Kefir

Kufotokozera

Kefir (kuchokera paulendowu. KEF - health) ndi chakumwa chopatsa thanzi chomwe chimapezeka munthawi ya mkaka. Kutentha kumachitika chifukwa cha mabakiteriya a lactic acid: timitengo, streptococci, yisiti, mabakiteriya a acetic, ndi mitundu ina pafupifupi 16. Nambala yawo siyikhala yochepera 107 pa lita. Chakumwa chimakhala ndi utoto woyera, mawonekedwe ofanana, kununkhira kwa mkaka wowawasa, komanso gawo laling'ono la carbon dioxide. Kefir yotchuka kwambiri yapezeka pakati pa mayiko a Slavic ndi Balkan, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Hungary, Finland, Israel, Poland, USA, ndi mayiko a Middle East.

Mbiri ya Kefir

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Kefir idalandira okwera mapiri a anthu a Karachai ndi Balkars. Izi zidachitika chifukwa chakumeza bowa wa mkaka kefir mdera lamapiri pafupi ndi MT. Izi mbewu zakumwa za mkaka zinali zamtengo wapatali ndi anthu akumaloko kotero kuti amazigwiritsa ntchito ngati ndalama posinthanitsa ndi katundu wina, amapereka chiwongola dzanja kwa atsikanawo paukwatiwo. Kufalikira kwa zakumwa padziko lonse lapansi kudayamba mu 1867; anthu anali kugulitsa mwaulere. Koma Chinsinsi iwo anali mu chidaliro kwambiri.

Kupanga ndi kugulitsa Kefir ku Soviet Union kunayamba chifukwa cha nkhani yosakhulupirika ya mtsikana. Irina Sakharova, atamaliza sukulu yamalonda amkaka mu 1906, adatumizidwa ku Karachi kukatenga zakumwa kuchokera kwa anthu akumaloko. Kale pamalo, msungwanayo adakonda mmodzi mwa okwezeka, ndipo ndichikhalidwe cha opita kumtunda kuba mkwatibwi. Sanalole kuti izi zichitike ndipo adamupititsa kukhothi. Monga chindapusa cha kuwonongeka kwamakhalidwe, adapempha kuti awulule chinsinsi cha kefir. Khothi la milandu lidaperekedwa, ndipo Irina adabwerera kunyumba, titha kunena ndi chigonjetso. Kuyambira 1913, chakumwacho chinayamba kutulutsa ku Moscow, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo, chinafalikira ku Soviet Union.

Makampani amakono azakudya amapanga pamsika mitundu ingapo:

• wopanda mafuta - ndi mafuta pang'ono kuchokera ku 0,01% mpaka 1%;
• zachikale - 2,5%;
• mafuta 3.2%;
• poterera - 6%.

Ambiri opanga amawonjezera ku Kefir zipatso ndi mabulosi amadzaza kapena amaphatikizidwa ndi mavitamini C, A, ndi E. Komanso, mumitundu ina ya Kefir, onjezerani bifidobacteria kuti ikwaniritse kaphatikizidwe kake ndi chimbudzi. Kefir nthawi zambiri imakhala m'mabotolo apulasitiki ndi magalasi 0.5 ndi lita imodzi m'matumba a polypropylene ndi mapaketi a tetra.

Momwe mungapangire kefir

Kefir ndiosavuta kupanga kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, tengani mkaka (1 l) ndi yisiti youma ndi mabakiteriya amoyo. Ngati mkaka ndi wochokera kufamu, muyenera kuwira ndikuzizira kutentha; simuyenera kuphika mabakiteriya amenewo. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wosakanizidwa kapena wosawilitsidwa, mutha kudumpha njira yotentha. Kuphatikiza pa zoyambira zouma, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Kefir yogulitsidwa m'sitolo, ndipo dzina lake liyenera kukhala "ndi zomwe zili ndi mabakiteriya amoyo wa lactic acid kapena bifidobacteria" osachepera 107.

Sakanizani zosakaniza zonse, kutsanulira mu makapu a Kefir wopanga, ndi kusiya kwa maola 8-12 kutengera mphamvu ya chipangizocho (werengani bukuli). Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito thermos kapena mtsuko wokhazikika, koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti mphika uyenera kutentha nthawi zonse. Kupanda kutero, kukula kwa mabakiteriya sikudzachitika. Kuti athetse kuyaka, Kefir yomalizidwa iyenera kuyisunga mufiriji pamlingo wa 1-4 ° C.

Momwe mungasankhire

Mukamasankha Kefir m'sitolo, muyenera kulabadira tsiku lopangira ndi mashelufu a Kefir. Zakumwa zabwino sizimasunga masiku opitilira 10. Chizindikiro cha nthawi yosungira phukusi mpaka mwezi umodzi chitha kuwonetsa zakumwa zakumwa, maantibayotiki, kapena mabakiteriya osakhala amoyo. Komanso, ndibwino kugula Kefir mugalasi kapena zotengera za pulasitiki. Posungunula zakumwa kudzera pakhoma la phukusi, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti ndi loyera komanso losasinthasintha. Exfoliate Kefir ndi Chipangano chosungira asanalakwitse.