White float (Amanita nivalis) chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

White float (Amanita nivalis)

• Amanitopsis nivalis;
• Amanita vaginata var. Nivalis.

Zoyandama zoyera ngati chipale chofewa (Amanita nivalis) ndi gulu la bowa wa banja la Amanitaceae, mtundu wa Amanita.

Kufotokozera Kwakunja

Bowa (Amanita nivalis) ndi thupi la zipatso lomwe lili ndi kapu ndi mwendo. Chophimba cha bowachi chimafika masentimita 3-7 m'mimba mwake, mu bowa aang'ono komanso osakhwima amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati belu, pang'onopang'ono kukhala otukumula-wogwada kapena kungokhala otukumuka. Pakati pa kapu, chotupa chikuwonekera bwino - tubercle. Pakatikati pake, chipewa cha choyandama choyera ngati chipale chofewa chimakhala chaminofu, koma m'mphepete mwake ndi chosafanana, chokhala ndi nthiti. Khungu la kapu nthawi zambiri limakhala loyera, koma lili ndi kuwala kowala pakati.

Mwendo wa zoyandama zoyera ngati chipale chofewa umadziwika ndi kutalika kwa 7-10 cm ndi mainchesi 1-1.5 cm. Maonekedwe ake ndi cylindrical, akukula pang'ono pafupi ndi maziko. Mu bowa wosakhwima, mwendo umakhala wandiweyani, koma ukacha, mikwingwirima ndi voids zimawonekera mkati mwake. Mwendo wa zoyandama zazing'ono zoyera ngati chipale chofewa umadziwika ndi mtundu woyera, pang'onopang'ono umakhala mdima, umakhala wakuda imvi.

Zamkati za bowa zilibe fungo kapena kukoma kwake. Ndi kuwonongeka kwamakina, zamkati za thupi la fruiting la bowa sizisintha mtundu wake, kukhala woyera.

Pamwamba pa zoyandama zoyera ngati chipale chofewa, zotsalira za chophimba zimawonekera, zomwe zimayimiridwa ndi Volvo yooneka ngati thumba komanso yoyera. Pafupi ndi tsinde palibe mphete yamitundu yambiri ya bowa. Pachipewa cha bowa aang'ono nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona zoyera zoyera, koma mu bowa wakucha zimasowa popanda kufufuza.

Hymenophore ya zoyandama zoyera (Amanita nivalis) imadziwika ndi mtundu wa lamellar. Zinthu zake - mbale, zomwe zimapezeka nthawi zambiri, momasuka, zikukula kwambiri m'mphepete mwa kapu. Pafupi ndi tsinde, mbalezo ndi zopapatiza kwambiri, ndipo kawirikawiri zimatha kukhala zosiyana.

Ufa wa spore ndi woyera, ndipo kukula kwake kwa pore kumasiyana pakati pa 8-13 microns. Amakhala ozungulira, osalala mpaka kukhudza, amakhala ndi madontho a fulorosenti mu kuchuluka kwa zidutswa 1 kapena 2. Khungu la kapu ya bowa lili ndi ma microcells, omwe m'lifupi mwake sadutsa ma microns atatu, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 3 microns.

Grebe nyengo ndi malo okhala

Kuyandama koyera kwa chipale chofewa kumapezeka pa dothi lamitengo, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango. Amakhala m'gulu la mycorrhiza-formers yogwira. Mutha kukumana ndi bowa wamtunduwu m'makontinenti onse kupatula Antarctica. Nthawi zambiri bowawu amapezeka m'nkhalango zodula, koma nthawi zina amamera m'nkhalango zosakanikirana. M'mapiri amatha kukula pamtunda wosapitirira 1200 m. Ndikosowa kukumana ndi zoyandama zoyera ngati chipale chofewa m'dziko lathu, zomwe sizikudziwika bwino komanso zosaphunzitsidwa bwino ndi asayansi. Kubala zipatso za bowa zamtunduwu kumatenga kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala. Amapezeka ku our country, Dziko Lathu, m'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya (England, Switzerland, Germany, Sweden, France, Latvia, Belarus, Estonia). Kuphatikiza apo, zoyandama zoyera ngati chipale chofewa zimamera ku Asia, ku Altai Territory, China ndi Kazakhstan. Ku North America, mtundu wa bowa uwu umamera ku Greenland.

Kukula

Choyandama choyera ngati chipale chofewa chimatengedwa ngati bowa wodyedwa, koma ndi zochepa zomwe zaphunziridwa, kotero ena otola bowa amawona kuti ndi oopsa kapena osadyedwa. Zimagawidwa m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya, koma ndizosowa kwambiri.

Mitundu yofananira ndi kusiyana kwawo

Mitundu ina ya bowa ndi yofanana ndi yoyandama yoyera ngati chipale chofewa, ndipo onsewa ali m'gulu lazodyera. Komabe, zoyandama zoyera ngati chipale chofewa ( Amanita nivalis ) zimatha kusiyanitsa mosavuta ndi mitundu ina ya ntchentche za agaric chifukwa chosowa mphete pafupi ndi tsinde.

Zambiri za bowa

Zoyandama zoyera ngati chipale chofewa ndi zamtundu wa Amanitopsis Roze. Matupi a zipatso amtunduwu amatha kukhala akulu komanso apakatikati. Mu bowa wosakhwima, pamwamba pa tsinde ndi kapu amatsekedwa mu chivundikiro wamba, chomwe chimatseguka bwino pamene matupi a fruiting akucha. Kuchokera pamenepo, m'munsi mwa tsinde la bowa, Volvo nthawi zambiri imakhalapo, yomwe siimangowonetsedwa bwino, komanso imakhala ndi voliyumu yayikulu, imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ngati thumba. Mu bowa wokhwima wa chipale chofewa choyandama, Volvo ikhoza kutha. Koma chivundikiro chachinsinsi pa bowa wotere sichipezeka, chifukwa chake palibe mphete pafupi ndi tsinde.

Mutha kulekanitsa mosavuta chipewa cha choyandama choyera-chipale chofewa pa mwendo. Pakhoza kukhala njerewere pa cuticle wake, amene n'zosavuta kupatukana ndi woonda chapamwamba cuticle.