Okutapasi

Kufotokozera

Octopus ndi cholengedwa chomwe thupi lake lili ngati mpira wokhala ndi mahema asanu ndi atatu omwe amatuluka kuchokera pamenepo. M'malo mwake, pansi pa thupi lake lotakasa pali ubongo wotukuka kwambiri komanso dongosolo lamanjenje la nyama yanzeru kwambiri.

Nyamayi ndi ya mtundu wa cephalopods. Thupi lake limakhala lofewa komanso lalifupi, kumbuyo kwake kuli kozungulira. Pakamwa pa octopusyo pamakhala mphambano zazingwe zake ndipo ndi ofanana ndi mlomo wa chinkhwe, pomwe chimakhala ndi nsagwada ziwiri zamphamvu.

Kutsegula kwa octopus kubisika pansi pa chovala, chomwe chitha kufananizidwa ndi thumba lachikopa lamakwinya. Octopus amapera chakudya ndi grater yomwe ili pakhosi pake. Zoyala zazitali, zomwe zilipo 8, zimachokera pamutu wa octopus.

Mwa octopus amphongo, chimodzi mwazomwe zimayesedwa chimasinthidwa kukhala chiwalo choberekera. Zoyeserera zonse zimalumikizidwa ndi nembanemba yopyapyala. Pachihema chilichonse pali ma suckers, omwe ali mpaka 2000 yonse.

Makhalidwe oyambira

Mtundu - Molluscs
Maphunziro - Cephalopods
Mtundu / Mitundu - Octopus vulgaris

Zambiri:

• SIZE
  Kutalika: mpaka 3 m, nthawi zambiri ochepera.
  Kulemera kwake: pafupifupi 25 kg. Akazi amafika pokhwima pogonana polemera 1 kg, ndipo amuna - 100 g.
• KUBADWA
  Kutha msinkhu: akazi kuyambira miyezi 18-24, amuna koyambirira.
  Chiwerengero cha mazira: mpaka 150,000.
  Makulitsidwe: masabata 4-6.
• CHIKHALIDWE
  Zizolowezi: osungulumwa; ndi usiku.
  Chakudya: Makamaka nkhanu, nkhanu ndi bivalve molluscs.
  Nthawi ya moyo: akazi amamwalira ali ndi zaka ziwiri atabadwa ana. Amuna amakhala ndi moyo wautali.
• Mitundu YOKHUDZA
  Achibale oyandikana kwambiri ndi nautilus ndi decapod cephalopods, monga cuttlefish ndi squid.

Kapangidwe ndi kalori okhutira

Nyama ya Octopus imakhala ndi mapuloteni komanso mpaka 10% yamafuta. Minofu imadzaza ndi zinthu zowonjezera, zomwe zimapatsa octopus mbale kukoma kwake.
Kuphatikiza pa mapuloteni ndi mafuta, nyama ya octopus imakhala ndi mavitamini B, carotene, tocopherol, vitamini K, nicotinic ndi ascorbic acid.

Macro ndi ma microelements omwe amakhuta nyama ya octopus amaperekedwa motere: sodium, calcium, potaziyamu, magnesium, phosphorous, ayodini, mkuwa, chitsulo, zinc, selenium ndi manganese.

• Zakudya za caloriki 82 kcal
• Mapuloteni 14.91 g
• Mafuta 1.04 g
• Zakudya 2.2 g

Ubwino wa octopus

Pali mafuta ambiri omega-3 polyunsaturated acid mu nyama. Izi wapadera pawiri zimathandiza pa ntchito ya mtima dongosolo ndi amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ambiri, normalizes ntchito ubongo.

Pali pafupifupi 160 kcal pa magalamu 100 a nyama ya octopus. Chojambulacho chimakhala ndi mapuloteni osungika mosavuta - mpaka magalamu 30 pa magalamu 100 azinthuzo. Mafuta ake ndi ochepa ndipo samapitilira magalamu awiri. Ubwino wa nyama ya octopus ndi chifukwa cha mavitamini A, B, PP, D omwe amapezeka; mchere - calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, selenium, molybdenum, ayodini, potaziyamu ndi ena.

Chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri zofunika komanso mafuta ochepa, nyama zam'nyanjazi zitha kudyedwa ngakhale ndi anthu omwe amakonda kukhala onenepa kwambiri ndikuwona mawonekedwe awo.

Octopus imavulaza

Lero, malinga ndi asayansi, kuwonongeka konse kwa nyanja kulamulira, komwe kwadzetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakupha m'nyanja zam'madzi, komanso mankhwala owopsa a mercury.

The kawopsedwe wa methylmercury ali mu nyama nyama kuposa zizindikiro zonse za ziphe odziwika bwino masiku ano. Izi ndizovulaza octopus osati iwo okha; nkhanu, nkhono, nkhanu ndi nkhanu, kelp ndizoopsa ku thanzi la zamoyo zam'madzi.

Zinthu zovulaza, zomwe zimadzichulukirachulukira m'thupi mwathu, zimayambitsa matenda osasinthika, kuvulala kwakukulu kumakhudza masomphenya, kumva ndi dongosolo lamanjenje.
Zosintha zosasinthika zimachitika mwa munthu. Ndipo izi ndizovulaza octopus, makamaka chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe kuposa iwo eni.

Zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha nsomba, kuphatikizapo octopus, ndizofala pakati pa anthu.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Mitundu yoposa 200 ya octopus imapezeka m'chilengedwe, koma si yonse yomwe imadyedwa. Zina sizikulimbikitsidwa konse, chifukwa ndizowopsa kwambiri (nkhono zoterezi zomwe zimakhala mu Pacific Ocean zimatha kusiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi kupezeka kwa mphete zabuluu pamisasa).

