kwambiriwu unali utatsala pang'ono kutha. Amatha kupezeka kumadera akutali mdzikolo komanso m'midzi. Kwenikweni, tsopano anthu amagwiritsa ntchito matumba tiyi ndikuphika madzi mumagetsi wamba kapena ma ketulo amagetsi.

Ubwino wa tiyi

Tiyi imakhala ndi zinthu zopitilira 300 ndi mankhwala, ogawidwa m'magulu: mavitamini (PP), mchere (potaziyamu, fluorine, phosphorus, chitsulo), organic acid, mafuta ofunikira, ma tannins, ma amino acid, alkaloids, ndi mitundu yachilengedwe. Kutengera mtundu wa tiyi ndi njira yofululira moŵa, zinthu zina zimasiyanasiyana.

Tiyi imakhudza machitidwe onse ofunikira m'thupi la munthu; Ndibwino kuti muzitha kuchiza komanso kupewa. Chakumwa choledzeretsa cham'mimba chimathandizira m'mimba ndi m'matumbo, chimalimbikitsa chimbudzi, chimapha mabakiteriya, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, potero timathandizira kutsekula m'mimba, typhoid. Zinthu zomwe zimapezeka mu tiyi zimamanga ndikuchotsa poizoni m'matumbo.

Tiyi

Kuphatikiza apo, caffeine ndi tannin zomwe zili m'masamba zimakhudza mtima komanso dongosolo la mitsempha. Zomwe zimachitika, kuthamanga kwa magazi, magazi osungunuka, kusungunuka kwa magazi, ndi zolembera za cholesterol ndizopweteka kwambiri. Komanso, kumwa mozama mwadongosolo kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi ikhale yolimba komanso kuti ikhale yolimba. Izi tiyi zimathandiza asayansi kupanga pamaziko mankhwala kuti athetse zotsatira za kutuluka kwa magazi mkati. Theobromine, kuphatikiza caffeine, imathandizira kwamikodzo, kupewa miyala ndi mchenga mu impso ndi chikhodzodzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha chimfine ndi matenda opuma, kumwa tiyi kumatenthetsa pakhosi, kumapangitsa kupuma, kumawonjezera mphamvu yamapapo, kumawonjezera thukuta.

Kwa kagayidwe kake

Choyamba, tiyi kumapangitsa kagayidwe, bwino chikhalidwe General wa thupi, kumatha ufulu ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira, ndipo amathandiza kuchiza matenda kugwirizana ndi kagayidwe kachakudya matenda: gout, kunenepa, scrofula, mchere madipoziti. Kachiwiri, Kuphatikiza pa cholinga chakumwa, amagwiritsanso ntchito kuthana ndi zilonda pakhungu, kutsuka m'maso, ndi kuwotcha-tsamba la Bush la ufa lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu pharmacology popanga mankhwala opha ululu komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuphatikiza apo, Mumanjenje, tiyi amakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsira komanso yotontholetsa, kutulutsa tulo, kupweteka mutu, ndi kutopa, kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito amthupi ndi malingaliro.

Choyamba, kuphika tiyi ndi koyenera monga maziko a cocktails ndi zakumwa zina: tiyi wa dzira, grog, vinyo wambiri, zakudya zina. Kachiwiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ufa ngati zonunkhira pophika mbale kuphatikiza adyo. Komanso, tiyi amatulutsa utoto wachilengedwe (wachikaso, wabulauni, ndi wobiriwira), zomwe ndizomwe zimapangidwira popanga zonunkhira (jelly nyemba, caramel, marmalade). Mafuta a Chitsamba chili ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zamafuta zamafuta pafupi kwambiri ndi maolivi ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zodzikongoletsera, sopo, komanso zakudya zopangira mafuta olondola kwambiri.

Zotsatira zoyipa za tiyi ndi zotsutsana

Tiyi

Tiyi, kuphatikiza pazinthu zambiri zabwino, nthawi zina imatsutsana. Pakati pa mimba, kumwa zobiriwira zosiyanasiyana, makapu opitilira 3 patsiku, kumatha kulepheretsa kuyamwa kwa folic acid wofunikira pakukula kwaubongo wa mwana ndi dongosolo lamanjenje. Mofananamo, tiyi wakuda wambiri yemwe ali ndi caffeine wambiri amatha kuyambitsa chiberekero, motero, kubadwa msanga.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda am'mimba, omwe amapezeka ndi acidity yambiri, sangathe kumwa tiyi wobiriwira chifukwa amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa asidi, ndikupangitsa kukulitsa matendawa ndikuletsa kuchira kwa zilonda. Komanso, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma polyphenols, zakumwa zamtunduwu zimapatsanso zolemetsa pachiwindi.

Kuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa mitsempha yamagazi kumatsagana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi, chifukwa chake kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala mu atherosclerosis, matenda oopsa, ndi thrombophlebitis. Komabe, ngakhale zili ndi tiyi wamchere wambiri, zimayambitsa calcium ndi magnesium leaching, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mafupa, kukulitsa kwa matenda am'magazi ndi gout.

Pomaliza, kumwa tiyi mopitirira muyeso kumabweretsa vuto lalikulu la urea, lomwe lingayambitse kukula kwa gout, nyamakazi, ndi rheumatism. Ndi mankhwala owopsa omwe amapangidwa pakutha kwa purine.

Siyani Mumakonda