Zamkatimu
Alexei Nikolaevich - wotchuka Russian ndi Soviet wolemba. Ntchito yake ndi yochuluka komanso yowala. Sanayime pamtundu umodzi. Iye analemba mabuku a masiku ano ndi ntchito pa nkhani za mbiriyakale, analenga nthano za ana ndi mabuku autobiographical, nkhani zazifupi ndi masewero.
Tolstoy ankakhala m’nthawi yovuta. Anapeza nkhondo ya Russo-Japanese, Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, kusinthika, kulanda nyumba yachifumu ndi Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko Lapansi. Ndinaphunzira kuchokera m’zondichitikira zanga mmene kusamuka ndi kulakalaka kwawo kuli. Alexei Nikolaevich sakanatha kukhala ku Russia watsopano ndikupita kunja, koma chikondi chake pa dzikolo chinamukakamiza kubwerera kwawo.
Zochitika zonsezi zikuwonekera m'mabuku ake. Anadutsa njira yovuta yolenga. Tsopano Alexei Nikolaevich ali ndi malo otchuka m'mabuku a Chirasha.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa ntchito ya wolemba, tcherani khutu ku mlingo wathu wa ntchito wotchuka Alexei Tolstoy.
10 Kusamukira
Bukuli linalembedwa mu 1931. Malingana ndi zochitika zenizeni. Poyamba, ntchitoyi inali ndi dzina losiyana "Black Gold". Pambuyo pa milandu yochokera ku Association of Proletarian Writers, Tolstoy adalembanso.
Pakatikati mwa chiwembucho pali machitidwe azachuma ndi ndale a gulu la anthu achinyengo - anthu aku Russia. osamukira. Otchulidwa kwambiri ndi mkulu wa gulu la Semenovsky Nalymov ndi mfumukazi yakale Chuvashova. Amakakamizika kukhala kutali ndi kwawo. Kutayika kwa katundu ndi udindo wakale si kanthu poyerekeza ndi mfundo yakuti anthuwa adzitaya okha ...
9. Ivan Tsarevich ndi Gray Wolf
Alexei Nikolaevich anathandiza kwambiri pa chitukuko cha mabuku Russian ana. Malo apadera amakhala ndi ntchito zaluso zapakamwa za anthu. Anakonza gulu lalikulu la nthano zachi Russia kwa ana.
Mmodzi mwa odziwika kwambiri - "Ivan Tsarevich ndi Gray Wolf". Ana oposa m'badwo umodzi anakulira pa nthano imeneyi. Nkhani ya zochitika zodabwitsa za mwana wa mfumu Ivan idzakhala yosangalatsa kwa ana amakono.
Nthanoyi imaphunzitsa za kukoma mtima ndikuwonetsetsa kuti aliyense amalipidwa malinga ndi zipululu zake. Lingaliro lalikulu ndikuti muyenera kumvera malangizo a anthu odziwa zambiri, apo ayi mutha kulowa muzovuta.
8. Ubwana wa Nikita
Nkhani ya Tolstoy, yolembedwa mu 1920. Iye ndi autobiographical. Alexei Nikolaevich anakhala ubwana wake m'mudzi wa Sosnovka, yomwe ili pafupi ndi Samara.
Munthu wamkulu Nikita ndi mnyamata wochokera ku banja lolemekezeka. Ali ndi zaka 10. Amaphunzira, kulota, kusewera ndi ana akumudzi, kumenyana ndi kupanga mtendere, komanso kusangalala. Nkhaniyi imasonyeza dziko lake lauzimu.
Lingaliro lalikulu la ntchitoyo "Ubwana wa Nikita" - kuphunzitsa ana kusiyanitsa chabwino ndi choipa. Ndi nthawi yosangalatsa imeneyi pamene maziko a khalidwe la mwanayo amaikidwa. Kaya amakula monga munthu woyenerera zimadalira kwambiri makolo ake ndi malo amene anakuliramo.
7. Usiku wachisanu
Nkhani ya Civil War. Inalembedwa mu 1928. Nkhaniyi ikufotokozedwa m'malo mwa mkulu wa asilikali Ivanov. Iye amatsogolera gulu la Red Army. Lamulo laperekedwa kuti agwire mphambano ya njanji ya Debaltseve, chifukwa ma echelons asanu ndi awiri a White Guards akupita kale kuno.
Akatswiri ena olemba mabuku amakhulupirira kuti Tolstoy analemba "Usiku wa Frosty"kuwuziridwa ndi nkhani ya winawake. Palibe umboni wotsimikizira za zochitika zimenezi, koma mayina ambiri otchulidwa m’nkhaniyi ndi a anthu enieni.
6. Petro Woyamba
Buku la mutu wa mbiri yakale. Alexei Nikolaevich analemba izo kwa zaka 15. Anayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1929. Mabuku awiri oyambirira anasindikizidwa mu 1934. Mu 1943, Tolstoy anayamba kulemba gawo lachitatu, koma analibe nthawi yoti amalize.
Bukuli limafotokoza zochitika zenizeni za mbiri yakale zomwe zimachitika kuyambira 1682 mpaka 1704.