Pali mitundu ingapo ya octopus, mwachitsanzo, yayikulu, kwa amalonda. Mitundu ya mollusks imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi: kutalika kwa matupi awo, ofiira ofiira ofiira ndi mtundu wachilengedwe wa marble, amatha kufikira masentimita 60, komanso limodzi ndi ma tentament - 3 m.

Nyamakazi zazikuluzikulu zimagwidwa m'nyanja za South Korea, North Korea ndi North Japan. Ku Korea, kupatula chimphona chotchedwa "muno", octopus wokhala ndi zida zokwapula - "nakchi" nawonso wafalikira. Chotsatirachi chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi mabotolo owala ndipo umakula mpaka 70 cm (kutalika ndi mahema).

Ku Africa, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza octopus wamba, yemwenso amatchuka m'maiko ena. Ku Russia, ku Nyanja ya Japan, ma octopus olemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 2-4 amagwidwa, omwe ndi abwino kukonzekera mbale zotentha, komanso mtundu wocheperako wa "muscardini" (kulemera kwake sikupitilira magalamu 100), amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masaladi.

Ma octopus ang'onoang'ono kapena apakatikati nthawi zambiri amadya - nkhonozi zimakhala ndi matupi okoma komanso okoma. Mukamasankha, mverani momwe maso alili (momwe zimawonekera bwino, octopus yatsopano) ndi mahema, omwe ayenera kukhala amtundu wofanana, wowala komanso osawonongeka.

Makhalidwe akulawa

Ma Octopus amafunika kukoma kwawo kuchokera kuzinthu zowonjezera zomwe zimalowa mumisempha yawo. Ndi magawo omwe amadziwika kuti ndiofunika kwambiri pankhani yazakudya, ngakhale, mosiyana ndi nkhono zambiri, octopus amadyedwa kwathunthu. Amakonda squid koposa zonse, koma ocheperako komanso achifundo, ngati, ukadaulo wophika umatsatiridwa. Nyama yowutsa mudyo yokhala ndi zotsekemera zotsekemera imatha kukhala chakudya chokoma patebulo lililonse.

Kuphika mapulogalamu

Nthiri zophika, zokazinga, zokometsera, kuzifutsa, kusuta, zokutidwa - m'mawu amodzi, zimaphikidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kupeza chakudya choyambirira nthawi zonse. Chofunikira ndikuphika mosamala kuti muchotse inki yomwe imatsalira mtembo, ndi zinthu zina zosakopa kwenikweni.

Pali zinsinsi zophika nyamayi. Chifukwa chake, kuti tikwaniritse kufewetsa, mahemawo amenyedwa, asanazizidwe mufiriji.

Nyama ya Octopus nthawi zambiri imawonjezeredwa mu supu, zimayenda bwino ndi nsomba zina, mwachitsanzo, squid, komanso masamba, nyemba, mpunga, zitsamba, mutha kuphika cutlets kuchokera pamenepo. Kukoma kwake kumatha kupitilizidwa mosavuta ndikuwonjezera msuzi wa soya, maolivi kapena vinyo wosasa.

Nthomba zimaphikidwa ndikudya m'njira zosiyanasiyana m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ku Portugal nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nyemba ndi ndiwo zamasamba, kuphatikiza tsabola belu, mbatata, tomato ndi maolivi, ngakhale mdziko muno ndikosavuta kulawa masaladi okoma ndikuwonjezera nkhono.

Ku Spain, mphete zakunyama za octopus ndizodziwika, zomwe zimaphikidwa mu mtanda, paella imaphikanso nawo. Ku Italy, supu amapangidwa kuchokera ku chipolopolo cha nkhono, ndipo nyamayi ndizoyeneranso masangweji. Chakudya chosangalatsa chimatha kulawa kuzilumba za Polynesia: nyamayi zimayambitsidwa koyamba, kenako zimaphika mkaka wa kokonati, kenako zimaphika.

Ndipo ku Japan ndi Korea amadyedwa amoyo, komabe, mbale iyi si ya mtima wofooka, chifukwa zomwe zidadulidwa ma octopus zimatha kukhalabe achangu kwanthawi yayitali. Ku Japan komweko, sushi, masaladi ndi msuzi amapangidwa ndi nkhono; tokoyaki imadziwikanso pano - zidutswa zokazinga za octopus mu batter.

Kuphatikiza pa njira zosowa zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, ku Korea kulinso zachilendo komanso zovomerezeka ngakhale kwa alendo akunja, mwachitsanzo, mbale ya nakchi chongol - mphodza wamasamba wokhala ndi octopus. Ku China, nkhono zam'madzi zimadyedwa mwanjira iliyonse: kuzifutsa, kuphika, kuphika, komanso, zosaphika.

OCTOPUS WOKazinga NDI NDIMA NDI GALIKI

zosakaniza

• Magalamu 300 a ziwombankhanga zazing'ono za octopus
• 30 ml mafuta
• 4 adyo cloves, Finyani
• Zest ya mandimu 1
• 1/2 madzi a mandimu
• 1/4 gulu la parsley, lodulidwa bwino

Kukonzekera

1. Pakani skillet wamkulu pakatikati-kutentha kwambiri, mafuta a azitona, onjezerani ma squid ndikuyika mwachangu kwa miniti mbali iliyonse kuti mukhale ndi manyazi komanso kutumphuka.
2. Onjezani adyo, zest ndi mchere kuti mulawe. Onetsetsani bwino, kutentha kwa mphindi imodzi yokha.
3. Chotsani skillet pamoto, kutsanulira madzi a mandimu, kusonkhezera ndikusamutsa mbale yothandizira. Thirani timadziti onunkhira kuchokera poto pa octopus ndi kuwaza ndi parsley.

Kutumikira nthawi yomweyo!