Karen Davis, PhD
Nkhuku zowetedwa kuti zidyetse nyama zimakhala m’nyumba zodzaza ndi anthu, zakuda ngati bwalo la mpira, ndipo m’nyumba iliyonse mumakhala nkhuku 20 mpaka 30.
Nkhuku zimakakamizika kuti zikule mofulumira kangapo kuposa momwe kakulidwe kawo kachilengedwe kamafunira, mofulumira kotero kuti mitima ndi mapapo awo sangathe kuthandizira zofuna za thupi lawo, zomwe zimachititsa kuti azidwala matenda a mtima.
Nkhukuzo zimakulira m’malo apoizoni opangidwa ndi utsi wonunkha wa ammonia ndi zinyalala zomwe zili ndi mavairasi, mafangasi ndi mabakiteriya. Nkhuku ndi zamoyo zosinthidwa chibadwa zokhala ndi miyendo yowonda yomwe singathe kuthandizira kulemera kwa thupi lawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiuno chipunduke komanso kulephera kuyenda. Nkhuku nthawi zambiri zimafika kuti ziphedwe ndi matenda opumira, matenda apakhungu, ndi zopunduka mfundo.
Anapiye salandira chisamaliro chilichonse kapena chithandizo cha ziweto. Amaponyedwa m'mabokosi otengerapo zombo za ulendo wopita kokaphedwa ali ndi masiku 45 okha. Amatulutsidwa m’mabokosi otengerapo sitima m’malo ophera nyama, kuwapachika chazikidwa pa malamba onyamula katundu, ndipo amawathiridwa ndi madzi ozizira, amchere, amagetsi opundula minyewa yawo kuti achotse mosavuta nthenga zawo zikaphedwa. Nkhuku sizimadabwitsika kumero kwake.
Amasiyidwa dala amoyo pa nthawi yopha kuti mitima yawo ipitirire kupopa magazi. Nkhuku mamiliyoni ambiri zimatenthedwa ndi madzi otentha m’matangi akuluakulu mmene zimakupizira mapiko ndi kukuwa mpaka zitagwidwa ndi chikwapu chimene chimathyola mafupa awo ndi kutulutsa mboni za m’maso m’mutu mwawo.
Nkhuku zoikira mazira zimaswa mazira mu chofungatira. M'mafamu, pafupifupi, nkhuku zoikira 80-000 zimasungidwa m'makola ang'onoang'ono. 125 peresenti ya nkhuku zoikira za ku America zimakhala m'makola, ndipo pafupifupi nkhuku 000 pa khola, malo a nkhuku aliwonse amakhala pafupifupi mainchesi 99 mpaka 8, pamene nkhuku imafunika mainchesi 48 kuti ingoima bwino ndi mainchesi 61. mainchesi kuti athe kukupiza mapiko.
Nkhuku zimadwala matenda osteoporosis chifukwa chosachita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kusowa kwa calcium kuti mafupa akhale olemera (nkhuku zoweta nthawi zambiri zimathera 60 peresenti ya nthawi yawo kufunafuna chakudya).
Mbalame nthawi zonse zimakoka utsi wakupha wa ammonia wotuluka m'maenje a manyowa omwe ali pansi pa makola awo. Nkhuku zimadwala matenda opuma osachiritsika, mabala osachiritsika ndi matenda - popanda chisamaliro cha ziweto kapena chithandizo.
Nkhuku nthawi zambiri zimavulala m'mutu ndi mapiko zomwe zimakakamira pakati pa zitsulo za khola, zomwe zimachititsa kuti ziwonongeke pang'onopang'ono komanso zowawa. Opulumukawo amakhala limodzi ndi mitembo yowola ya andende awo akale, ndipo mpumulo wawo wokha ndi wakuti akhoza kuima pa mitemboyo m’malo mwa mipiringidzo ya makola.
Kumapeto kwa moyo wawo, amapita m’mitsuko ya zinyalala kapena kukhala chakudya cha anthu kapena ziweto.
Amuna opitilira 250 miliyoni omwe sanaswedwe amapitsidwa mpweya kapena kuponyedwa pansi ali amoyo ndi ogwira ntchito yobereketsa chifukwa sangathe kuikira mazira ndipo alibe phindu la malonda, makamaka amawapanga kukhala chakudya cha ziweto ndi ziweto.
Ku United States, nkhuku 9 zimaphedwa chaka chilichonse kuti apeze chakudya. Nkhuku zoikira 000 miliyoni zimadyeredwa ku US chaka chilichonse. Nkhuku zimachotsedwa pamndandanda wa nyama zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi njira zaumunthu zophera.
Anthu ambiri a ku America amadya nkhuku 21 pachaka, zomwe zimafanana ndi kulemera kwa ng'ombe kapena nkhumba. Kusintha kuchoka ku nyama yofiira kupita ku nkhuku kumatanthauza kuvutika ndi kupha mbalame zambiri m'malo mwa nyama imodzi yaikulu.