Peter ndi Fevronia: pamodzi zivute zitani

Nkhani ya Peter ndi Fevronia ndi chitsanzo cha momwe mungaphunzirire kukondana mosasamala kanthu za mikhalidwe. Sizinachitike nthawi yomweyo. Iwo anali atazunguliridwa ndi anthu oipa omwe sankafuna ukwati umenewu. Anali ndi chikaiko chachikulu ... Koma anakhalabe pamodzi. Ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, mu awiri awo, palibe amene anali kuwonjezera kwa wina - ngakhale mwamuna kwa mkazi, kapena mkazi kwa mwamuna. Aliyense ndi munthu wodziimira yekha ndi khalidwe lowala.

Chiwembu ndi maudindo

Tiyeni tiyang'ane mwatsatanetsatane mbiri yawo mwatsatanetsatane ndikusanthula kuchokera pamalingaliro a maudindo amalingaliro.¹. Pali mitundu inayi ya iwo: somatic (thupi), maganizo, chikhalidwe ndi zauzimu (transcendental).

Petro anamenyana ndi njoka yoipayo ndipo anapambana (udindo wauzimu), koma iye analandira magazi a chilombocho. Chifukwa cha izi, adadzazidwa ndi nkhanambo ndipo adadwala kwambiri (udindo wa somatic). Pofunafuna chithandizo, amapita ku dziko la Ryazan, kumene Fevronia amakhala mchiritsi.

Petulo anatumiza wantchito wake kuti akamuuze chifukwa chimene iwo anafika, ndipo mtsikanayo anakhazikitsa lamulo lakuti: “Ndikufuna kumuchiritsa, koma sindikufuna mphoto iliyonse kwa iye. Nali mau anga kwa iye: Ngati sindikhala mkazi wake, sikuli koyenera kwa ine kumchitira iye.² (Somatic udindo - iye amadziwa kuchiritsa, chikhalidwe - akufuna kukhala mkazi wa kalonga mbale, kwambiri kuonjezera udindo wake).

Petulo sanamuone ndipo sakudziwa ngati angamukonde. Koma iye ndi mwana wamkazi wa mlimi wa njuchi, wosonkhanitsa uchi wa kuthengo, ndiko kuti, kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha anthu, iye si banja. Amapereka chilolezo chonyenga, akukonzekera kunyenga. Monga mukuonera, iye sali wokonzeka kusunga mawu ake. Lili ndi chinyengo komanso kunyada. Ngakhale kuti alinso ndi udindo wauzimu, chifukwa anagonjetsa njoka osati ndi mphamvu zake zokha, koma ndi mphamvu ya Mulungu.

Fevronia amapereka mankhwala kwa Petro ndipo akulamula, pamene asamba, kuti apake nkhanambo zonse, kupatulapo imodzi. Achita zimenezi n’kutuluka m’bafamo ali ndi thupi loyera — wachira. Koma m'malo mokwatiwa, amapita ku Murom, ndipo amatumiza mphatso zamtengo wapatali ku Fevronia. Iye sakuwalandira.

Posakhalitsa, kuchokera ku nkhanambo yosadzozedwa, zilonda zinafalikiranso pathupi lonse la Petro, nthendayo imabwereranso. Akupitanso ku Fevronia, ndipo zonse zikubwereza. Ndi kusiyana komwe nthawi ino akulonjeza moona mtima kuti amukwatira ndipo, atachira, amakwaniritsa lonjezo lake. Amayenda limodzi kupita ku Murom.

Kodi pali chinyengo apa?

Tikayika chiwembu ichi pa hagiodrama (iyi ndi psychodrama yozikidwa pa moyo wa oyera mtima), ophunzira ena amanena kuti Fevronia akuyendetsa Petro. Ndi choncho? Tiyeni tiganizire.

Wochiritsayo amasiya matenda ake osachiritsika. Koma pambuyo pa zonse, adalonjeza kuti amuchiza osati muzochitika zilizonse, koma ngati akwatiwa naye. Iye samaphwanya mawu, mosiyana ndi iye. Sakwatira kapena kuchiritsidwa.

Mfundo ina yosangalatsa: kwa Peter, ubale wawo makamaka ndi wachikhalidwe: "Mumandichitira, ndikulipirani." Choncho, iye amaona kuti n'zotheka kuswa lonjezo lake kukwatira Fevronia ndi amachitira monyansidwa chirichonse chimene chimadutsa chikhalidwe "odwala - dokotala".