“Petro Woyamba” sizinadziwike m'nthawi ya Soviet. Iye anabweretsa Tolstoy kupambana kwakukulu. Ntchitoyi inatchedwanso muyezo wa buku la mbiri yakale. Wolembayo anajambula kufanana pakati pa mfumu ndi Stalin, kulungamitsa dongosolo lilipo la mphamvu, lochokera pa chiwawa.
5. Katswiri wa Hyperboloid Garin
Buku longopeka lolembedwa mu 1927. Tolstoy adauziridwa kuti apange izo ndi kulira kwa anthu pa ntchito yomanga nsanja ya Shukhov. Ichi ndi chipilala cha Soviet rationalism, chomwe chili ku Moscow pa Shabolovka. Radio ndi TV nsanja.
Kodi bukuli likunena za chiyani? "Hyperboloid injiniya Garin"? Woyambitsa waluso komanso wopanda mfundo amapanga chida chomwe chingawononge chilichonse chomwe chili panjira yake. Garin ali ndi zolinga zazikulu: akufuna kulanda dziko.
Mutu waukulu wa bukhuli ndi udindo wamakhalidwe asayansi kwa anthu wamba.
4. The Golden Key, kapena Adventures of Pinocchio
Mwina buku lodziwika bwino la Tolstoy. Aliyense wokhala m'dziko lathu adawerengapo kamodzi.
Nkhani yanthanoyi ndi yotengera zolemba za Carlo Collodi za Pinocchio. Mu 1933 Tolstoy anasaina pangano ndi nyumba yosindikizira mabuku ya ku Russia. Anati alembe yekha kubwereza kwa ntchito ya ku Italy, ndikuisintha kuti ikhale ya ana. Collodi ali ndi ziwonetsero zambiri zachiwawa. Alexei Nikolaevich anatengeka kwambiri moti anaganiza kuwonjezera pang'ono nkhani, kusintha izo. Zotsatira zake zidakhala zosayembekezereka - panalibe zofanana kwambiri pakati pa Pinocchio ndi Pinocchio.
"The Golden Key, kapena The Adventures of Pinocchio" - osati zosangalatsa zokha, komanso ntchito yophunzitsa. Chifukwa cha iye, ana amamvetsa kuti zoopsa nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kusamvera banal. Bukuli limaphunzitsa kuti tisamaope zovuta, kukhala bwenzi lachifundo ndi lokhulupirika, munthu wolimba mtima komanso wolimba mtima.
3. Zosangalatsa za Nevzorov, kapena Ibicus
Ntchito ina ya Tolstoy yoperekedwa ku Civil War. Wolembayo ananena kuti nkhaniyo "The Adventures of Nevzorov, kapena Ibicus" chinakhala chiyambi cha ntchito yake zolembalemba atabwerera ku Russia kuchokera kusamuka. Anakumana ndi kutsutsidwa m'dzikolo, monga Tolstoy anayesa kufotokoza zochitika zomvetsa chisoni m'njira yopusa.
The protagonist - wogwira ntchito wodzichepetsa wa ofesi ya mayendedwe Nevzorov akugwera mu maelstrom zochitika za Civil War.
Wolembayo adawonetsa nthawi yovuta ya mbiriyakale kudzera m'maso mwa munthu wakuba pang'ono.
2. Kuyenda m'mazunzo
Ntchito yopambana komanso yotchuka kwambiri ya Tolstoy. Wolembayo adalandira Mphotho ya Stalin. Anagwira ntchito pa trilogy kwa zaka zoposa 20 (1920-1941).
Mu 1937 chaka “Njira Yopita ku Kalvare” anagwera m’mabuku angapo oletsedwa, onse anawonongedwa. Alexey Nikolaevich analembanso bukuli kangapo, akumachotsamo tizidutswa tambiri tambiri totsutsana ndi boma la Soviet Union. Tsopano ntchitoyi ikuphatikizidwa mu thumba la golide la mabuku apadziko lonse.
Bukuli likufotokoza tsogolo la aluntha Russian pa kusintha 1917.
Bukuli lajambulidwa kangapo.
1. Aelita
Classics zongopeka dziko. Tolstoy analemba buku mu 1923 mu ukapolo. Pambuyo pake, adayikonzanso mobwerezabwereza, ndikuyisintha kuti igwirizane ndi zofunikira za nyumba zosindikizira za ana ndi Soviet. Anachotsa zigawo zambiri zachinsinsi ndi zinthu, bukuli linasanduka nkhani. Pakadali pano, ntchitoyi ilipo m'mitundu iwiri.
Iyi ndi nkhani ya injiniya Mstislav Los ndi msilikali Alexei Gusev. Amawulukira ku Mars ndikupeza chitukuko chotukuka kumeneko. Mstislav amagwa m'chikondi ndi mwana wamkazi wa wolamulira wa dziko Aelita ...
Otsutsa adalandira nkhaniyi molakwika. "Aelitu" adayamikiridwa pambuyo pake. Tsopano imatengedwa ngati gawo la organic la ntchito ya Tolstoy. Cholinga chake ndi omvera achinyamata. Nkhaniyi ndi yosavuta komanso yosangalatsa kuiwerenga.