Kudzutsa malingaliro: momwe mungapezere lingaliro lanzeru

Tiyeni nthawi yomweyo tione mmene kulenga mukuganiza. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutchula, mosakayikira, wolemba ndakatulo, gawo la thupi ndi chipatso.

Ambiri a ku Russia adzakumbukira Pushkin kapena Yesenin, mphuno kapena milomo, apulo kapena lalanje. Izi ndichifukwa cha chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino. Ngati simunatchulepo chilichonse mwazinthu izi, zikomo: ndinu munthu wopanga. Ngati mayankho akufanana, musataye mtima - zilandiridwenso zitha kupangidwa.

Zoyipa zaukadaulo

Kuti mupeze, muyenera kuphunzira zambiri: kumvetsetsa nkhaniyi osati kubwezeretsanso gudumu. Chododometsa ndi chakuti chidziwitso ndicho chimalepheretsa kupeza.

Maphunziro amazikidwa pa clichés «momwe kuyenera kukhalira» komanso pa mndandanda wa zoletsa «momwe ziyenera kukhalira». Unyolo uwu umalepheretsa luso. Kupanga chinthu chatsopano kumatanthauza kuyang'ana chinthu chodziwika kuchokera kumbali yachilendo, popanda zoletsa ndi zoletsa.

Nthaŵi ina wophunzira wa pa yunivesite ya California, George Danzig, anachedwa ndi phunziro. Panali equation pa bolodi. George anaganiza kuti inali homuweki. Kwa masiku angapo anadabwa kwambiri ndi zimenezi ndipo anali ndi nkhawa kwambiri kuti anatumiza chigamulo mochedwa.

Patapita masiku angapo, pulofesa wina wa payunivesiteyo anagogoda pakhomo la George. Zinapezeka kuti George mwangozi anatsimikizira theorems kuti ambiri masamu, kuyambira Einstein, anavutika kuthetsa. Mphunzitsiyo analemba mfundozo pa bolodi monga chitsanzo cha mavuto osathetsedwa. Ophunzira ena anali otsimikiza kuti panalibe yankho, ndipo sanayese n’komwe kulipeza.

Einstein anati: “Aliyense amadziwa kuti zimenezi n’zosatheka. Koma apa pakubwera mbuli yemwe sadziwa izi - ndi iye amene amatulukira.

Timakonda kudzikayikira. Ngakhale wogwira ntchitoyo akutsimikiza kuti lingalirolo lidzabweretsa ndalama ku kampaniyo, mokakamizidwa ndi anzake, amasiya.

Mu 1951, katswiri wa zamaganizo Solomon Asch anapempha ophunzira a Harvard kuti "ayese maso awo." Kwa gulu la anthu asanu ndi aŵiri, iye anasonyeza makadiwo, ndiyeno anafunsa mafunso ponena za iwo. Mayankho olondola anali odziwikiratu.

Mwa anthu asanu ndi awiriwo, mmodzi yekha ndi amene adachita nawo kuyesera. Enanso asanu ndi mmodzi ankagwira ntchito yonyenga. Anasankha dala mayankho olakwika. Membala weniweni nthawi zonse adayankha komaliza. Iye anali wotsimikiza kuti enawo anali olakwa. Koma itafika nthawi yake, iye anamvera maganizo a anthu ambiri ndipo anayankha molakwika.

Ubongo umagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri pothana ndi vuto, ndipo mphamvu zonse za thupi zimafuna kulisunga. Mayankho okonzeka amapulumutsa chuma chathu: timangoyendetsa galimoto, kutsanulira khofi, kutseka nyumbayo, kusankha mtundu womwewo. Tikaganizira zochita zilizonse, tikanatopa msanga.

Koma kuti mutuluke mumkhalidwe wosakhala wokhazikika, muyenera kulimbana ndi ubongo waulesi, chifukwa mayankho okhazikika sadzatipititsa patsogolo. Dziko lapansi likusintha nthawi zonse, ndipo tikuyembekezera zatsopano. Mark Zuckerberg sakanapanga Facebook (bungwe lochita zinthu monyanyira loletsedwa ku Russia) ngati anali wotsimikiza kuti mabwalo anali okwanira kuti anthu azilankhulana.