Koma Fevronia amamuchitira osati chifukwa cha matenda a thupi ndipo mwachindunji amauza mtumiki za izi: "Bweretsani kalonga wanu kuno. Ngati ali woona mtima ndi wodzichepetsa m’mawu ake, adzakhala wathanzi!” Iye «achiritsa» Peter ku chinyengo ndi kunyada, amene ali mbali ya chithunzi cha matenda. Iye samasamala za thupi lake lokha, komanso za moyo wake.

Tsatanetsatane wa njira

Tiyeni tiwone momwe otchulidwawo amayandirira. Poyamba Petro akutumiza amithenga kukakambirana. Kenaka amathera m'nyumba ya Fevronia ndipo mwina amawonana, koma amalankhulabe kudzera mwa antchito. Ndipo kokha pa kubwerera kwa Petro ndi kulapa kumene msonkhano wowona umachitika, pamene iwo samawona ndi kulankhulana wina ndi mzake, komanso amachita izo moona mtima, popanda zolinga zachinsinsi. Msonkhanowu umatha ndi ukwati.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro a chiphunzitso cha maudindo, amadziŵana wina ndi mzake pamlingo wa somatic: Fevronia amachitira thupi la Petro. Amatsitsirana pamlingo wamalingaliro: kumbali imodzi, amawonetsa malingaliro ake kwa iye, pomwe, amamuchiritsa kudzimva kuti ndi wapamwamba. Pa chikhalidwe cha anthu, chimathetsa kusalingana. Pamlingo wauzimu, iwo amapanga banja, ndipo aliyense amakhalabe ndi maudindo ake auzimu, Mphatso zake zochokera kwa Ambuye. Iye ndi Mphatso ya Wankhondo, ndiye Mphatso ya machiritso.

Ulamuliro

Amakhala ku Murom. Pamene mchimwene wake Peter anamwalira, iye anakhala kalonga, ndipo Fevronia anakhala mwana wa mfumu. Akazi a anyamata sasangalala kuti amalamulidwa ndi munthu wamba. Anyamatawo amafunsa Petro kuti atumize Fevronia, amawatumiza kwa iye: "Tiyeni timvere zomwe adzanene."

Fevronia akuyankha kuti ali wokonzeka kuchoka, kutenga chinthu chamtengo wapatali ndi iye. Poganiza kuti tikukamba za chuma, anyamatawo amavomereza. Koma Fevronia akufuna kutenga Petro, ndipo “kalongayo anachita mogwirizana ndi Uthenga Wabwino: analinganiza chuma chake ndi manyowa kuti asaswe malamulo a Mulungu,” ndiko kuti, osati kusiya mkazi wake. Peter akuchoka ku Murom ndikuyenda m'ngalawa ndi Fevronia.

Tiyeni timvetsere: Fevronia safuna kuti mwamuna wake azikangana ndi anyamata, sakhumudwitsidwa kuti samateteza udindo wake monga mkazi pamaso pawo. Koma amagwiritsa ntchito nzeru zake kugonjetsa anyamatawo. Chiwembu cha mkazi kutenga mwamuna wake monga chinthu chamtengo wapatali chimapezeka mu nthano zosiyanasiyana. Koma nthawi zambiri asanamutulutse m’nyumba yachifumu, amamupatsa mankhwala ogona. Pano pali kusiyana kwakukulu: Petro akugwirizana ndi chisankho cha Fevronia ndipo amapita naye ku ukapolo mwaufulu.

Chozizwitsa

Madzulo amatera m’mphepete mwa nyanja n’kukonza chakudya. Peter ali wachisoni chifukwa adachoka muulamuliro (udindo wamakhalidwe ndi malingaliro). Fevronia amamutonthoza, akunena kuti ali m'manja mwa Mulungu (ntchito yamaganizo ndi yauzimu). Pambuyo pa pemphero lake, zikhomo zomwe chakudya chamadzulo chinakonzedwa chimaphuka m'mawa ndikukhala mitengo yobiriwira.

Posakhalitsa nthumwi zochokera ku Murom zikufika ndi nkhani yakuti anyamatawo adakangana kuti ndani ayenera kulamulira, ndipo ambiri adaphana. Anyamata otsalawo akupempha Peter ndi Fevronia kuti abwerere ku ufumuwo. Amabwerera ndikulamulira kwa nthawi yayitali (udindo wamagulu).