Kuphika chokoleti mu mawonekedwe a dzira kapena kuthira mkaka m'thumba m'malo mwa botolo kumatanthauza kuphwanya malingaliro omwe ali m'mutu mwanu. Ndilo luso lophatikiza zosagwirizana zomwe zimathandiza kubwera ndi zinthu zatsopano, zosavuta komanso zothandiza.

Kulenga pamodzi

M'mbuyomu, olemba zaluso zaluso ndi zopanga anali osungulumwa: da Vinci, Einstein, Tesla. Masiku ano, pali ntchito zambiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndi magulu a olemba: mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa yunivesite ya Northwestern ku United States, pazaka 50 zapitazi, kuchuluka kwa zomwe atulukira ndi magulu a asayansi awonjezeka ndi 95%.

Chifukwa chake ndizovuta za njira komanso kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso. Ngati oyambitsa ndege yoyamba, abale Wilbur ndi Orville Wright, anasonkhanitsa makina owulukira pamodzi, lero injini ya Boeing yokha imafuna antchito mazanamazana.

njira yothetsera ubongo

Kuti athetse mavuto ovuta, akatswiri ochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana amafunikira. Nthawi zina mafunso amawonekera pamzere wotsatsa ndi mayendedwe, kukonzekera ndi kukonza bajeti. Kuyang'ana kosavuta kuchokera kunja kumathandiza kuchoka kuzinthu zosasinthika. Izi ndi zomwe njira zofufuzira pamodzi malingaliro zimapangidwira.

Mu Guided Imagination, Alex Osborne anafotokoza njira yopangira malingaliro. M’kati mwa nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse, iye anatumikira monga ofisala m’sitima yonyamula katundu wankhondo kupita ku Ulaya. Zombozo zinalibe chitetezo polimbana ndi adani a torpedo. Paulendo wina, Alex adapempha amalinyero kuti abwere ndi malingaliro openga kwambiri momwe angatetezere sitimayo ku torpedoes.

M’modzi wa amalinyerowo anaseka kuti amalinyero onse aimirire m’ngalawamo ndi kuwomba torpedo kuti aigwetse. Chifukwa cha lingaliro lodabwitsali, mafani apansi pamadzi adayikidwa m'mbali mwa chotengeracho. Pamene torpedo inayandikira, adapanga ndege yamphamvu yomwe "inawomba" kuopsa kwa mbali.

Mwina munamvapo za kukambirana, mwinanso kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Koma iwo ndithudi anaiwala za lamulo lalikulu la kulingalira: pamene anthu akufotokoza malingaliro, simungathe kutsutsa, kunyoza ndi kuopseza ndi mphamvu. Ngati amalinyero amawopa mkuluyo, palibe amene akanachita nthabwala - sakadapeza yankho. Mantha amaletsa kulenga.

Kukambirana koyenera kumachitika m'magawo atatu.

1. Kukonzekera: zindikirani vuto.
2. Zopanga: kuletsa kutsutsa, sonkhanitsani malingaliro ambiri momwe mungathere.
3. Gulu: santhula zotsatira, sankhani malingaliro 2-3 ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito.

Kulingalira bwino kumagwira ntchito pamene antchito a magulu osiyanasiyana atenga nawo mbali pazokambirana. Osati mtsogoleri mmodzi ndi omvera, koma atsogoleri angapo a dipatimenti ndi omvera. Kuopa kuwoneka opusa pamaso pa akuluakulu ndikuweruzidwa ndi wamkulu kumapangitsa kukhala kovuta kubwera ndi malingaliro atsopano.

Simunganene kuti ndi lingaliro loipa. Simungakane lingaliro chifukwa “ndiloseketsa”, “palibe amene amachita monga choncho” komanso “muligwiritsa ntchito bwanji”.

Mu 2003, Harlan Nemeth, pulofesa wa zamaganizo pa yunivesite ya California, adayesa. Ophunzira 265 adagawidwa m'magulu atatu ndipo adadzipereka kuti athetse vuto la kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ku San Francisco. Gulu loyamba linagwira ntchito pamalingaliro amalingaliro - palibe kutsutsa pa siteji yolenga. Gulu lachiwiri linaloledwa kukangana. Gulu lachitatu silinalandire zikhalidwe.