Mbali iyi ya moyo imanena makamaka za maudindo omwe ali okhudzana ndi zauzimu. Petro “amalemekeza manyowa” chuma ndi mphamvu poyerekezera ndi mkazi wopatsidwa kwa iye ndi Mulungu. Madalitso a Yehova ali nawo mosasamala kanthu za chikhalidwe chawo.

Ndipo pamene iwo anabwerera ku ulamuliro, “analamulira m’mudzimo, akusunga malamulo onse ndi malangizo a Ambuye kosaleka, napemphera kosaleka, ndi kuchitira zachifundo anthu onse amene anali pansi pa ulamuliro wawo, monga atate ndi amayi wokonda ana. Ngati kulingaliridwa mophiphiritsa, ndimeyi ikufotokoza za banja limene mwamuna ndi mkazi amayanjana ndi kusamalira ana awo.

Pamodzi kachiwiri

Moyo umatha ndi nkhani ya mmene Peter ndi Fevronia anapita kwa Mulungu. Amatenga monasticism ndipo aliyense amakhala mu nyumba yake ya amonke. Iye akupeta chophimba cha tchalitchi pamene Petro akutumiza uthenga wakuti: “Nthaŵi ya imfa yafika, koma ine ndikuyembekezera kuti inu mupite limodzi kwa Mulungu.” Akuti ntchito yake sinathe ndipo akumuuza kuti adikire.

Anatumizanso kwa iye kachiwiri ndi kachitatu. Pa tsiku lachitatu, amasiya nsalu yosamalizidwa ndipo, atapemphera, amapita kwa Ambuye pamodzi ndi Petro "pa tsiku la makumi awiri ndi zisanu la mwezi wa June." Anzathu safuna kuwaika m’manda amodzi, chifukwa iwo ndi amonke. Peter ndi Fevronia amaikidwa m'mabokosi osiyanasiyana, koma m'mawa akupezeka pamodzi mu tchalitchi chachikulu cha Holy Holy Theotokos. Chotero anaikidwa m’manda.

Mphamvu ya pemphero

Mbiri ya Peter ndi Fevronia ndi mbiri ya oyera mtima, ndipo zambiri sizidziwika ngati izi zayiwalika. Chifukwa izi sizongokhudza ukwati, komanso za ukwati wa mpingo.

Ndi chinthu chimodzi pamene titenga boma ngati mboni za ubale wathu. Ngati mumgwirizano wotere timatsutsana za katundu, ana ndi zina, mikanganoyi imayendetsedwa ndi boma. Pa nkhani ya ukwati wa m’tchalitchi, timatenga Mulungu monga mboni yathu, ndipo amatipatsa mphamvu kuti tipirire mayesero amene timakumana nawo. Pamene Petro ali ndi chisoni chifukwa cha utsogoleri wosiyidwa, Fevronia sayesa kumunyengerera kapena kumutonthoza - amatembenukira kwa Mulungu, ndipo Mulungu amachita chozizwitsa chomwe chimalimbitsa Petro.

Osati okhulupirira okha omwe amatenga nawo gawo mu hagiodrama - ndikutenga maudindo a oyera mtima. Ndipo aliyense amadzipezera yekha: kumvetsetsa kwatsopano, machitidwe atsopano. Umu ndi momwe m'modzi mwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo mu agiodrama ya Peter ndi Fevronia akufotokozera zomwe adakumana nazo: "Zomwe sindimakonda za yemwe ali pafupi ndi zomwe sindimakonda za ine ndekha. Munthu ali ndi ufulu wochita chilichonse chomwe akufuna. Ndipo pamene iye ali wosiyana kwambiri ndi ine, chofunika kwambiri kwa ine ndi kuthekera kwa kuzindikira. Kudziwa zaumwini, Mulungu ndi dziko lapansi.

Ngodya zakuthwa zomwe ndimakumana nazo mu ubale wopatsidwa ndi Mulungu ndizo mbali zakuthwa za umunthu wanga. Zomwe ndingachite ndikudzidziwa bwino mu ubale wanga ndi ena, kudzikonza ndekha, osati kupanganso mawonekedwe anga ndi mafanizidwe anga apamtima.

¹ Kuti mumve zambiri, onani Leitz Grete "Psychodrama. Chiphunzitso ndi machitidwe. Classical psychodrama yolembedwa ndi Ya. L. Moreno” (Cogito-Center, 2017).

² Moyo wa Peter ndi Fevronia udalembedwa ndi wolemba tchalitchi Yermolai-Erasmus, yemwe amakhala m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Nkhani yonse ikupezeka apa: https://azbyka.ru/fiction/povest-o-petre-i-fevronii.