Atamaliza, membala aliyense adafunsidwa ngati angafune kuwonjezera malingaliro ena angapo. Mamembala oyamba ndi achitatu adapereka malingaliro 2-3 aliyense. Atsikana ochokera m'gulu la otsutsa adatchula malingaliro asanu ndi awiri aliyense.

Kutsutsa-kukangana kumathandiza kuona zofooka za lingaliro ndikupeza zizindikiro za kukhazikitsa njira zatsopano. Kulingalira sikugwira ntchito ngati zokambiranazo zili zenizeni: simukukonda lingaliro, koma mumakonda munthu amene wanena. Ndipo mosemphanitsa. Ganizirani malingaliro a wina ndi mzake sayenera kukhala ogwira nawo ntchito, koma wachitatu, munthu wopanda chidwi. Vuto ndikupeza.

Njira zitatu zapampando

Njira yothetsera vutoli idapezeka ndi Walt Disney - adapanga njira ya "mipando itatu", yomwe imafuna mphindi 15 zokha za nthawi yogwira ntchito. Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji?

Muli ndi ntchito yosakhazikika. Tangoganizani mipando itatu. Mmodzi mwamaganizidwe amatenga mpando woyamba ndikukhala "wolota". Amabwera ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zothetsera mavuto.

Wachiwiriyo amakhala pansi pa mpando wa «realist's» ndipo akufotokoza momwe angabweretsere malingaliro a "wolota" kumoyo. Wophunzira amayesa ntchitoyi mosasamala kanthu za momwe iye mwini akugwirizanirana ndi lingalirolo. Ntchito yake ndikuwunika zovuta ndi mwayi.

Wotsiriza mpando wotanganidwa ndi «wotsutsa». Iye amawunika malingaliro a «wowona». Zimasankha zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito powonetsera. Pala malingaliro osagwirizana ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, ndikusankha yabwino kwambiri.

Chinsinsi cha Genius

Kupanga ndi luso, osati luso. Osati kutha kuwona tebulo la zinthu zamankhwala m'maloto, koma njira zenizeni zomwe zimathandizira kudzutsa chidziwitso.

Ngati mukumva ngati simungathe kuganiza mwaluso, ndiye kuti malingaliro anu akugona. Ikhoza kudzutsidwa - mwamwayi, pali njira zambiri, ziwembu ndi malingaliro a chitukuko cha kulenga.

Pali malamulo omwe angathandize pakufufuza kulikonse kopanga:

• Kulankhula momveka bwino. Funso lofunsidwa bwino limakhala ndi mayankho ambiri. Osadzifunsa kuti: "Zotani?" Ingoganizirani zotsatira zomwe mukufuna kupeza ndikuganizira momwe mungakwaniritsire. Kudziwa zomwe mukufunikira kuti mupeze kumapeto, ndizosavuta kuyang'ana yankho.
• Kuletsa zoletsa. Osatengera mawu anga pa izo. Vuto silingatheke ngati mwayesa ndikulephera. Osagwiritsa ntchito mayankho okonzeka: ali ngati mankhwala omaliza - adzathetsa vuto la njala, koma adzachita ndi thanzi labwino.
• Phatikizani zosagwirizana. Bwerani ndi china chatsopano tsiku lililonse: sinthani njira yopita kuntchito, pezani zomwe mungafanane pakati pa khwangwala ndi desiki, werengerani malaya ofiira panjira yopita ku subway. Ntchito zachilendozi zimaphunzitsa ubongo kuti upite mofulumira kupyola nthawi zonse ndikuyang'ana njira zoyenera.
• Lemekezani anzanu. Mvetserani maganizo a anthu amene akugwira ntchito pafupi ndi inu. Ngakhale malingaliro awo akuwoneka ngati opanda pake. Atha kukhala chilimbikitso cha zomwe mwapeza ndikukuthandizani kuyenda m'njira yoyenera.
• Zindikirani lingalirolo. Malingaliro osakwaniritsidwa alibe phindu. Kubwera ndi kusuntha kosangalatsa sikuli kobvuta monga kuchichita. Ngati kusunthako kuli kwapadera, palibe zida kapena kafukufuku wa izo. Ndizotheka kuzizindikira mwangozi komanso pachiwopsezo chanu. Mayankho achilengedwe amafunikira kulimba mtima, koma abweretse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.